CWC Unit #3 Nov. 14 Quiz

Question 1

Galileo - Who

Answer 1

Italian astronomer, physicist, and polymath

Question 2

Galileo - When

Answer 2

1564 - 1642

Question 3

Galileo - Where

Answer 3

Italy

Question 4

Galileo - Significance

Answer 4

Improved the telescope; had astronomical observations (earth and planets orbit the sun - heliocentric theory); study of motion and classical mechanics

Question 5

Isaac Newton - Who

Answer 5

English mathematician, physicist, and astronomer

Question 6

Isaac Newton - When

Answer 6

1642 - 1727

Question 7

Isaac Newton - Where

Answer 7

England

Question 8

Isaac Newton - Significance

Answer 8

Discoveries in mechanics, optics, and math; Laws of Motion; Laws of Universal Gravitation; Calculus

Question 9

Scientific Revolution - What

Answer 9

Period of transformation when traditional scientific beliefs were questioned and a new framework and understanding was put into place

Question 10

Scientific Revolution - When

Answer 10

late 16th century

Question 11

Scientific Revolution - Where

Answer 11

Europe

Question 12

Scientific Revolution - Significance

Answer 12

birth of modern science, laid groundwork for the enlightenment

Question 13

Immanuel Kant - Who

Answer 13

German philosopher

Question 14

Immanuel Kant - When

Answer 14

1724 - 1804

Question 15

Immanuel Kant - Where

Answer 15

Germany

Question 16

Immanuel Kant - Significance

Answer 16

senses bring in data, reason categorizes data; sources of immaturity - laziness, cowardice

Question 17

The Enlightenment - What

Answer 17

intellectual and cultural movement

Question 18

The Enlightenment - When

Answer 18

Late 17th century

Question 19

The Enlightenment - Where

Answer 19

Europe

Question 20

The Enlightenment - Significance

Answer 20

Secularism: God isn’t necessary to understand the world; Laws of Nature
Individualism: emphasis on human reason and freedom; privatization of religious choices
Pluralism: competing models for pursuing truth; tolerance of religious differences
Progress: Creativity, innovation, moral improvement

Question 21

Rene Decartes - Who

Answer 21

French philosopher and mathematician

Question 22

Rene Decartes - When

Answer 22

1596 - 1650

Question 23

Rene Decartes - Where

Answer 23

France

Question 24

Rene Decartes - Significance

Answer 24

What’s impossible doubt: a thought experiment - withhold belief from anything I don’t know to be fully true
Decartes Rationalism - reason is the source of clear and distinct knowledge
Deductive method - build a system of truth from the ground up, use this as a foundation for the belief of God & the external world

Question 25

Copernicus

Answer 25

a Renaissance polymath, active as a mathematician, astronomer, and Catholic canon, who formulated a model of the universe that placed the Sun rather than Earth at its center

Question 26

Laws of Nature

Answer 26

Newton's Law of Motion Law of Gravitation Law of Thermodynamics Electromagnetics Laws

Question 27

Colonialism and Imperialism

Answer 27

Political, economic, or cultural control by a country over an area outside it's own boundaries

Question 28

Blaise Pascal

Answer 28

a French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and philosopher. Wrote "Pensees"

Question 29

Epistemology

Answer 29

the study of knowledge an old question in a new context; a question of method; rationalism - reason should be our primary source of truth; empiricism - sense experience should be our primary source of truth

Question 30

Natural Rights

Answer 30

Rooted in rational dignity, must be protected

Question 31

"The holy Bible can never speak untruth -- whenever its true meaning is understood" "Let us grant that theology is the highest of sciences."

Answer 31

Galileo - "Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina"

Question 32

"God and the Soul" Philosophy over theology

Answer 32

Rene Decartes - "Meditation of First Philosophy"

Question 33

"submit everything to reason"

Answer 33

Blaise Pascal - "Pensees"

Question 34

"Sapuere Aude" "motto of enlightenment"

Answer 34

Immanuel Kant - "An Answer to the Question: 'What is Enlightenment'"