CONSTRUCTION OF AN EXTENDED RESPONSE Flashcards
WHAT IS D.E.A.
D. Define the key terms, by giving their precise meaning
E. Explain the key terms, concepts, models or theories in relation to the scenario, including examples
A. Answer the command term in the question
AIM
reflects on what the researcher wants to find out
RESEARCH QUESTION
answerable inquiry into a specific concern or issue.
IV
what’s manipulated or changed, what’s being studied
DV
what’s being observed in the experimental situation (outcome factor or effect teh iv has on the behaviour).
EXTRANEOUS VARIABLE
a variable other than the dv that may cause change in dv or affect result.
POPULATION
ENTIRE GROUP OF RESEARH INTEREST
SAMPLE
part of the population that is selected for research purposes (those who participated in the study)
RANDOM SAMPLING:
ensures all member of research interest have a fair chance on becoming selected part of the sample e.g. from a hat or wheel.
ADV AND LIM OF RANDOM SAMPLING:
adv: free from researcher bias
STRARTIFIED SAMPLING
researching dividing sampled groups based on characteristics they share.
ADV AND LIM OF STRATIFIED SAMPLING
adv: allows us to sample specific groups
lim: time-consuming (expensive procedure)
CONVENIENCE SAMPLING:
Is a commonly used biased sample technique
e.g. asking ppl to volunteer via news paper article, Selecting people who walk past you in the school yard, Choosing participants because they are family, friends or classmates.
RANDOM ALLOCATION
PROCEDURE TO RANDOMLY ALLOCATE PARTICIPANTS INTO GROUPS
(TOSS A COIN, NAMES OUT OF A BOX)
WHAT ARE THE 3 SUBJECT DESIGNS?
Between, Within and mixed design
WHAT IS between SUBJECT DESIGN?
participants are randomly allocated in either the experimental group or control group. Each group completes the condition they are assigned, then results see if iv had an effect on dv.
ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS OF BETWEEN SUBJECT?
ADV: QUICKER
LIM: OFTEN NEEDS A LARGER SAMPLE
WHAT IS WITHIN SUBJECT DESIGN?
EACH PARTICIPANTS ARE IN BOTH THE EXPERIMENTAL GROUP AND CONTROL GROUP, EACH GROUP COMPLETE BOTH THE CONTROL AND EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS. THEN WE SEE IF THE IV HAD EFFECT ON DV.
ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS OF WITHIN SUBJECT DESIGN?
ADV: REQUIRED SMALL NUMBER OF PARTICIPANTS IN THE DESIGN BECAUSE ALL PARTICIPANTS ARE DOING BOTH CONDITIONS
LIM: POSSIBLY CAN GAIN PRACTICE ONCE DOING THE EXPERIMENT THE 2ND TIME
WHAT IS MIXED DESIGN?
COMBINES BOTH WITHIN SUJECT DESIGN AND BETWEEN SUBJECT DESIGN (BEFORE AND AFTER)
ADV AND LIM OF MIXED DESIGN?
ADV: Required small numbers of participants for the design
LIM: High rates of participants withdrawal
QUALITATIVE DATA
QUALITATIVE DATA IS INFORMATION THAT IS IN THE FORM OF DESCRIPTIONS, WORDS, MEANINGS AND PICTURES.
QUANTITATIVE DATA
QUANTITATIVE DATA IS INFORMATION EXPRESSED NUMERICALLY
PRIMARY DATA
PRIMARY DATA IS INFORMATION COLLECTED DIRECLY FROM SOURCE BY TEH RESEARCCHER FOR THEIR OWN SPECIFIC PURPOSE
SECONDARY DATA
SECONDARY DATA IS NOT INFORMATIO COLLECTED DIRECTLY FROM THE RESEARCHER BUT WAS COLLECTED AT AN EARLIER TIME BY SOMEONE ELSE.
SUBJECTIVE DATA
INFORMATION BASED ON PERSONAL OPINION, INTERPRETATION, POINT OF VIEW JUDGEMENT
OBJECTIVE DATA
OBJECTIVE DATA IS INFORMATION THAT IS OBSERVABLE, MEASURABLE AND FREE FROM RESARCHER BIAS
INTERNAL VALIDITY
results from a study are due to the variable being tested.
EXTERNAL VALIDITY
refers to results obtained from a study can be generalised to the population which the sample is drawn to.
SITUATIONAL VARIABLE
aspects of environment that may affect the participants behavior. e.g. sound of music, temperature or lighting.
