cranial nerves and brainstem

Question 1

in what 4 locations can an aneurysm cause a CN III palsy?

Answer 1

Basilar tip
Junction of SCA and PCA
Junction on PCA and PCOM
Junction of ICA and PCOM

Question 2

what fibers does the dorsal nucleus of X give rise to?

Answer 2

Parasympathetic input to heart, lung, and digestive tract.

Question 3

What fibers does the nucleus ambigus give rise to?

Answer 3

Motor fibers of vagus that innervate muscles of palate, phartnx and larynx

Question 4

What is the role of the nucleus solitarius?

Answer 4

receives input about unconscious visceral sensation via CN IX and taste afferents from CN VII and IX

Question 5

What fibers does the chief nucleus of V give rise to?

Answer 5

vibration, proprioception and light touch sensation to face.

Question 6

what is the role of the mesencephalic nucleus of V?

Answer 6

unconscious proprioception of jaw (ie jaw jerk reflex), reflexive chewing.

Question 7

What is the role of the spinal nucleus of V?

Answer 7

pain and temperature sensation of face, oral cavity, dorsum of head, including temporomandibular joint, supratentorial meninges and dura, and teeth.

Question 8

What 7 muscles are innervated by CN V?

Answer 8

1. medial and lateral pterygoids, 2. masseter, 3. deep temporal, 4. anterior belly of the digastric, 5. mylohyoid, 6. tensor veli palatini, and 7.tensor tympani

Question 9

only muscle innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve.

Answer 9

stylopharyngeus

Question 10

path of first order neuron in Horner’s syndrome.

Answer 10

from posterior hypothalamus to interomediolateral part of spinal chord.

Question 11

in what spinal segments do the 2nd order neurons for a horner’s syndrome arise?

Answer 11

C8-T2

Question 12

what is the name of where first order neurons synapse in a horner’s syndrome?

Answer 12

ciliospinal center of budge

Question 13

path of 2nd order neuron in horner’s syndrome

Answer 13

ciliospinal center of budge (C8-T2) to superior cervical ganglion (near carotid bifurcation).

Question 14

Path of 3rd order neuron in horner’s syndrome

Answer 14

superior cervical ganglion to target organs (sudomotor fibers to sweat glands and pupillary fibers to ciliary muscles.).

Question 15

with what vessel do the sympathetic sudomotor fibers travel to facial sweat glands?

Answer 15

ECA

Question 16

WIth what nerve do sympathetic fibers to the cilliary muscle of the eye travel?

Answer 16

V1 through cavernous sinus

Question 17

affect of cocaine in horner’s syndrome

Answer 17

dilates unaffected pupil, no affect on horner’s pupil (confirms horner’s syndrome).

Question 18

way to localize horner’s syndrome to preganglionic (1st or 2nd order neuron) from post-ganglionic (3rd order neuron).

Answer 18

give hydoxyamphtamine 1%. in a pre-ganglionic lesion the affected pupil will dilate, in a post-ganglionic lesion the affected pupil will NOT dilate.

Question 19

If someone has ptosis and meiosis but NOT anhidrosis, where is the lesion of the horner’s syndrome?

Answer 19

distal to the ICA.