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IBI Test I > B and T cells > Flashcards

B and T cells Flashcards

1
Q

expressed on all nucleated cells

A

MHC I

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2
Q

presents endogenous/intracellular antigens

A

MHC I

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3
Q

presents viral or cytosolic proteins from within the cells

A

MHC I

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4
Q

antigen loaded in RER via TAP

A

MHC I

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5
Q

recognized by CD8 cells via TCRs

A

MHC I

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6
Q

Encoded by HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C

A

MHC I

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7
Q

composed of 1 heavy chain and 1 short chain

A

MHC I

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8
Q

beta-2 microglobulin

A

MHC I

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9
Q

expressed by all APCs

A

MHC II

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10
Q

present exogenous/externally-derived antigens

A

MHC II

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11
Q

presents bacterial toxins/proteins ingested by phagocytes

A

MHC II

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12
Q

antigen loaded in acidic-phagoendosome

A

MHC II

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13
Q

recognized by CD4 T cells via TCRs

A

MHC II

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14
Q

composed of 2 chains of similar lengths

A

MHC II (alpha and beta)

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15
Q

encoded by HLA-DP, HLA-DQ, HLA-DR

A

MHC II

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16
Q

associated with invariant chain

A

MHC II

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17
Q

invariant chain

A

placeholder occupies antigen-binding site, preventing binding by internal antigens until arrival at endosomes

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18
Q

invariant chain degraded in acidified endosome

A

MHC II

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19
Q

B cells mediate _____ immunity

A

humoral

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20
Q

B cells express

A

CD19, CD20, CD21

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21
Q

B cells originate from

A

bone marrow

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22
Q

B cells migrate to and reside in

A

lymphoid tissue

follicles of lymph node, white pulp of spleen

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23
Q

after B cell activation, they differentiate into

A

plasma B cells, memory B cells

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24
Q

B cell activation begins with

A

antigen presentation on MHC II

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25
Signal 1: B cell activation
the foreign antigen presented by the B cell on MHC II is recognized by TCR on CD4 T cell
26
Signal 2: B cell activation
CD40 receptor on B cell binds to CD40L on T cell
27
the activated B cell undergoes ______ and _______
class switching; affinity maturation
28
antibody isotype depends on
cytokines secreted by T cell
29
the activated B cell proliferates in the
lymph node
30
effector B cells produced after activation
plamsa cells; memory B cells
31
provide humoral immunity by producing antibodies against antigen
plasma cells
32
found in bone marrow after B cell activation
plasma cells
33
normally do not circulate peripheral blood
plasma cells
34
develops antigen memory
Memory B cells
35
long lifespan (decades)
memory B cells
36
lifespan of plasma B cells
only survive months
37
B cells that do not produce antibodies
memory b cells may proliferate and differentiate into plasma b cells upon reexposure
38
where are memory b cells found?
spleen, lymph nodes, tonsils
39
what B cell enables a quick antibody response on reexposure?
memory B cells
40
must be activated against a specific antigen
T cells
41
80% of circulating lymphocytes
T cells
42
mediate cell-mediated immune response via direct cell-to-cell contact
T cells
43
undesired T cell activity results in
Type 4 Hypersensitivity reactions
44
Signal 1: T cell activation
antigen binds to TCR this is sufficient to activate CD8 t cells
45
Signal 2: T cell activation
B7 protein on APC binds with CD28 on Helper T cell
46
T cell differentiation begins in the
bone marrow
47
in bone marrow, T cells are double negative
do not express CD4 or CD8 or TCR
48
T cells migrate to _____ for positive selection
thymic cortex
49
In thymic cortex, T cells are double positive
express both CD4 and CD8, TCR gene rearragement occurs
50
TCR gene rearrangement
Beta gene, then alpha gene Enables recognition of variety of antigens
51
positive selection
T cells must bind self MHC to survive
52
failed TCRs are eliminated by
positive selection
53
T cells migrate to ______ for negative selection
thymic medulla
54
in the thymic medulla, T cells are single positive
CD4 or CD8
55
negative selection
T cells with overly high affinity for self MHC antigens undergo apoptosis or become Treg
56
Tissue restricted self-antigens express on thymic meduallary epithelial or DCs due to
AIRE
57
AIRE deficiency causes
autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome -1
58
self-MHC is expressed by
thymic cortical epithelial cells
59
After differentiation, T cell migrate to
lymphoid tissues spleen, lymph node, tonsils
60
Cytotoxic T cells kill
virus infected, neoplastic, or donor graft cells
61
Cytotoxic t cells express
CD8
62
CD8 T cells recognize antigens presented on
MHC I via TCR
63
When activated by abnormal antigen, cytotoxic T cells release granules containing
perforin and granzyme
64
perforin
created pore-like holes in target membrane
65
granzyme
enters perforin pores and activates caspases or other proteases to induce apoptosis
66
helper T cells express
CD4
67
Helper T cells recognize antigens bound to
MHC II via TCR
68
CD4 T cells are stimulated by
IL-2
69
primary target in HIV infection
CD4 T cells
70
Th1 cells
coordinate immune response against intracellular antigens
71
Th1 cell differentiation is induced by
IL-2 and IL-12
72
Th1 cell differentiation is inhibited by
IL-4 and IL-10
73
Th1 secretes
IFN-y and IL-2
74
IL-2 simulates
CD8 T cells and NK cells
75
IFN-y activates macrophages to kill
microbes
76
involved in granuloma formation
Th1
77
Th2 cells coordinate humoral immunity against
parasites
78
Th2 cell differentiation is induced by
IL-4
79
Th2 cell differentiation is inhibited by
IFN-y and IL-12
80
Th2 cells secrete
IL-4. IL-5, IL-10, IL-13
81
signals with IL-4 to preferentially promoted B cell IgE production
IL-13
82
Th17 cells
coordinate cellular immune response against fungi
83
Th17 differentiation is induced by
TGF-b and IL-6
84
Th17 secretes
IL-17, IL-21, and IL-22 stimulates neutrophils, fights fungal infections
85
Tregs
suppress immune system
86
Tregs prevent ______ by maintaining tolerance to self-antigens
autoimmunity
87
Treg cells express
CD25 and FOXP3
88
Treg differentiation is induced by
TGF-b
89
Treg differentiation is inhibited by
IL-6
90
Treg cells secrete
anti-inflammatory cytokines TGF-b and IL-10

IBI Test I (18 decks)

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