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Neuroanatomy > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

what way do cranial nerves exit the brainstem

A

ventrally except CN IV

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2
Q

what are most cranial nerves from and what matter

A

streaks of grey matter

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3
Q

what are the components of cranial nerves

A

3 motor and 3 sensory

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4
Q

what does each component of the cranial nerves arie from

A

streak orblob of grey matter in brain or brainstem

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5
Q

what are the 3 motor components called

A 
somatic motor (GSE)
Visceral motor (parasymp) (GVE)
Branchio motor (SVE)
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6
Q

what is the meaning of somatic motor

A

in development segmented structures somites give rise to components of body

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7
Q

what is the strutcure/function of somatic motor

A

skeletal muscle - somites (move eye and tongue)

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8
Q

for somatic efferents how many grey blob nuclei are associated and cranial nerves

A

4 blobs

cranial nerves assc - 3,4,6 which move eye and 12 for moving tongue

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9
Q

what are calliculi

A

bumps on back of midbrain assc with grey blob nuclei

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10
Q

what happens to the trochlear root CN 4

A

at inf calliculus
goes to supply sup oblique
only CN to exit dorsally and crosses midline

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11
Q

what si the periaqueductal grey matter important for

A

modulating pain perception

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12
Q

what does the nuclei of the hypoglossal nerve like

A

long streak of grey matter running from lower pons thro medulla

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13
Q

what does inferior olivary nucleus do

A

teach cerebellum to do new motor functions may be timing signals also

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14
Q

wat does hypoglossal control

A

genioglossus, hypoglossus, styloglossus, intrinsic tongue muscles

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15
Q

what happens when there is hypoglossal problems

A

hypoglossal palsy

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16
Q

where do most cranial nerves come from

A

close to midline

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17
Q

what are the structures/site of visceral motor (parasymp GVE)

A

glands and smooth muscle (head + thorax, GI tract)

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18
Q

where are the nuclei for the parasymp GVE found

A

laterally to somatic efferents

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19
Q

what si the edinger westphal nucleus

A

parasymp nucleus oculomotor literally at oculomotor nun innervate ciliary ganglion

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20
Q

what does the sup salivary nucleus do

A

submand/ling/pterygopalatine parasymp control

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21
Q

what does the inf salivary nucleus do

A

inv parotid via lesser petrosal form otic ganglion CN 9

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22
Q

what ganglion does CN 7 go thro to supply salivary glands

A

geniculate ganglion

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23
Q

what kind of nucleus is the dorsal nucleus of vagus

A

long streak nucleus covering much of the medulla

24
Q

what does the doral nucleus of the vagus do

A

parasymp to visceral cavities

glands and smooth muscle of viscera

25
Q

what is branchio motor structures/site

A

branchial arch
musculature

jaw, face, pharynx, larynx, head/shoulders

26
Q

hat are the cranial neves assc with branchio motor

A 
V
VII
IX
X
XI
27
Q

what does V innervate

A 
jaw muscles
t.tymp
t.palatini
mylohyoid
ABD
28
Q

what does VII inv

A

facial expression/stapedius

29
Q

what does IX inv

A

swllowing

30
Q

what does X inv

A

swallowing, palate up and talking

31
Q

what does XI palate inv

A

palate up and talking

32
Q

what is the nucleus ambiguus

A

long grey matter streak control other pharyngeal arch musculature

33
Q

what happens when open out back of brainstem

A

sensory more laterally placed and motor middle

34
Q

what are the somatic cranial nerves

A

3,4,6,12

35
Q

what re the parasymp GVE cranial nerves

A

3,7,9,10

36
Q

what are the branchiomotor SVE cranial nerves

A

5,7,9,10,11

37
Q

what kind of tract is croticospinal tract

A

bilateral inputs

38
Q

what re the 3 sensory components of cranial nerves

A

general sensation pain, touch, position

special/general visceral sensation taste and input form organs

special smell, vision, hearing

39
Q

what cranial nerve is mostly responsible for genrel sensation of pain touch and position

A

V nerve nuclei

40
Q

hat are the V sensory nuclei

A

mesencephalic
principal
spinal nucleus

41
Q

what does the mesencephalic nucleus do

A

proprioception info/jaw jerk

42
Q

what does the principal nucleus do

A

disc touch and vibration

43
Q

what does the spinal nucleus do

A

pain, temp - especially caudalis

44
Q

what is unique about mesenephlaic nucleus

A

sensory neurons in CNS

45
Q

what is th solitary nucleus

A

taste and visceral sensation

46
Q

what does the solitary nucleus supply

A

ant 2/3 tongue - CN VII
post 1/3 tongue - CN IX
epiglottis - CN X

47
Q

what si the commissural nuc

A

supply carotid sinus/body - CN IX

aortic arch and viscera CNX

48
Q

what are the 3 complex cranial nerves

A

facial
vagus
glossopahrygeal

49
Q

what are the components of the facial neve

A

muscles facial exp
sup salivary nuc- saliva parasymp
solitary nuc- taste
input spinal nuc

50
Q

what si the oddity of the facial nerve motor

A

leave nuc and wrap around another nun posterior and medial to it - abducens

51
Q

what are the 2 types of innervation from cortex to the muscle of facial exp

A

low portion face - cortical input from opposite side only

above eye level input bilateral

52
Q

what happens if there si a lesion in the lower motor neurone

A

bells palsy loss in upper and lower

53
Q

what is bells palsy

A

sided facial paralysis

lower motorneuone same side upper and lower

54
Q

what are components of glossophayrgeal

A

nun ambig
parasymp inv from otic gang
taste post 1/3 tongue
visceral sensation to commisural

55
Q

what re components of vagus nerve

A 
dorsal motor - parasymp
nun ambig- branchiomotor
solitary - taste
commissural- visceral
trigeminal spinal nuc

Neuroanatomy (20 decks)

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