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Neuroanatomy > Autonomic Pharmacology 1 > Flashcards

Autonomic Pharmacology 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what does efferent doc

A

signals away from CNS

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2
Q

what does afferent dp

A

signals to CNS

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3
Q

what are the subdivisions of the PNS

A

somatic efferent
enteric
autonomic
somatic an visceral afferent

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4
Q

what is somatic efferent

A

efferent out to skeletal muscle

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5
Q

what are the div of autonomic

A

symp

parasymp

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6
Q

where is enteric system

A

in walls of GI tract not as many neurones

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7
Q

what is the role of autonomic NS

A

carry output from CNS to whole body with exception of skeletal muscle

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8
Q

what are the functions of ANS

A

visceral functions - involuntary
degree of conscious control ANS functions
simp and parasymp functions

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9
Q

what are some visceral functions involuntary

A

contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle
all exocrine and endocrine secretions
the heartbeat
aspects of metabolism

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10
Q

what does paarsymp do in general

A

coordinates body basic homeostatic functions

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11
Q

what does symp do in general

A

coordinates body fight or flight

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12
Q

what si the basic organisation of ANS

A

2 neurones in series

one pregang cell body in CNS to post gang

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13
Q

what is an example of an effector cell

A

cardiac or smooth muscle cell

secretory cell

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14
Q

what is the preganglionic neurotransmitter in ANS

A

always ACh

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15
Q

what are the diff postganglionic neurotransmitters in ANS

A

symp - Noradrenaline

parasymp - ACh

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16
Q

where is the outflow from for CNS

A

cranial and sacral

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17
Q

where is the outflow from from spinal cord

A

thoracic or lumbar outflow

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18
Q

what is the phrase when a ganglion uses ACh

A

cholinergic

19
Q

what is the phrase when a ganglion uses noradrenaline

A

adregenic

20
Q

where does the thoracolumbar emerge from

A

T1 and L2 spinal cord

21
Q

what does the preganglionic neurone of the simp release

A

ACh

22
Q

what does the postganglionic neurone of the symp release

A

NA

23
Q

what si imp about adrenal gland innervation

A

innervation is pre ganglionic and transmitter is ACh

24
Q

what are the parasymp cranial nerves

A

3, 7, 9 and 10

25
Q

where does parasymp outflow come from

A

cranio sacral

thoracic lumbar

26
Q

where are parasymp ganglia usually

A

in target organs

except head and neck

27
Q

what are some sympathetic stipulated activity

A 
inc heart rate 
inc force contraction 
relax bronchi 
dec mucosal prod
reduces motility 
constrict sphincters 
release adrenaline 
ejaculation
28
Q

what are some parasympathetic stimulated activities

A 
dec heart rate
constrict bronchi 
inc motility 
relax sphincters 
no effect on smooth 
erection
29
Q

what part of the heart only receives parasympathetic innervation

A

atria

30
Q

neurchem transmission

A 
uptake precursor
syn transmitter
store transmitter
depo by AP
calcium influx through voltage activated 
calcium induced release of transmitter 
receptor activation 
enzyme mediated inactivation or reuptake of transmitter
31
Q

what happens in the transmission in sympathetic system

A

ap from pre gang
to presyn terminal of pre gang neurone triggering calcium entry and release ACh
Each = release of noradrenaline
noradrenaline activates GPC adrenorecptors

32
Q

wat si hem transmission of parasymp system

A

identical to simp but ACh is used as transmitter

Ch activates GPC muscarinic acetylcholine receptors

33
Q

what do ligand gated ion channels consist of

A

sep glycoprotein subunits that form a central, ion conducting, channel

34
Q

what does ligand gated ion channel allow

A

allow rapid changes in perm of mem

rapid alter mem pot

35
Q

what are GPCR

A 
receptor
g protein
sep and effector proteins
activation of effector 
signalling slow in comparison to ligand gated
36
Q

what is basic structure of receptor

A

integral mem protein
single polypep with extra cell NH2 and intracell COOH
seven transmem spans joined

37
Q

what si the basic structure of g protein

A

guanine nucleotide bind protein
peripheral mem protein
3 polypeptide units
GTP or GDP

38
Q

how is no signalling done by GPCR

A

receptor unoccupied
g protein alpha submit binds GDP
effector not modulated

39
Q

how is signal turned on with GPCR

A

agonist activates receptor
GP couples with receptor
GDP dissociantes from an GTP binds to alpha subunit

40
Q

what does g protein dissociates into

A

separate alpha ad beta/gamma subunits

41
Q

what does GP alpha subunit do

A

combines with and modifies activity of electro

42
Q

what happens if agonist unbind from receptor

A

signalling can persist

43
Q

how do turn signal off in GPCR

A

alpha subunit acts as enzyme to hydrolyse GTP to GDP and Pi

alpha recombines

Neuroanatomy (20 decks)

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