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What is immunology?
A branch of biomedical science that covers the study of all aspects of the immune system in all organisms.
What must a pathogen do in order to cause disease?
1) Gain access to the body
2) Attach to and/or enter cells if its host
3) While in the body reproduce and avoid host’s immune system
4) produce harmful changes in the host
The ability of the body to ward off disease through defense mechanisms is known as what
Immunity
The body’s vulnerability to disease is called?
Susceptibility
Why is it essential to have an understanding of immunology?
To diagnose, treat, manage and prevent disease.
To conduct research to optimize immune responses to confront specific issues, ranging form infections to cancer.
What are the two types of diagnostic test that you will look for?
The agent causing the problem and/or the response
What is immune system?
The immune system is a network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from infection and other harmful substances.
The immune system prevents and limits the entry and effect of intruders to maintain optimal health.
What are the types of immune responses?
Innate immune response
Adaptive immune response
Immune memory
What is the innate immune response?
Defense mechanisms that present at birth
Always present and available
Occurs immediately, when circulating innate cells recognize a problem
Nonspecific
What is the adaptive immune response?
Specific immune response to pathogens once they have breached innate immunitys
What is the function of immune memory?
Follows the adaptive response, when mature adaptive cells, highly specific to the original pathogen, are retained for later use.
How does the immune system prevent disease?
Prevent entry of pathogens
Neutralize and remove pathogens after they have entered the body
Destroy body’s own cells that have changed due to an illness
Main organ involved in immune response is?
Bone marrow: It contains all the stem cells for all the immune cells
What are the two types of immune cells?
Myeloid cells and Lymphoid cells
What do Myeloid cells include?
eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, momocytes, dendritic cell, and macrophages
Lymphoid cells include?
B cells, T cells and Natural killer cells