Axilla & Arm Outcomes

Question 1

Name the 5 muscles of the arm?

Answer 1

A. Anaconues
B. Biceps brachii
C. Brachialis
D. Coracobrachialis
E. Triceps brachii

Question 2

What are the muscles and function of the anterior compartment of the arm?

Answer 2

1. Biceps brachii
2. Coracobrachialis
3. Brachialis

These muscles all function to provide flexion of the shoulder and elbow

Question 3

P, D, A, I of Biceps Brachii

Answer 3

P: Coracoid process (short head) & supraglenoid tubercle (long head) of scapula
D: Radial tuberosity & deep antebrachial fascia (through bicipital aponeurosis)
A: Flexion of shouler & elbow, & supinaition of forearm
I: musculocutaneous n. (lateral cord) (C5-6)

Question 4

P, D, A, I Coracobrachialis

Answer 4

P:Coracoid process
D: Proximal medial shaft of humerus
A: Flexion & adduction of shoulder
I: musculocutaneous n. (lateral cord) (C6-7)

Question 5

P, D, A, I Brachialis

Answer 5

P: Distal anterior shaft of humerus and lateral & medial intermuscular septa
D: coronoid process & ulnar tuberoisty
A: flexion of elbow
I: musculocutaneous n. (lateral cord) (C5-6)

Question 6

What are the muscles and function of the posterior compartment of the arm?

Answer 6

1. Triceps Brachii
2. Anconeus

The posterior compartment muscles function to produce shoulder and elbow extension

Question 7

P, D, A, I Triceps Brachii

Answer 7

P: infraglenoid tubercle of scapular (long head) & proximal posterolateral (lateral) & distal posteromedial (medial) shaft of humerus
D: olecranon process of ulna
A: extension of shoulder (long head) & extension of the elbow (long, lateral, & medial head)
I: radial n. (C6-T1)

Question 8

P, D, A, I Anaconeus

Answer 8

P: lateral epicondyle of humerus
D: lateral surface of olecranon process
A: extension of the elbow
I: radial n. (C7-8)

Question 8

Explain the contents of the axilla (4)

Answer 8

1. Axillary artery
2. Axillary vein (ant to a.)
3. Axillary lymph nodes
4. 3 cords of the brachial plexus (posterior, lateral, medial)

Question 9

Name the boundaries of the axilla

Answer 9

Superior/Apex: 1st rib & superior clavicle
Inferior/base: skin of armpit
Anterior: pectoral muscles
Posterior: scapula & subscapularis m. (ant. scap)
Medial: thoracic wall, serratus anterior m.
Lateral: humerus

Question 10

Name the axillary lymph nodes?

Answer 10

1. Humeral/lateral lymph nodes
2. Central lymph nodes
   3.Apical lymph nodes
3. Subscapular/posterior lymph nodes
4. Pectoral lymph nodes

Question 11

What are the 5 brachial plexus roots originating from the ventral rami of spinal nerves? *

Answer 11

1: C5
2: C6
3: C7
4: C8
5: T1

sometimes C4 -anatomical variation

Question 12

What are the 3 trunks of the brachial plexus? Where are these located?

Answer 12

1: Upper
2: Middle
3: Lower
The trunks of the Brachial Plexus are located superior and deep the the clavicle

Question 13

Describe the divisions and location of the divisions of the brachial plexus?

Answer 13

3 anterior & 3 posterior divisions

BP passes posterior to clavicle and then divides into divisions from the trunks, therefore divisions are inferior to the clavicle

Question 14

What are the 3 cords of the B.Plexus?

Answer 14

1: Medial
2: Lateral
3: Posterior

Question 15

How many terminal branches of the B. plexus?

Answer 15

16!
5 main branches with 11 additional

Question 16

What are the borders/location and neurovascular contents of the triangular space?

Answer 16

Lateral border: medial border of long head triceps brachii
Superior border: teres minor
Inferior border: teres major

Circumflex scapular Artery

Question 17

What are the borders/locations and neurovascular contents of the triceps hiatus?

Answer 17

Lateral border: shaft of the humerus
Medial border: lateral border of the long head of triceps brachii
Profunda brachii Artery
Radial Nerve

Question 18

What is the most common direction of shoulder dislocation?

Answer 18

anterior dislocation