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. > CWC Unit #3 Nov. 14 Quiz > Flashcards

CWC Unit #3 Nov. 14 Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

Galileo - Who

A

Italian astronomer, physicist, and polymath

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2
Q

Galileo - When

A

1564 - 1642

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3
Q

Galileo - Where

A

Italy

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4
Q

Galileo - Significance

A

Improved the telescope; had astronomical observations (earth and planets orbit the sun - heliocentric theory); study of motion and classical mechanics

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5
Q

Isaac Newton - Who

A

English mathematician, physicist, and astronomer

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6
Q

Isaac Newton - When

A

1642 - 1727

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7
Q

Isaac Newton - Where

A

England

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8
Q

Isaac Newton - Significance

A

Discoveries in mechanics, optics, and math; Laws of Motion; Laws of Universal Gravitation; Calculus

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9
Q

Scientific Revolution - What

A

Period of transformation when traditional scientific beliefs were questioned and a new framework and understanding was put into place

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10
Q

Scientific Revolution - When

A

late 16th century

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11
Q

Scientific Revolution - Where

A

Europe

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12
Q

Scientific Revolution - Significance

A

birth of modern science, laid groundwork for the enlightenment

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13
Q

Immanuel Kant - Who

A

German philosopher

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14
Q

Immanuel Kant - When

A

1724 - 1804

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15
Q

Immanuel Kant - Where

A

Germany

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16
Q

Immanuel Kant - Significance

A

senses bring in data, reason categorizes data; sources of immaturity - laziness, cowardice

17
Q

The Enlightenment - What

A

intellectual and cultural movement

18
Q

The Enlightenment - When

A

Late 17th century

19
Q

The Enlightenment - Where

A

Europe

20
Q

The Enlightenment - Significance

A

Secularism: God isn’t necessary to understand the world; Laws of Nature
Individualism: emphasis on human reason and freedom; privatization of religious choices
Pluralism: competing models for pursuing truth; tolerance of religious differences
Progress: Creativity, innovation, moral improvement

21
Q

Rene Decartes - Who

A

French philosopher and mathematician

22
Q

Rene Decartes - When

A

1596 - 1650

23
Q

Rene Decartes - Where

A

France

24
Q

Rene Decartes - Significance

A

What’s impossible doubt: a thought experiment - withhold belief from anything I don’t know to be fully true
Decartes Rationalism - reason is the source of clear and distinct knowledge
Deductive method - build a system of truth from the ground up, use this as a foundation for the belief of God & the external world

25
Q

Copernicus

A

a Renaissance polymath, active as a mathematician, astronomer, and Catholic canon, who formulated a model of the universe that placed the Sun rather than Earth at its center

26
Q

Laws of Nature

A

Newton’s Law of Motion
Law of Gravitation
Law of Thermodynamics
Electromagnetics Laws

27
Q

Colonialism and Imperialism

A

Political, economic, or cultural control by a country over an area outside it’s own boundaries

28
Q

Blaise Pascal

A

a French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and philosopher.
Wrote “Pensees”

29
Q

Epistemology

A

the study of knowledge
an old question in a new context; a question of method; rationalism - reason should be our primary source of truth; empiricism - sense experience should be our primary source of truth

30
Q

Natural Rights

A

Rooted in rational dignity, must be protected

31
Q

“The holy Bible can never speak untruth – whenever its true meaning is understood”
“Let us grant that theology is the highest of sciences.”

A

Galileo - “Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina”

32
Q

“God and the Soul”
Philosophy over theology

A

Rene Decartes - “Meditation of First Philosophy”

33
Q

“submit everything to reason”

A

Blaise Pascal - “Pensees”

34
Q

“Sapuere Aude”
“motto of enlightenment”

A

Immanuel Kant - “An Answer to the Question: ‘What is Enlightenment’”

. (13 decks)

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