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Microbiology > BacT lecture 7 > Flashcards

BacT lecture 7 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Gram-neg bacteria rods and cocci Nonfermenting, aerobic/ microaerophilic important Genera

A

Pseudomonas

Brucella

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2
Q

Describe Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Opportunist environmental microorganism
Highly antimicrobial resistance - nosocomial infections
All animals
Specifically in dogs- ear infections, UTI

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3
Q

Describe Brucella

A

Hard to grow in lab because it is a strict aerobes and grow very slowly
Facultative intracellular pathogen
Causes Brucellosis - affects organs rich in sugar erythritol
Causes infertility, sterility, mastitis, abortion
Carried asymptomatically

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4
Q

What are the 4 species of Brucella?

A

Brucella abortus - cattle
Brucella melitensis - sheep and goats
Brucella suis - swine
Brucella canis - dogs

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5
Q

How is Brucella unique?

A

Reproductive system and general illness
Survive in macrophages (Stops macrophages from lysing)
Zoonotic and some non zoonotic
Persists in several counties

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6
Q

Gram-neg bacteria Nonfermenting, aerobic/microaerophilic spiral shape and spirochette

A

Spiral shape
Genus Campylobacter

Spirochette
Genera Leptospira
Genera Borrelia

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7
Q

Most Campylobacter species are?

A

Pathogenic and can infect humans and animals

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8
Q

Campylobacter jejuni cause?

A

Gastrointestinal disease in many species

One of the main causes of bacterial foodborne disease in many developing countries

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9
Q

Genus Leptospira are?

A

Spirochete, gram- neg, pathogenic leptospires are included in species L. interrogans

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10
Q

Genus Leptospira cause?

A

Leptospirosis. It is in the urine of infected carrier animals

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11
Q

Genus Borrelia are?

A

Spirochetes, gram- neg

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12
Q

Genus Borrelia species example is?

A

Borrelia burgdorferi
Causes lyme disease (borreliosis) in humans and animals
Transmitted by ticks

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13
Q

Class Mollicutes are?

A

Contain no cell wall - no peptidoglycan
They are the smallest prokaryotic cells capable of self replication
Genera Mycoplasma and Ureaplama are the only with pathogenic species.

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14
Q

Genus Mycoplasma unique characteristics are?

A

Need special media and forms fried egg colonies.
M. pneumonia - walking pneumonia in humans
M. bovis -pneumonia and arthritis in cattle
Do not stain
Cannot use Beta Lactins antibiotics.

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15
Q

Obligate intracellular pathogens two genera of importance?

A

Chlamydia

Richettsia

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16
Q

Genus Chlamydia are

A

Gram-neg pleomorphic, obligate intracellular.

Energy parasites, do not generate ATP depend on host ATP

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17
Q

Chlamydophyla psittaci cause what?

A

psittacosis in humans and avian chlamydosis in birds and bovine abortion.
Zoonotic disease
Infect mucous membranes of respiratory and GI tract.

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18
Q

Genus Rickettsia are?

A

Gram-neg cocobacilli, obligate intracellular bacteria

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19
Q

Rickettsia rickettsia causes?

A

Rocky MT spotted fever in humans and in dogs

Vector is a tick

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20
Q

What are the two bacteria that have vectors?

A

Rickettsia

Borrelia

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21
Q

T:F There are more pathogenic fungi than beneficial.

A

False

There is more beneficial effects than harmful effects of fungi.

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22
Q

When are animal susceptible to fungi infections?

A

Suppressed immune systems

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23
Q

Which are more susceptible to fungi infections- animal or plants?

A

Plants

24
Q

What is the direct difference between fungi and bacteria in the cell type?

A

Fungi are Eukaryotic

Bacteria are Pokaryotic

25
Q

What is the direct difference between fungi and bacteria in the cell membrane?

A

Fungi have sterols present (ergosterol)

Bacteria sterols absent, except in mycoplasma spp.

26
Q

What is the direct difference between fungi and bacteria in the cell wall composition?

A

Fungi contain glucans, mannans, chitin (No peptidoglycan)

Bacteria have peptidoglycan

27
Q

What is the direct difference between fungi and bacteria in the metabolism?

A

Fungi are heterotrophs; aerobic, facultatively anaerobic

Bacteria are heterotrophic, autotrophic, photosythetic, aerobic, anaerobic, facultative anaerobic

28
Q

Fungi are saprophytes which mean?

A

They obtain nutrients by decomposing dead and decaying matter

29
Q

Pathogenic disease causing fungi are known as

A

Mycosis or Mycoses

30
Q

Fungi that produce toxins that cause disease are called?

A

Mycotoxicosis or Mycotoxicoses

31
Q

Classification of fungi based on morphology of the thallus is through?

A

Asexual structures are referred to as anamorphs

32
Q

Classification of fungi based on sexual reproduction through?

A

Sexual structures known as telomorphs

33
Q

Classification of the whole fungus is known as?

A

The holomorph

34
Q

The three classifications of fungi based on morphology are?

A

Molds
Yeast
Dimorphic

35
Q

Molds are?

A

Filamentous fungi from which is a vegetative growth of filaments

36
Q

Yeast are?

A

Single celled, cells that bud to form blastoconidia

37
Q

Dimorphic fungi are?

A

Fungi that exist in two different morphological forms at two different environmental conditions.

38
Q

What are the two morphological forms of dimorphic fungi?

A

They exist as yeast in tissue and in vitro at 37C and as mold in their natural habitat and in vitro at room temp

39
Q

Structures such as mushrooms consist simply of a number of filaments packed tightly together and reproduction is by?

A

asexual spores (conidia/sporangiopores)

40
Q

Conidia are produced in structures called?

Sporangiopores are produced in a structure called?

A

Conidiophores

Sporangiophore

41
Q

Fungal filaments are also known as?

A

Hyphae

42
Q

A mass of hyphae collectively make up the?

A

Mycelium

43
Q

What are the two kinds of hyphae?

A

Non-septate

Septate

44
Q

What is it called when yeast buds fail to detach?

A

Pseudohyphae

45
Q

What are the four classifications of mycosis?

A

Superficial
Cataneous mycoses
Subcutaneous mycoses
Deep/systemic mycoses

46
Q

Superficial mycoses are?

A

Outer skin layer - no immune response; caused mostly by yeast.

47
Q

Cutaneous mycoses are?

A

Epidermal layers - evoke immune response

48
Q

Subcutaneous mycoses are?

A

Chronic infection of subdermal tissue; may require surgical intervention

49
Q

Deep/systemic mycoses are?

A

Mostly originating in the lung caused by virulent dimorphic fungi

50
Q

Most common fungal infections are caused by?

A

Opportunistic mycosis

51
Q

The three most representative genera for fungal infections are?

A

Canadida albicans: Candidiasis
Cryptococcus neoformans: Cryptococcosis
Aspergillus sp: Aspergillosis

52
Q

Opportunistic mycosis in Candidiasis are?

A

Superficial or deep
Alimentary tract and IV catheters are sources for deep
Kidney, liver, spleen, brain, eyes, heart.
Risk factors long broad spectrum antibiotic use, chemo, corticosteroids, IV catheters

53
Q

Mycotoxicosis

A

Group of illnesses and disorders in HB and animal resulting from toxic secondary metabolites (mycotoxins) produced by some fungi species.

54
Q

Claviceps

A

Rye mold - contaminated rye produces ergot and leads to ergotism

55
Q

Aspergillus

A

Produces aflatoxin; which grow in many plant materials; low levels of toxin can be carcinogenic.

56
Q

Amanita

A

Poisonous mushroom

Microbiology (15 decks)

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