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NYCC Visceral Pathology > Congenital, Inflammation & Cancers of the Penis > Flashcards

Congenital, Inflammation & Cancers of the Penis Flashcards

1
Q

What is hypospadiasis?

A

When the urethra comes out below the penis on the ventral surface

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2
Q

In hypospadiasis the urethra will come out on the (Dorsal/Ventral) surface of the penis?

A

Ventral

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3
Q

What is epispadiasis?

A

When the urethra comes out above the penis on the dorsal surface

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4
Q

In epispadiasis the urethra will come out on the (Dorsal/Ventral) surface of the penis?

A

Dorsal

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5
Q

Hypospadiasis is more common in what population?

A

Premature infants

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6
Q

What part of the penis is erectile tissue that fills with blood?

A

Corpus cavernosum

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7
Q

Hypospadiasis and epispadiasis can cause infertility (TRUE/FALSE)?

A

t

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8
Q

(Parasympathetics/Sympathetics) control an erection?

A

Parasympathetics

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9
Q

(Parasympathetics/Sympathetics) control ejaculation?

A

Sympathetics

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10
Q

What is phimosis?

A

Inability to retract the prepuce (foreskin) over the glans penis

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11
Q

What is the prepuce?

A

Foreskin

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12
Q

How does phimosis occur?

A

Incomplete apoptosis or preputial adhesion

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13
Q

Phimosis can be associated with a higher chance of malignancy with poor hygiene later in life (TRUE/FALSE)?

A

t

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14
Q

What is paraphimosis?

A

Inability for retracted foreskin to RETURN over the glans causing interruption of venous and lymphatic return leading to glans swelling

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15
Q

Paraphimosis can lead to what complications in the penis?

A

Venous and lymphatic obstruction resulting in glans swelling and strangulation

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16
Q

What is Peyronie disease?

A

Idiopathic asymmetric fibrosis of the penile shaft accompanied by a painful erector

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17
Q

Peyronie disease does not decrease fertility (TRUE/FALSE)?

A
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18
Q

22 year old male patient presents to your office complaining that us having difficulty during sex due to the curvature of his penis. He reports that his penis curves hard to the left and his erections are painful. He states that his angle of coitus is almost 90 degrees perpendicular to his partner upon insertion. What is the likely diagnosis for his condition?

A

Peyronie disease

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19
Q

What is balanitis?

A

Inflammation of the glans penis

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20
Q

What is posthitis?

A

Inflammation of the prepuce (foreskin)

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21
Q

Balantitis is a non-specific term for inflammation of the _____________?

A

Glans penis

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22
Q

Posthitis is a non-specific term for inflammation of the ________________?

A

Prepuce (foreskin)

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23
Q

What is the first part of the urethra?

A

Prostatic urethra

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24
Q

What is the second part of the urethra and where does it pass over?

A

Membranous urethra passing over the urogenital diaphragm

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25
Q

What muscles make up the urogenital diaphragm?

A

Levator ani and coccygeus

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26
Q

What is the third part of the urethra?

A

Spongy urethra

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27
Q

What is the fourth and final part of the urethra?

A

Penile urethra

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28
Q

How does herpes genitalis present?

A

Painful vesicles on the glands and/or shaft of the penis

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29
Q

What is the etiologic agent of herpes genitalis?

A

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) 1 or 2

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30
Q

Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV1) is primarily responsible for _____________ herpes above the belt line?

A

Oral

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31
Q

Herpes Simplex Virus 2 (HSV2) is primarily responsible for _______________ herpes below the belt line?

A

Genital

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32
Q

Herpes genitalis is caused by a (Virus/Bacteria)?

A

Virus

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33
Q

24 year old male patient presents to your office complaining of painful blisters on the shaft of his penis. The blisters are raised vesicles that appear to be fluid filled. The patient reports being sexually active and does not use protection. He also has a sore on his lower lip. What does this person likely have and what is the causative agent(s)?

A

Herpes genitalis caused by HSV 1 or 2

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34
Q

Herpes genitalis presents as _______________________ on the glans or shaft of the penis?

A

Painful vesicles

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35
Q

What is lymphogranuloma venerum?

A

Painless ulcers at the entrance of the penis caused by chlamydia trachomatic

36
Q

What is the etiologic agent of lymphogranuloma venerum?

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

37
Q

Lymphogranuloma venerum presents as ______________________ at the entrance of the penile urethra?

A

Painless ulcers

38
Q

Herpes genitalis is (Painless/Painful)?

A

Painful

39
Q

Lymphogranuloma venerum is (Painful/Painless)?

A

Painless

40
Q

Lymphogranuloma venerum is capable of spreading to the inguinal or other regional lymph nodes (TRUE/FALSE)?

A

t

41
Q

What is the number one STD in the US?

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

42
Q

What is the number two STD in the US?

A

Neisseria Gonorrheae

43
Q

What is the number one cause of infectious blindness worldwide?

A

Trachoma

44
Q

What is the etiologic agent of trachoma?

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

45
Q

Where does chlamydia trachomatis normally infect in the body?

A

Urethra

46
Q

27 year old male patient presents to your office with complaints on inguinal pain. The inguinal region appears slightly swollen and tender. When asked about any other symptoms, the patient notes the appearance of a large ulceration near his urethra which he didn’t think of as a big deal since it was painless. He is sexually active and does not use protection. What is the likely diagnosis and what is the causative agent?

A

Lymphogranuloma venerum caused by chlamydia trachomatis

47
Q

What signs and symptoms characterize primary syphilis?

A

Painless ulcer or chancre

48
Q

What signs and symptoms characterize secondary syphilis?

A

Maculopapular rash on the body

49
Q

Secondary syphilis presents with a _______________________ rash?

A

Maculopapular

50
Q

What signs and symptoms characterize tertiary syphilis?

A

Gumma
Tabes Dorsalis
Blindness
CNS Sx
Ascending aortic aneurysm

51
Q

What is a gumma?

A

Tumor-like granulomas throughout the body present in tertiary syphilis

52
Q

Where is an aneurysm most likely in a patient with syphilis?

A

Ascending aorta

53
Q

What is the etiologic agent of syphilis?

A

Treponema pallidum

54
Q

35 year old male patient presents to your office complaining of a rash on his body as well as a painful sore on his nose. The rash is raised and red and is throughout his body in a non-specific pattern. As for his nose, the mass is painful and appears to be eroding the tissue around his nose. When asked about his sexual history he reports sleeping with quite a few different partners and does not use protection, but in the last 7 months he has not had any sexual activity. The only scare he reports in that time period was a painless lesion on his penis that went away after a few weeks. What is the likely diagnosis and what is the causative agent?

A

Secondary-Tertiary syphilis caused by treponema pallidum

55
Q

A gumma is (Caseating/Non-Caseating)?

A

Non-Caseating

56
Q

What is ophthalmia neonatorum? What is the causative agent?

A

Neonatal conjunctivitis caused by Neisseria Gonorrheae

57
Q

What agar is used to detect Gonorrhea?

A

Chocolate agar (seriously)

58
Q

What is a chancroid?

A

Painful ulcer that progresses from a papule ——> Pustule ——> painful ulcer

59
Q

How is a chancroid spread?

A

Sexual contact

60
Q

A chancroid may spread via lymphatics and produce lymphadenitis (TRUE/FALSE)?

A

t

61
Q

What pattern of necrosis is present in a chancroid?

A

Liquefactive

62
Q

What is the etiologic agent of a chancroid?

A

Haemophyilis ducreyi

63
Q

25 year old male patient presents to your office complaining of a painful sore on his penis. He states that the sore started as just a red rash and has progressed to a raised lesion. He is sexually active and does not use protection. Needle aspiration of the lesion demonstrates liquefactive necrosis. The patient also reports some pain in his inguinal region as well. What is the likely diagnosis and what is the causative agent?

A

Chancroid caused by Haemophyilis ducreyi

64
Q

Most penile tumors are ___________________ in nature?

A

Squamous cell

65
Q

What is a genital wart?

A

Benign papilloma

66
Q

What is a papilloma?

A

Wart

67
Q

What is a Condyloma accuminatum?

A

Genital wart

68
Q

What is the etiologic agent of condyloma accuminatum?

A

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 6, 8, or 11

69
Q

What are examples of low risk strains of HPV?

A

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 6, 8, or 11

70
Q

Most HPV infections will not regress (TRUE/FALSE)?

A
71
Q

A pankeratosis is a histological characteristic of what penile condition?

A

Condyloma accuminatum

72
Q

What is a pankeratosis?

A

All cells within a genital wart are nucleated and alive with the stratum corneum obliterated

73
Q

What strains of HPV are oncogenic and predispose a female to ovarian cancer?

A

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 16 or 18

74
Q

22 year old male patient presents to your office complaining of raised lesions on his penis. He has been afraid to mention them for almost a year and finally decided to mention them today. The lesions are raised but not painful. A biopsy of the tissue shows a well differentiated lesion with the stratum corneum obliterated in the are. The cells are still alive and nucleated. What is the likely diagnosis and what is the causative agent(s)?

A

Condyloma accuminatum (Genital warts) caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 6, 8, or 11

75
Q

What is verrucous carcinoma?

A

Malignant neoplasm of the penis similar to squamous cell carcinoma with low metastatic potential

76
Q

What is Bowen’s disease?

A

Carcinoma in situ presenting on the shaft of the penis

77
Q

Bowen’s disease is carcinoma in situ presenting on the _____________ of the penis?

A

Shaft

78
Q

What is the etiologic agent of Bowen’s disease?

A

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 16

79
Q

What is the characteristic presentation of Bowen’s disease?

A

Erythematous flaky lesion

80
Q

33 year old male patient presents to your office complaining of a red lesion on the shaft of his penis. The lesion is red and flaky. A biopsy is perfomed and shows 100% cell dysplasia in the area. What is the likely diagnosis and what is the causative agent?

A

Bowen’s disease caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 16

81
Q

What is Erythroplasia of Queyrat?

A

Carcinoma in situ presenting on the glans of the penis

82
Q

Erythroplasia of Queyrat is carcinoma in situ presenting on the ____________ of the penis?

A

Glans

83
Q

What population is the Erythroplasia of Queyrat most common in?

A

Uncircumcised individual

84
Q

What is the etiologic agent of the Erythroplasia of Queyrat?

A

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 16

85
Q

29 year old male patient presents to your office complaining of a mass on the glans of his penis. The patient is devoutly religious and is uncircumcised. The glans of the penis appears ruby red. A biopsy is performed and there is 100% cell dysplasia present on the glans of the penis. What is the likely diagnosis and what is the causative agent?

A

Erythroplasia of Queyrat caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 16

NYCC Visceral Pathology (36 decks)

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