constipation & elimination problems Flashcards
1
Q
- for occasional constipation or irregularity
- can help lower cholesterol
- unabsorbed by intestines & swells become gel-like when water added
- AE: flatulence, bloating
- powder added to minimum 8oz liquid
- CI known intestinal obstruction or fecal impaction
A
psyllium (Metamucil)
2
Q
psyllium is a
A
bulk-formin laxative
3
Q
- lubricates fecal mass & slows colonic absorption waster from fecal mass
- effect 6-8h
- AE: abdominal pain, decreased absorption fat-soluble vitamins, decreased other drug absorption, flatulence, bloating, lipid pneumonia
- avoid in dysphagia pt, impaired consciousness
- best as retention enema
A
mineral oil
4
Q
mineral oil is a
A
lubricant laxative
5
Q
- prevention constipation w/ use of opioids, prevents need to strain to have a bowel movement
- AE: loose stool
- commonly used in pregnancy, cardiac pt, postop
A
docusate sodium (Colace)
6
Q
docusate sodium is a
A
surfactant laxative
7
Q
- relief of constipation & as part of bowel prep medical exams/surgery
- AE: abdominal pain, cramping, diarrhea, nausea, weakness
- effective 6-12h PO, 15min rectally
- CI undiagnosed abdominal pain, intestinal obstruction, fecal impaction, age <6yrs
A
bisacodyl (Dulcolax)
8
Q
bisadocyl is a
A
cathartic stimulant
9
Q
T/F: drink milk within 1h taking bisadocyl
A
F
10
Q
- rapid bowel evacuation needed
- increase osmotic pressure intestinal lumen causing water to be retained, resulting in distention of bowel leading to increased peristalsis & increased intestinal transit time
- CI known bowel perforation, GI obstruction, gastric retention, colitis
A
saline cathartics/osmotics
11
Q
- often prescribed for opt w. hepatic encephalopathy
- POm GI tube, retention enema
- AE: electrolyte imbalances
- pulls water into intestinal lumen, lowering blood ammonia levels, producing frequent soft stools
A
lactulose
