Ankle & Foot

Question 1

Descirbe the actions, contents, innervation, and blood supply of the 1st Layer of the Foot

Answer 1

Act: flexion of the digits & abduction of 1st & 5th digit
Mm: flexor digitorum brevis, abductor halluis, abductor digiti minimi
I: Lateral & Medial Plantar nn.
Blood supply by ?

Question 2

Descirbe the actions, contents, innervation, and blood supply of the 2nd Layer of the Foot

Answer 2

Act: assist flexor digitorum longus (QP) & flex MP joints and extend IP joints
Mm: Quadratus plantae & Lumbricals
I: Lateral & Medial Plantar nn.
Blood supply by?

Question 3

Descirbe the actions, contents, innervation, and blood supply of the 3rd Layer of the Foot

Answer 3

Act: Flex & adduct great toe, & Flex 5th digit*
Mm: Flexor hallucis brevis, adductor hallucis, flexor digiti minimi brevis*
I: Lateral & Medial Plantar nn.
Blood supply by ?

Question 4

Descirbe the actions, contents, innervation, and blood supply of the 4th Layer of the Foot

Answer 4

Act: adduct (P) and abduct (D) and flex MP digits (P 3-5) (D 2-4)
Mm: Plantar interossei & Dorsal interossei
I: Lateral Plantar n.
Blood supply by ?

Question 5

What tendons pass posterior to the medial malleolus?

Answer 5

Tibialis posterior
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus

Question 6

What tendons pass posterior to the lateral malleolus?

Answer 6

Fibularus longus
Fibularus brevis

Question 7

Axon functions of the Sural n.

Answer 7

Sensory & Postgang Sympathetic

Question 8

Axon functions of the Median and Lateral Plantar nn.

Answer 8

Sensory, Postgang Sympathetic, & Motor Innervation

Question 9

Axon functions of the Common fibular’s Lateral Sural n. branch

Answer 9

Sensory & postganglionic sympathetic

Question 10

Axon functions of the Deep Fibular n.

Answer 10

sensory, postganglionic sympathetic, & motor

Question 11

Axon functions of the Superficial Fibular n.

Answer 11

sensory, postganglionic sympathetic, & motor

Question 12

What muscular branches going to the foot does the Tibial n. give off?

Answer 12

Lateral Plantar n.
Medial Plantar n.

Question 13

What artery’s pulse can be felt just posterior to the medial malleolus and anterior to the achilles tendon?

Answer 13

Posterior tibial a.

Question 14

Where would one take the Dorsalis Pedis pulse?

Answer 14

On dorsal aspect of the foot
Lateral to the extensor hallucis tendon and distal to the navicular bone prominence

Question 15

What motions occur at the Talocrural joint?

Answer 15

Plantar flexion
Dorsiflexion

Question 16

What motions occur at the Subtalar joint?

Answer 16

Inversion and Eversion

Question 17

What motions occur at the Proximal Interphalangeal joints?

Answer 17

Flexion and Extension

Question 18

What motions occur at the Metatarsophalngeal joints?

Answer 18

Abduction / Adduction
Flexion / Extension

Question 19

Name the attachments and function of the Medial Collateral (Deltoid) ligament of the ankle

Answer 19

medial malleolus & talus, navicular & sustentaculum tali of calcaneus
Resists forced eversion

Question 20

Function of the Lateral ligaments of the ankle:

Answer 20

Resists forced inversion

Question 21

List the lateral ligaments of the ankle

Answer 21

Posterior talofibular
Calcaneofibular
Lateral talocalcaneal
Anterior talofibular

Question 22

Name the attachments and function of the Plantar Calcaneonavicular (aka Spring) ligament

Answer 22

Anterior margin of sustentaculum tali to plantar surface of navicular
Supports medial longitudinal arch of foot

Question 23

List the ligaments that contribute to the thickening at the ankle joint capsule

Answer 23

Delotiod ligament
Lateral ligament

Question 24

Classification of the Distal Tibiofibular joint

Answer 24

Syndesmosis

Question 25

Synovial classification of the Talocrural joint

Answer 25

hinge

Question 26

Synovial classification of the Subtalar joint

Answer 26

Plane

Question 27

Synovial classification of the Tarsometatarsal joint

Answer 27

Plane

Question 28

Synovial classification of the Metatarsophalangeal joint

Answer 28

Ellipsoidal

Question 29

Synovial classification of the Interphalangeal joint

Answer 29

Hinge

Question 30

List the tarsal bones corresponding to the mneumonic: Tiger Cubs Need MILC

Answer 30

Talus Calcaneus Navicular Medial Cuneiform Intermediate Cuneiform Lateral Cuneiform Cuboid

Question 31

What tarsal bones are in the picture?

Answer 31

Blue - Calcaneus Green - Cuboid Pink - Medial Cuneiform

Question 32

What tarsal bones are in the picture?

Answer 32

Orange - Talus Purple - Lateral Cuneiform

Question 33

What tarsal bones are in the picture?

Answer 33

Yellow - Navicular Red - Intermediate cuneiform

Question 34

P, D, A, I Abductor digiti minimi

Answer 34

P: calcaneal tuberosity D: lateral side of proximal phalangeal base of 5th digit A: abducts & flexes 5th digit I: lateral plantar n. (S1-S2)

Question 35

P, D, A, I Abductor hallucis

Answer 35

P: medial calcaneal tuberosity D: medial side of proximal phalangeal base of digit 1 A: flexes & abducts big toe I: medial plantar n. (L4-S1)

Question 36

P, D, A, I Adductor hallucis

Answer 36

P: 2-4th metatarsal bases (oblique head) & distal ends of 3-5 metatarsals (transverse head) D: lateral base of proximal phalanx of digit 1 A: adducts great toe I: lateral plantar n. (S1-S2)

Question 37

P, D, A, I Extensor digitorum brevis *medial slip of muscle is EHB*

Answer 37

P: anterolateral calcaneus D: dorsal aspect of base of proximal phalanx (digit 1 EHB) or to lateral side of tendons of extensor digitorum longus (digits 2-4 EDB) A: extension of digits 2-5 (MP & IP ; EDB) and extension of digit 1 (EHB) I: deep fibular n. (L4-S1)

Question 38

P, D, A, I Extensor halluis brevis

Answer 38

P: extensor digitorum brevis D: dorsal aspect of base of proximal phalanx of hallux A: extension of great toe @ MP joint I: deep fibular n. (L4-S1)

Question 39

P, D, A, I Quadratus plantae

Answer 39

P: medial surface calcaneus & lateral process of calcaneal tuberosity D: long flexor tendons A: assists flexor digitorum brevis I: lateral plantar n. (S1-S2)

Question 40

P, D, A, I Flexor digitorum brevis

Answer 40

P: Medial process of calcaneal tuberosity D: sides of intermediate phalanges of digits 2-5 A: flexes toes (proximal IP) I: medial plantar n. (L4-S1)

Question 41

P, D, A, I Flexor digiti minimi brevis

Answer 41

P: 5th metatarsal base D: proximal phalangeal base A: flexion of digit 5 (MP Joint) I: lateral plantar n. (S1-S2)

Question 42

P, D, A, I Flexor hallucis brevis

Answer 42

P: cuboid & tendon of tibialis posterior D: base of proximal phalanx digit 1 A: flexion of digit 1 (MP joint) I: medial plantar n. (L4-S1)

Question 43

P, D, A, I Dorsal interossei

Answer 43

P: metatarsal shafts D: proximal phalangeal bases & dorsal digital expansions digits 2-5 A: abducts (MP) & flexes (MP) digits 2-4 I: lateral plantar n. (S1-S2)

Question 44

P, D, A, I Plantar interossei

Answer 44

P: plantar surface of base of metatarsals D: dorsal digital expansions of digits 3-5 A: adducts & flexes MP digits 3-5 I: lateral plantar n. (S1-S2)

Question 45

P, D, A, I Lumbricals

Answer 45

P: tendons of flexor digitorum longus D: medial sides of dorsal expansions of digits 2-5 A: flexes proximal phalanges (MP) & extend IP joints I: medial plantar n (L4-S1)-1st digit and lateral plantar n. (S1-S2)- digits 2-4