BacT lecture 6 Flashcards
Which is the non-sporing Gram-poistive bacteria that is not a species?
Listeria
What is Listeria?
Listeria momcytogens- a facultatlive intracellular bacterium that is a food born pathogen commonly in silage that causes septicemia, abortion, meninoencephlitis.
How does Listeria momcytogens evade phagocytes?
Through the use of actin filaments to travel through the cell (intimin)
What is the Gram-pos bacteria that causes diamond skin disease in swine?
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
What is Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae?
Gram-pos bacteria sine erysipela, septicemic disease, high mortality in turkey, Zoonotic, humans and dolphins.
What are the Mycobacterium?
Acid fast positive, Intracellular (factltative obligate parasites)
What are two species of Mycobacterium and what do they cause?
M. tuberculisis (humans tuberculosis)
M. bovis (bovine tuberculosis - induce granulomas)
M. avium subsp. avium (avian tuberculosis)
M. avium subsp. patatuberculosis -Johne’s disease (cattle, sheep, goats)
What does the lymph nodes look like from Mycobacterium?
Large and yellow in color
In M. avium subsp. patatuberculosis what does it cause and what do we think it may be connected to?
Known as Johne’s disease causes chronic granulomatous enteritis. May be linked to Crohn’s disease
Gram-negative rods are
Faculatively anaerobic
Family name Enterobacteriaceae
Important genera are Escherichia, Salmonella, Yersinia
Enterobacteriaceae
Gram-neg oxidase negative rods, ferment glucose, motile. Normal part of microflora in intestinal tract.
Which Enterobacteriaceae that is a lactose positive bacteria is used to evaluate fecal contamination?
Coliform bacteria (E. coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter)
Important faecal bacteria in public health
Coliform bacteria (E. coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter) Faecal Streptococcus and enterococcus
T:F the bacteria that are used as indicator bacteria of fecal contamination are harmful themselves.
False
They suggest that pathogenic microorganisms might also be present.
The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recommends the use of what bacteria because it is more human specific.
Enterococcus (even tho not Enterobacteriaceae)
What is the only pathogenic bacteria for family Enterobacteriaceae genera Escherichia?
E. Coli - some strains cause important disease of domestic animals
What are the frankly pathogenic bacteria generas of family Enterobacteriaceae?
Salmonella
Shigella
Yersinia
What are the mostly opportunists bacteria generas of family Enterobacteriaceae?
Klebsiella Proteus Serratia Enterobacter Citrobacter
What are the Gram-neg general virulence factors?
Endotoxin Capsule Siderophores Exotoxins Flagella Adhesion Factors: Fimbriae, pili, colonizing factors antigen
How are genus Escherichia E. coli characterized?
By the O polysaccharides components of the LPS and phagonistic capacity.
What are the main types of E. coli?
Enterotoxinogenic (ETEC) Enteropathogenic (EPEC) Enteroinvasive (EIEC) Enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) Extraintestinal pathogenic E. Coli (ExtEC)
What does Enterotoxinogenic E. coli cause?
Diarrhea in humans (travelers diarrhea) and neonatal colisepticemia in calves and pigs.
Why does Enterotoxinogenic E. coli only cause colisepticemia in young animals?
Receptors for adhesion are only present for the first week of life in calves and the first six weeks of life in piglets.
K88 (F4) - piglets
K99 (F5) - calves
What are some of the virulence factors for Enterotoxinogenic E. coli?
Two enterotoxins that are heat stable and heat labile toxins.
They are exotoxins and AB toxins
What is another name of the Enterohemorragic E. coli?
Shega toxin producing E. coli
Why is Enterohemorragic E. coli named Shega toxin producing E. coli?
It produces Shiga like toxins (verotoxins)
What does Enterohemorragic E. coli cause?
Edina disease in piglets
Hemorrhagic enteritis and Hemolytic uremic syndrome in humans
What are the two salmonella species we have to know?
Salmonella enterica
Salmonella bongori
Which Salmonella species has over 2500 serotypes?
Salmonella enterica subsp enterica
What is unique about Salmonella enterica subsp enterica?
The serotypes are named like species, but are actually not.
What are some host specific serovars of Salmonella enterica subsp enterica?
Salmonella dublin - cattle
Salmonella typhi - humans
Salmonella enteritidis- chickens & humans
What does Salmonella enterica subsp enterica cause?
Animals: septicemia and acute, subacute and chronic enteritis
Humans: principally gastroenteritis, enteric fever (typhoid) and septicemia
What is the difference in Salmonella typhoid and enteric
Typhoid is human only and is systemic disease of bacterial invasion of the blood stream.
Enteric is animal and humans restricted to intestinal tract from foodborne infection/intoxication
What are the three species of genus Yersinia?
Yersinia enterocolitica
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
Yersinia pestis
What is Yersinia enterocolitica known for?
It is a pathogen of both animals and humans causes gastroenteritis and other infections.
What is Yersinia pseudotuberculosis know for?
Mainly an animal pathogen - causes acute enteric disease
What is Yersinia pestis known for?
Causes Plague in humans, rodents and cats (Zoonotic)
What are the three forms of Plague?
Septicemic (infects blood) Bubonic plague (infects lymph nodes) Pneumonic plague (infects respiratory tract)
Which of the three forms of Plague is the black death
Bubonic plague
How does Yersinia pestis work?
Usually found in small animals and their fleas. Transmitted between animals and humans by the bite of infected fleas, direct contact, inhalation and rarely ingestion of infective materials
