CWC - Unit One Exam Study Flashcards
Alexander the Great - Who
Macedonian King
Student of Aristotle
Alexander the Great - When
356 - 323 BCE
Alexander the Great - Where
Greece
Alexander the Great - Significance
Conquered lands from Greece and Egypt to India
Imparted Greek ideas and cultures in the lands he conquered
Athenian Democracy - What
the way Greeks voted as an assembly for laws
Athenian Democracy - When
400’s B.C.
Athenian Democracy - Where
Athens, Greece
Athenian Democracy - Significance
This way of voting had a strong influence on governments that followed
Aristotle - Who
student of Plato and a Greek philosopher
Aristotle - When
300s BC
Aristotle - Where
Athens
Aristotle - Significance
difference from Plato in that he thought studying the world was an important and worthwhile task.
He thought that form and matter were inseparable, therefore research of matter and earthly things was the way in which knowledge could be gained
Plato - Who
Greek Philosopher
Plato - When
428 - 347 BC
Plato - Where
Athens, Greece
Plato - Significance
Was a student of Socrates, he shared a lot of Socrates’ teachings,
Socrates - Who
Ancient Greek Philosopher
Taught Plato
a sophist
Socrates - When
469 - 399 BC
Socrates - Where
Athens, Greece
Socrates - Significance
Pursuit of truth and wisdom
Developed the Socratic Method (truth through questions)
Believed that real knowledge is found within
Pericles
“first citizen of Athens”
5th century BC
Athenian politician and statesmen
responsible for the Parthenon
Believed in equality before the law
Roman Republic
the Roman government
500 - 200s BC
consisted of 3 decision making groups
foundation for lots of governments today, including the US
Philosophy
“love of wisdom”
study of Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, etc
Sophists
a group of philosophical teachers
mainly in Athens
“Doctrine of the Mean”
Theory of Virtue
4th Century
from Aristotle
the mean between excess and deficiency
Polis
a Greek city-state
Hellenization
the influence of Greek culture across the known world
323 - 31 BC
Logos
logic or reasoning
Tripartite Soul
Plato’s three parts of the soul – reason, spirit, and appetite
Homer - Who
Greek poet
Homer - When
700 BC
Homer - Where
Greece
Homer - Significance
wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey
wrote literature that inspired and exemplified Greek values of heroism and honor into young Greeks as they were educated
Maccabean Revolt - What
a revolt led by the Maccabean’s for Jewish people
Maccabean Revolt - When
167 - 142 BC
Maccabean Revolt - Where
Israel
Maccabean Revolt - Significance
Revolt by Jewish people who didn’t want to conform to Hellenization
Augustus Caesar - Who
Julius Caesar’s nephew, adopted son
Augustus Caesar - When
31 BC - 14 AD
Augustus Caesar - Where
Rome
Augustus Caesar - Significance
Roman ruler after Julius Caesar’s death
Restored the Roman Republic, stabilized them for over 400 years
Christian Apologists - Who
Christians who made intellectual arguments for their faith
Christian Apologists - When
2nd Century AD
Christian Apologists - Significance
interact with culture
ex: Justin Martyr
Gnostics - Who
religious group that believe Christ descended into Jesus
Gnostics - When
2nd Century AD
Gnostics - Significance
Matter was evil, therefor Jesus couldn’t be God.
Christ + Wisdom decended into Jesus
Tertullian - Who
Lawyer who sought to make Christianity reasonable to Roman officials
Tertullian - When
155 - 220 AD
Tertullian - Where
Rome
Tertullian - Significance
Warn Christians against heretics
Don’t conform faith to philosophy
Civil Religion
United religion of a country
Monotheism
Jewish belief of one God
Marcion
drafted the first canon, exclude the OT and Jewish writings in the NT
Judaism
the monotheistic religion adhered to by God’s chosen people
Roman Empire
27 - 395 AD
Justin Martyr
Mid 2nd Century AD
Sought common ground between Christianity and Greek philosophy
Defended Christianity in terms his Greek audience would understand
Anthony - Who
a prosperous peasant who went to the desert to live a life for Christ and pursue holiness
Anthony - When
251 - 356 AD
Anthony - Where
Egypt
Anthony - Significance
Followed Jesus intructions, gave up himself and his desires to go into the desert as a sacrifice
Stressed the importance of suffering for God
Constantine - Who
first Christian emperor of Rome
Constantine - When
272 - 337 AD
Constantine - Where
Rome
Constantine - Significance
Legalized Christianity
Founded Constantinople
Battle at Milvian Bridge (312 AD)
Grew Christianity rapidly throughout Rome
Perpetua - Who
a Martyr, died for her faith
Perpetua - When
182 - 203 AD
Perpetua - Where
Carthage
Perpetua - Significance
Followed Jesus’ instructions, gave up her own life for the sake of her faith
Was loyal to God over her father and state
Augustine - Who
Professor of Rhetoric, Bishop of Hippo
Augustine - When
400 AD
Augustine - Where
North Africa, Italy
Augustine - Significance
Spent his life searching for truth and justice
Had a sinful youth
Had 4 conversions (Manichaeism > Christian Neoplatonism > Heart conversion to Christianity > Theological Conversion)
Wrote Confessions
Donatism - What
a belief by a group of North African Christians, said the validity of sacraments was based on the priests’ holiness
Donatism - When
400 AD
Donatism - Where
North Africa
Donatism - Significance
Augustine opposes donatism, he says that sacraments are from and about God, rather than the priest performing them.
Pelagius - Who
a man who debated with Augustine over Original sin
Pelagius - When
about 400 AD
Pelagius - Where
Rome & North Africa
Pelagius - Significance
He was declared a heretic for his views on original sin. He believed that original sin wasn’t a thing because we were made in Jesus’ image and we should have the opportunity to live up to goodness.
Paterfamilias
Males are the head of the family
The dominant male of the Roman family had legal power to control marriages and had power over females
Edict of Milan
AD 313
Christianity officially made legal
Milan (Roman Empire)
Council of Nicea
325 AD
defined that Jesus and God are eternal and that Jesus wasn’t created
Confessions
a book by Augustine about his sinful youth and his conversions
“Problem of Evil”
If God is all good created everything, then where does evil come from and why?
Great Persecution
Under pressure by Galerius, Diocletian begins to persecute Christians
Arianism
Anti-Holy Trinity, believed that Jesus was created
Monasticism
a life lived separate from the world, for Christ
Practiced by St Anthony
Original Sin
That we today are affected by Adam and Eve’s sin
Manichaeism
Taught dualistic cosmology, the balance between good and evil
City of God - What
A writing by Augustine expressing Christian philosophy of government and history
City of God - When
400 AD
City of God - Where
Written by Augustine who lived North Africa and Italy
City of God - Significance
Augustine’s writing on how the Christians should live within a pagan world, influencing the world and not becoming it
Fall of Western Roman Empire - What
Romulus Augustus surrenders crown to Odoacer
Fall of Western Roman Empire - When
AD 476
Fall of Western Roman Empire - Where
Rome
Fall of Western Roman Empire - Significance
It was the biggest empire in the world at the time
Had a lot of influence on the rest of the world
Vandals
band of Germanic arian christians in Spain
Byzantine Empire
Eastern Romans
Just War
a doctrine that justified when war was morally accepted
Justinian
Byzantine Emperor (AD 527 - 565)
Sought to revive Roman Empire
Wanted a Christianized Pax Romana
Pacifism
any war or violence is unjust
Unit 1 Timeline Order & Years
- 700 BC Homer
- 450s BC Sophocles & Socrates
- 400 BC Plato
- 350 BC Aristotle & Alexander the Great
- 167 - 160 BC Maccabean Revolt
- 1 AD Augustus Caesar, Jesus, & Paul
- 2nd Cent AD Gnosticism & “Letter to Diognetus”
- Late 2nd Century AD Tertullian
- 200 AD Perpetua & Felicitas
- 300 AD Anthony
- 400 AD Augustine of Hippo
“For there’s no benefit in frigid tears. That’s the way the gods have spun the threads for wretched mortal men,”
Homer - Iliad
Unit 1 Map
RAthCo / CaAJ
“mortal override the gods”
“We must obey whatever man the city puts in charge,”
Sophocles - Antigone
“school of Hellas”
“strong do what they can and the weak suffer what they must”
Thucydides - The History of the Peloponnesian War
“to be valued higher and holier far than mother or father”
Plato - Crito
“principal of reason, and the two subject ones of spirit and desire”
Plato - Tripartite Soul
“parent of light and of the lord of light”
Plato - Allegory of the Cave
“state is creation of nature”
Aristotle - Politics
“lying in a mean”
Aristotle - Doctrine of the Mean
“Gentile”
Maccabees
“Christ, united with Wisdom”
Gnostics
“Greek and Barbarian cities”
“soul, body, Christians”
Letter to Diognetus
“What indeed has Athens to do with Jerusalem?”
Tertullian
“So I cannot be called anything else, except what I am, a Christian.”
Perpetua and Felicitas
“I will ever be a succor to you, and will make your name known everywhere.”
Anthony
“‘Pick it up, read it; pick it up, read it”
“boy or girl”
Augustine - Confessions
“2 cities, 2 loves”
Augustine - City of God
“Peace/War”
Augustine - Letter to Count Boniface
