contrastiva - 1er cuatri Flashcards
principles and parameters
- the extended projection principle
- pro-drop parameter
- the principle of structure dependency
- order of sentence constituents
occasions when the subject must be retained in Spanish
- when the pronoun stands alone or is an indefinite, relative or interrogative pron. eg: quien ha venido? ellos
- when there’s a change of subject. eg: tu eres listo, pero ella …
- when one subject is contrasted with another. eg: vos no tendras que.. pero yo..
- to avoid ambiguity when the verbal inflections are identical. eg: estaba cansada y no sabia adonde ir
- “usted” is kept to emphasize politeness
it and there as grammatical subjects
- it as a proform
- it as an empty theme
- it as an aticipatory it
- it as an existential there
non- canonical vs canonical constructions
eg: passive vs canonical (structurally simpler)
extraposition
subject: it disturbs her that…
internal complement: I find it dissapointing that..
bare existential
there is god
they have no corresponding basic/canonical version
extended existential
contain an additional element:
- locative
- temporal
- predicative adjective
- hollow infinitival
presentational existential/clause
there + intransitive verb
there remains many problems
oracion predicativa
sujeto + verbo. Alan comió
oración presentativa
verbo + sujeto. Subió el dolar
semantic roles
- agent
- experiencer
- patient
- beneficiary
- goal
- source
- location
- instrument
tiempos absolutos
related to tense in spanish, those that have a direct relationship w the moment of speaking
(deictic)
tiempos relativos
related to tense in spanish, those that have an indirect relationship w the moment of speaking
(anaphoric)
types of situations - lexical aspect
static/dynamic
durative/punctual
telic/atelic
states
activities
accomplishments
achievements (logros)
aspecto morfologico imperfectivo
- progresiva
- iterativa
- continua
