Congenital TORCH infections Flashcards
What infections are included in TORCH screen?
Toxoplasmosis
Other - syphilis, varicella, parvovirus, listeria
Rubella
CMV
HSV
Acronym is outdated, as often all tests not performed e.g HSV PCR
When to investigate for TORCH organisms?
Transmitted trans-placentally or during delivery
pre-natally
post-natally
Pre-natally -
- Spontaneous abortion
- Premature birth
- IGUR
- Cardiac defects
Post-natal -
- Hearing defect
- chorioretinitis
- cataract
- petechiae
- pneumonia
- aplastic anaemia
- cardiac defect
- jaundice
- vesicular skin lesions
What other organisms can be transmitted vertically/ during delivery?
Viruses
Bacteria
HIV
HBV
Zika
GBS
E. Coli
Chlamydia
Gonococcal
Pregnant mother. Baby has IUGR/ defect.
What to test for?
TORC
Toxoplasma
Other - Parvovirus
Rubella - MMR history
CMV
Pregnant mother, with foetal loss
What to test for?
TORC
Toxoplasma
Other - Parvovirus
Rubella - MMR history
CMV
Post-natal, baby found to have abnormality.
Clinician asks for TORCH screen.
What should be tested?
TRC
Rubella - MMR history
Toxoplasma
CMV
- Booking bloods will also be tested for these
What are symptoms of congenital toxoplasmosis?
4Cs
Cerebral calcification
hydroCephalus
Convulsions
Chorioretinitis
Sequelae includes visual disablity, intellectual disability, epilepsy
Other symptoms -
jaundice
hepatosplenomegaly
pneumonitis
How is toxoplasma transmitted?
Mother -
Cat faeces
Raw meat
Unpasteurized milk
Transplacental transmission to foetus
How to diagnose toxoplasma infection?
Mother -
CT/ MRI brain
Serology - IgG/ Dye test
Foetus -
Opthalmology review
What are signs of congenital syphilis infection?
Hepatomegaly Jaundice Skin abnormality - saber shins Teeth - Hutchinson's teeth Saddle nose Frontal bossing Gummas Cranial nerve palsy
