Ankle & Foot Flashcards
Descirbe the actions, contents, innervation, and blood supply of the 1st Layer of the Foot
Act: flexion of the digits & abduction of 1st & 5th digit
Mm: flexor digitorum brevis, abductor halluis, abductor digiti minimi
I: Lateral & Medial Plantar nn.
Blood supply by ?
Descirbe the actions, contents, innervation, and blood supply of the 2nd Layer of the Foot
Act: assist flexor digitorum longus (QP) & flex MP joints and extend IP joints
Mm: Quadratus plantae & Lumbricals
I: Lateral & Medial Plantar nn.
Blood supply by?
Descirbe the actions, contents, innervation, and blood supply of the 3rd Layer of the Foot
Act: Flex & adduct great toe, & Flex 5th digit*
Mm: Flexor hallucis brevis, adductor hallucis, flexor digiti minimi brevis*
I: Lateral & Medial Plantar nn.
Blood supply by ?
Descirbe the actions, contents, innervation, and blood supply of the 4th Layer of the Foot
Act: adduct (P) and abduct (D) and flex MP digits (P 3-5) (D 2-4)
Mm: Plantar interossei & Dorsal interossei
I: Lateral Plantar n.
Blood supply by ?
What tendons pass posterior to the medial malleolus?
Tibialis posterior
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus
What tendons pass posterior to the lateral malleolus?
Fibularus longus
Fibularus brevis
Axon functions of the Sural n.
Sensory & Postgang Sympathetic
Axon functions of the Median and Lateral Plantar nn.
Sensory, Postgang Sympathetic, & Motor Innervation
Axon functions of the Common fibular’s Lateral Sural n. branch
Sensory & postganglionic sympathetic
Axon functions of the Deep Fibular n.
sensory, postganglionic sympathetic, & motor
Axon functions of the Superficial Fibular n.
sensory, postganglionic sympathetic, & motor
What muscular branches going to the foot does the Tibial n. give off?
Lateral Plantar n.
Medial Plantar n.
What artery’s pulse can be felt just posterior to the medial malleolus and anterior to the achilles tendon?
Posterior tibial a.
Where would one take the Dorsalis Pedis pulse?
On dorsal aspect of the foot
Lateral to the extensor hallucis tendon and distal to the navicular bone prominence
What motions occur at the Talocrural joint?
Plantar flexion
Dorsiflexion
What motions occur at the Subtalar joint?
Inversion and Eversion
What motions occur at the Proximal Interphalangeal joints?
Flexion and Extension
What motions occur at the Metatarsophalngeal joints?
Abduction / Adduction
Flexion / Extension
Name the attachments and function of the Medial Collateral (Deltoid) ligament of the ankle
medial malleolus & talus, navicular & sustentaculum tali of calcaneus
Resists forced eversion
Function of the Lateral ligaments of the ankle:
Resists forced inversion
List the lateral ligaments of the ankle
Posterior talofibular
Calcaneofibular
Lateral talocalcaneal
Anterior talofibular
Name the attachments and function of the Plantar Calcaneonavicular (aka Spring) ligament
Anterior margin of sustentaculum tali to plantar surface of navicular
Supports medial longitudinal arch of foot
List the ligaments that contribute to the thickening at the ankle joint capsule
Delotiod ligament
Lateral ligament
Classification of the Distal Tibiofibular joint
Syndesmosis
Synovial classification of the Talocrural joint
hinge
Synovial classification of the Subtalar joint
Plane
Synovial classification of the Tarsometatarsal joint
Plane
Synovial classification of the Metatarsophalangeal joint
Ellipsoidal
Synovial classification of the Interphalangeal joint
Hinge
List the tarsal bones corresponding to the mneumonic:
Tiger Cubs Need MILC
Talus
Calcaneus
Navicular
Medial Cuneiform
Intermediate Cuneiform
Lateral Cuneiform
Cuboid
What tarsal bones are in the picture?
Blue - Calcaneus
Green - Cuboid
Pink - Medial Cuneiform
What tarsal bones are in the picture?
Orange - Talus
Purple - Lateral Cuneiform
What tarsal bones are in the picture?
Yellow - Navicular
Red - Intermediate cuneiform
P, D, A, I Abductor digiti minimi
P: calcaneal tuberosity
D: lateral side of proximal phalangeal base of 5th digit
A: abducts & flexes 5th digit
I: lateral plantar n. (S1-S2)
P, D, A, I Abductor hallucis
P: medial calcaneal tuberosity
D: medial side of proximal phalangeal base of digit 1
A: flexes & abducts big toe
I: medial plantar n. (L4-S1)
P, D, A, I Adductor hallucis
P: 2-4th metatarsal bases (oblique head) & distal ends of 3-5 metatarsals (transverse head)
D: lateral base of proximal phalanx of digit 1
A: adducts great toe
I: lateral plantar n. (S1-S2)
P, D, A, I Extensor digitorum brevis
medial slip of muscle is EHB
P: anterolateral calcaneus
D: dorsal aspect of base of proximal phalanx (digit 1 EHB) or to lateral side of tendons of extensor digitorum longus (digits 2-4 EDB)
A: extension of digits 2-5 (MP & IP ; EDB) and extension of digit 1 (EHB)
I: deep fibular n. (L4-S1)
P, D, A, I Extensor halluis brevis
P: extensor digitorum brevis
D: dorsal aspect of base of proximal phalanx of hallux
A: extension of great toe @ MP joint
I: deep fibular n. (L4-S1)
P, D, A, I Quadratus plantae
P: medial surface calcaneus & lateral process of calcaneal tuberosity
D: long flexor tendons
A: assists flexor digitorum brevis
I: lateral plantar n. (S1-S2)
P, D, A, I Flexor digitorum brevis
P: Medial process of calcaneal tuberosity
D: sides of intermediate phalanges of digits 2-5
A: flexes toes (proximal IP)
I: medial plantar n. (L4-S1)
P, D, A, I Flexor digiti minimi brevis
P: 5th metatarsal base
D: proximal phalangeal base
A: flexion of digit 5 (MP Joint)
I: lateral plantar n. (S1-S2)
P, D, A, I Flexor hallucis brevis
P: cuboid & tendon of tibialis posterior
D: base of proximal phalanx digit 1
A: flexion of digit 1 (MP joint)
I: medial plantar n. (L4-S1)
P, D, A, I Dorsal interossei
P: metatarsal shafts
D: proximal phalangeal bases & dorsal digital expansions digits 2-5
A: abducts (MP) & flexes (MP) digits 2-4
I: lateral plantar n. (S1-S2)
P, D, A, I Plantar interossei
P: plantar surface of base of metatarsals
D: dorsal digital expansions of digits 3-5
A: adducts & flexes MP digits 3-5
I: lateral plantar n. (S1-S2)
P, D, A, I Lumbricals
P: tendons of flexor digitorum longus
D: medial sides of dorsal expansions of digits 2-5
A: flexes proximal phalanges (MP) & extend IP joints
I: medial plantar n (L4-S1)-1st digit and lateral plantar n. (S1-S2)- digits 2-4
