antibiotics Flashcards
1
Q
- used in tx or prophylaxis ineffective endocarditis
- useful in skin, soft tissue, resp, GI, GU infection
- broad spectrum
- cross sensitivity to cephalosporins & carbapenems
- make oral contraceptives ineffective
A
penicillins
2
Q
end in -cillin
A
penicillins
3
Q
- broad spectrum
- use for surgical prophylaxis, UTI, bloodstream infections, skin & soft tissue infections, intraabdominal infections, pneumonia
- 5 generations based on pharmacology & spectrum
- cross sensitivity to penicillins & carbapenems
- avoid alcohol 72h after taking
- be careful w/ diabetics
A
cephalosporins
4
Q
start with “cef-“
A
cephalosporins
5
Q
- broad spectrum
- used for severe bacterial infection
- 5-14 day use
- CI epilepsy
- CNS side effect
- cross sensitivity cephalosporins & penicillins
A
carbapenems
6
Q
- most commonly used for critical care patients
- used for intraabdominal infections, pneumonia, meningitis
- increased liver enzymes
- good for pt w/ severe allergy penicillin
A
monobactams
7
Q
end in -nam
A
monobactams
8
Q
normal AST
A
0-35
9
Q
normal ALT
A
0-45
10
Q
- often received in combo w/ other drugs for serious systemic infections
- last resort med due to complications
- category 2 (TB)
- nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity
- BBW: neuromuscular blockade or resp paralysis
A
aminoglycosides (gentamicin)
11
Q
- used to treat infections caused by bacteria
- used in serious conditions such as C. diff & MRSA
- ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity
- don’t give IM
A
vancomycin
12
Q
vancomycin can cause
A
red man’s syndrome
13
Q
T/F: red man’s syndrome is an allergic reaction
A
F
14
Q
- used in pt 18+
- category 2 (TB)
- last resort med
- AE: photosensitivity, CNS, hypoglycemia
- CI under 18 (tendonitis, tendon rupture, BBW), myasthenia gravis
A
fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin)
15
Q
end in -floxacin
A
fluoroquinolones
