Cranial Nerves Flashcards
what way do cranial nerves exit the brainstem
ventrally except CN IV
what are most cranial nerves from and what matter
streaks of grey matter
what are the components of cranial nerves
3 motor and 3 sensory
what does each component of the cranial nerves arie from
streak orblob of grey matter in brain or brainstem
what are the 3 motor components called
somatic motor (GSE) Visceral motor (parasymp) (GVE) Branchio motor (SVE)
what is the meaning of somatic motor
in development segmented structures somites give rise to components of body
what is the strutcure/function of somatic motor
skeletal muscle - somites (move eye and tongue)
for somatic efferents how many grey blob nuclei are associated and cranial nerves
4 blobs
cranial nerves assc - 3,4,6 which move eye and 12 for moving tongue
what are calliculi
bumps on back of midbrain assc with grey blob nuclei
what happens to the trochlear root CN 4
at inf calliculus
goes to supply sup oblique
only CN to exit dorsally and crosses midline
what si the periaqueductal grey matter important for
modulating pain perception
what does the nuclei of the hypoglossal nerve like
long streak of grey matter running from lower pons thro medulla
what does inferior olivary nucleus do
teach cerebellum to do new motor functions may be timing signals also
wat does hypoglossal control
genioglossus, hypoglossus, styloglossus, intrinsic tongue muscles
what happens when there is hypoglossal problems
hypoglossal palsy
where do most cranial nerves come from
close to midline
what are the structures/site of visceral motor (parasymp GVE)
glands and smooth muscle (head + thorax, GI tract)
where are the nuclei for the parasymp GVE found
laterally to somatic efferents
what si the edinger westphal nucleus
parasymp nucleus oculomotor literally at oculomotor nun innervate ciliary ganglion
what does the sup salivary nucleus do
submand/ling/pterygopalatine parasymp control
what does the inf salivary nucleus do
inv parotid via lesser petrosal form otic ganglion CN 9
what ganglion does CN 7 go thro to supply salivary glands
geniculate ganglion
what kind of nucleus is the dorsal nucleus of vagus
long streak nucleus covering much of the medulla
what does the doral nucleus of the vagus do
parasymp to visceral cavities
glands and smooth muscle of viscera
what is branchio motor structures/site
branchial arch
musculature
jaw, face, pharynx, larynx, head/shoulders
hat are the cranial neves assc with branchio motor
V VII IX X XI
what does V innervate
jaw muscles t.tymp t.palatini mylohyoid ABD
what does VII inv
facial expression/stapedius
what does IX inv
swllowing
what does X inv
swallowing, palate up and talking
what does XI palate inv
palate up and talking
what is the nucleus ambiguus
long grey matter streak control other pharyngeal arch musculature
what happens when open out back of brainstem
sensory more laterally placed and motor middle
what are the somatic cranial nerves
3,4,6,12
what re the parasymp GVE cranial nerves
3,7,9,10
what are the branchiomotor SVE cranial nerves
5,7,9,10,11
what kind of tract is croticospinal tract
bilateral inputs
what re the 3 sensory components of cranial nerves
general sensation pain, touch, position
special/general visceral sensation taste and input form organs
special smell, vision, hearing
what cranial nerve is mostly responsible for genrel sensation of pain touch and position
V nerve nuclei
hat are the V sensory nuclei
mesencephalic
principal
spinal nucleus
what does the mesencephalic nucleus do
proprioception info/jaw jerk
what does the principal nucleus do
disc touch and vibration
what does the spinal nucleus do
pain, temp - especially caudalis
what is unique about mesenephlaic nucleus
sensory neurons in CNS
what is th solitary nucleus
taste and visceral sensation
what does the solitary nucleus supply
ant 2/3 tongue - CN VII
post 1/3 tongue - CN IX
epiglottis - CN X
what si the commissural nuc
supply carotid sinus/body - CN IX
aortic arch and viscera CNX
what are the 3 complex cranial nerves
facial
vagus
glossopahrygeal
what are the components of the facial neve
muscles facial exp
sup salivary nuc- saliva parasymp
solitary nuc- taste
input spinal nuc
what si the oddity of the facial nerve motor
leave nuc and wrap around another nun posterior and medial to it - abducens
what are the 2 types of innervation from cortex to the muscle of facial exp
low portion face - cortical input from opposite side only
above eye level input bilateral
what happens if there si a lesion in the lower motor neurone
bells palsy loss in upper and lower
what is bells palsy
sided facial paralysis
lower motorneuone same side upper and lower
what are components of glossophayrgeal
nun ambig
parasymp inv from otic gang
taste post 1/3 tongue
visceral sensation to commisural
what re components of vagus nerve
dorsal motor - parasymp nun ambig- branchiomotor solitary - taste commissural- visceral trigeminal spinal nuc
