Cubital Fossa & Anterior Forearm Outcomes Flashcards
P, D, A, I Brachioradialis
P: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
D: distal radius lateral to styloid process
A: flexes elbow
I: radial n. (C5-6)
P, D, A, I Flexor carpi radialis
P: medial epicondyle
D: palmar aspect of base of 2nd metacarpal
A: flexes and abducts hand at wrist, maybe assists pronation of forearm and flexion of elbow
I: median n. (C6-8)
P, D, A, I Flexor carpi ulnaris
P: medial epicondyle of humerus & proximal ulnar shaft
D: pisiform
A: flexes and adducts hand @ wrist (ulnar deviation), assists in flexion of elbow
I: ulnar n (C7-T1)
P, D, A, I Flexor digitorum profundus
P: anterior proximal 2/3 of ulna & interosseuos membrane
D: base of distal phalanges of digits 2-5
A: flexion of digits 2-5, & flexion of hand at wrist
I: median (ant. interossesous n; 2-3rd digits) & ulnar (4-5th digits) nn. (C7-T1)
P, D, A, I Flexor digitorum superficialis
P: medial epicondyle of humerus
D: sides of middle phalanges of digits 2-5
A: flexion of digits & hand @ wrist
I: median n. (C7-T1)
P, D, A, I Flexor pollicis longus
P: anterior surface of radius & interosseous membrane
D: base of distal phalanx of thumb
A: flexes thumb
I: median n. (anterior interosseous n) (C7-T1)
P, D, A, I Palmaris longus
P: medial epicondyle
D: palmar aponeurosis
A: flexes hand @ wrist & tenses palmar fascia
I: median n. (C7-8)
P, D, A, I Pronator quadratus
P: anterior surface of distal ulna
D: anterior surface of distal radius
A: pronates forearm
I: median n. (anterior interosseous n.) (C8-T1)
P, D, A, I Pronator teres
P: medial epicondyle & ulnar coronoid process
D: lateral aspect of radius
A: pronates & flexes forearm
I: median n. (C6-7)
What is the common flexor origin?
The medial epicondyle of the humerus
* all ant forearm except: pronator quadratus, flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum profundus, brachioradialis
What are the joints of the elbow?
1: Humeroulnar
2: Humeroradial
3: Proximal radio-ulnar (not elbow)
Synovial classification of the two joints making elbow?
1: Humeroulnar: hinge
2: Humeroradial: plane/gliding
Synovial classification of proximal radio-ulnar?
Pivot
What are the ligaments (4) of the elbow and forearm?
1: Ulnar collateral
2: Radial collateral
3: Anular
4: Interosseous membrane
What elbow/forearm ligament resists excessive cubital valgus? Attachments?
Ulnar Collateral
Medial epicondyle to medial margin of coronoid process & olecranon process
What elbow/forearm ligament resists excessive cubital varus? Attachments?
Radial collateral
Lateral epicondyle to anular ligament
What is the function of the anular ligament?
stabilize the proximal radioulnar joint
What are the attachments of the anular ligament?
Anterior margin of radial notch to posterior margin of radial notch surrounding head of radius
What are the attachements of the interosseous membrane which provides stability during pronation and supination?
Interosseous border of radius to interosseous border of ulna
What are the bursae of the elbow?
8 total bursae, but focus on:
olecranon bursae- 3
-subtendinous
-intratendinous
-subcutaneus
Why are there bursae at the elbow?
helps skin to glide over olecranon process
Describe radial head subluxation.
Radial head slips from under the anular ligament and subluxes or dislocates from the capitulum of humerus
Signs: inability to supinate,pain
Most common in kids because the annular ligament is still weaker
Mechanism: traction or pulling
Describe olecranon bursitis injury
Inflammation of the bursae at the tip of the olecranon as a result of impact at the elbow or extended periods of pressure at the elbow such as improper sling fitting or crawling/leaning on elbows
What are the fascial compartments of the anterior forearm?
1: Superficial
2: Intermediate
3: Deep
What are the muscles of the superficial-anterior compartment of forearm?
-Pronator teres
-Flexor carpi ulnaris
-Palmaris longus
-Flexor carpi radialis
What is the muscle of the intermediate fascial compartment of ant. forearm?
Flexor digitorum superficialis
What are the muscles of the deep fascial compartment of ant. forearm?
Brachioradialis
Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicis longus
Pronator quadratus
What nerve innervates the muscles of the anterior forearm? What are the exceptions?
Median n.
Flexor carpi ulnaris & flexor digitum profundus digits 4-5 -> ulnar n.
Pronator quadratus-> anterior interosseous n. from median n.
What is the blood supply for the anterior compartment of the forearm?
Radial a.
Ulnar a.
Ant. interosseus
What neurovascular structures would be injured by a bone fracture located at the medial epicondyle of humerus?
Ulnar Recurrent aa. ( ant/post)
Ulnar a.
Ulnar n.
