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NYCC Visceral Pathology > Congenital, Inflammation & Cancers of the Penis > Flashcards

Congenital, Inflammation & Cancers of the Penis Flashcards

1
Q

What is hypospadiasis?

A

When the urethra comes out below the penis on the ventral surface

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2
Q

In hypospadiasis the urethra will come out on the (Dorsal/Ventral) surface of the penis?

A

Ventral

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3
Q

What is epispadiasis?

A

When the urethra comes out above the penis on the dorsal surface

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4
Q

In epispadiasis the urethra will come out on the (Dorsal/Ventral) surface of the penis?

A

Dorsal

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5
Q

Hypospadiasis is more common in what population?

A

Premature infants

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6
Q

Hypospadiasis and epispadiasis can cause infertility (TRUE/FALSE)?

A

t

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7
Q

What is phimosis?

A

Inability to retract the prepuce (foreskin) over the glans penis

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8
Q

What is the prepuce?

A

Foreskin

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9
Q

How does phimosis occur?

A

Incomplete apoptosis or preputial adhesion

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10
Q

Phimosis can be associated with a higher chance of ____ with poor hygiene later in life

A

Malignancy

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11
Q

What is paraphimosis?

A

Inability for retracted foreskin to RETURN over the glans causing interruption of venous and lymphatic return leading to glans swelling

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12
Q

Paraphimosis can lead to what complications in the penis?

A

Venous and lymphatic obstruction resulting in glans swelling and strangulation

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13
Q

What is Peyronie disease?

A

Idiopathic asymmetric fibrosis of the penile shaft accompanied by a painful erector

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14
Q

Peyronie disease does not decrease fertility (TRUE/FALSE)?

A

False (may cause pain-induced infertility)

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15
Q

22 year old male patient presents to your office complaining that us having difficulty during sex due to the curvature of his penis. He reports that his penis curves hard to the left and his erections are painful. He states that his angle of coitus is almost 90 degrees perpendicular to his partner upon insertion. What is the likely diagnosis for his condition?

A

Peyronie disease

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16
Q

What is balanitis?

A

Inflammation of the glans penis

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17
Q

What is posthitis?

A

Inflammation of the prepuce (foreskin)

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18
Q

Balanitis is a non-specific term for inflammation of the _____________?

A

Glans penis

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19
Q

Posthitis is a non-specific term for inflammation of the ________________?

A

Prepuce (foreskin)

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20
Q

How does herpes genitalis present?

A

Painful vesicles on the glands and/or shaft of the penis

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21
Q

What is the etiologic agent of herpes genitalis?

A

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) 1 or 2

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22
Q

Herpes genitalis is caused by a (Virus/Bacteria)?

A

Virus

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23
Q

24 year old male patient presents to your office complaining of painful blisters on the shaft of his penis. The blisters are raised vesicles that appear to be fluid filled. The patient reports being sexually active and does not use protection. He also has a sore on his lower lip. What does this person likely have and what is the causative agent(s)?

A

Herpes genitalis caused by HSV 1 or 2

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24
Q

Herpes genitalis presents as ____ on the glans or shaft of the penis?

A

Painful vesicles

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25
Q

What is lymphogranuloma venerum?

A

Painless ulcers at the organism’s entrance point on the penis caused by chlamydia trachomatis

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26
Q

What is the etiologic agent of lymphogranuloma venerum?

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

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27
Q

Lymphogranuloma venerum presents as ____ at the entrance of the organism

A

Painless ulcers

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28
Q

Herpes genitalis is (Painless/Painful)?

A

Painful

29
Q

Lymphogranuloma venerum is (Painful/Painless)?

A

Painless

30
Q

How and where can Lymphogranuloma venerum spread?

A
  • Through drainage by way of lymphatics
  • inguinal or other regional lymph nodes
31
Q

Where does chlamydia trachomatis normally infect in the body?

A

Urethra

32
Q

27 year old male patient presents to your office with complaints on inguinal pain. The inguinal region appears slightly swollen and tender. When asked about any other symptoms, the patient notes the appearance of a large ulceration near his urethra which he didn’t think of as a big deal since it was painless. He is sexually active and does not use protection. What is the likely diagnosis and what is the causative agent?

A

Lymphogranuloma venerum caused by chlamydia trachomatis

33
Q

What signs and symptoms characterize primary syphilis?

A

Transient Painless ulcer (“chancre”) at point of infection

34
Q

What signs and symptoms characterize secondary syphilis?

A

Transient Maculopapular rash on the body

35
Q

Secondary syphilis presents with a ____ rash?

A

Maculopapular

36
Q

What signs and symptoms characterize tertiary syphilis?

A

Gumma
Tabes Dorsalis (reduced sensory from LE due to dorsal columns involvement)

37
Q

What is a gumma?

A

Tumor-like granulomas throughout the body present in tertiary syphilis

38
Q

What is the etiologic agent of syphilis?

A

Treponema pallidum

39
Q

35 year old male patient presents to your office complaining of a rash on his body as well as a painful sore on his nose. The rash is raised and red and is throughout his body in a non-specific pattern. As for his nose, the mass is painful and appears to be eroding the tissue around his nose. When asked about his sexual history he reports sleeping with quite a few different partners and does not use protection, but in the last 7 months he has not had any sexual activity. The only scare he reports in that time period was a painless lesion on his penis that went away after a few weeks. What is the likely diagnosis and what is the causative agent?

A

Secondary-Tertiary syphilis caused by treponema pallidum

40
Q

A gumma is (Caseating/Non-Caseating)?

A

Non-Caseating

41
Q

What is a chancroid?

A

Painful ulcer that progresses from a papule ——> Pustule ——> painful ulcer

42
Q

How is a chancroid spread?

A

Sexual contact

43
Q

A chancroid may spread via lymphatics and produce lymphadenitis (TRUE/FALSE)?

A

t

44
Q

What pattern of necrosis is present in a chancroid?

A

Liquefactive

45
Q

What is the etiologic agent of a chancroid?

A

Haemophyilis ducreyi

46
Q

25 year old male patient presents to your office complaining of a painful sore on his penis. He states that the sore started as just a red rash and has progressed to a raised lesion. He is sexually active and does not use protection. Needle aspiration of the lesion demonstrates liquefactive necrosis. The patient also reports some pain in his inguinal region as well. What is the likely diagnosis and what is the causative agent?

A

Chancroid caused by Haemophyilis ducreyi

47
Q

Most penile tumors are ____ in nature?

A

Squamous cell

48
Q

What is a genital wart?

A

Benign papilloma

49
Q

What is a papilloma?

A

Wart

50
Q

What is a Condyloma accuminatum?

A

Genital wart

51
Q

What is the etiologic agent of condyloma accuminatum?

A

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 6, 8, or 11

52
Q

What are examples of low risk strains of HPV?

A

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 6, 8, or 11

53
Q

Most HPV infections will not regress (TRUE/FALSE)?

A

F (most will spontaneously regress w/in 2 yrs)

54
Q

parakeratosis is a histological characteristic of what penile condition?

A

Condyloma accuminatum

55
Q

What is a parakeratosis?

A

Persistent nuclei within the stratum corneum indicating living cells throughout a wart

56
Q

22 year old male patient presents to your office complaining of raised lesions on his penis. He has been afraid to mention them for almost a year and finally decided to mention them today. The lesions are raised but not painful. A biopsy of the tissue shows a well differentiated lesion with the stratum corneum obliterated in the are. The cells are still alive and nucleated. What is the likely diagnosis and what is the causative agent(s)?

A

Condyloma accuminatum (Genital warts) caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 6, 8, or 11

57
Q

What is verrucous carcinoma?

A

Malignant neoplasm of the penis similar to squamous cell carcinoma with low metastatic potential

58
Q

What is Bowen’s disease?

A

Carcinoma in situ presenting on the shaft of the penis

59
Q

Bowen’s disease is carcinoma in situ presenting on the _____

A

Shaft of penis

60
Q

What is the etiologic agent of Bowen’s disease?

A

Human Papilloma virus (HPV) 16

61
Q

What is the characteristic presentation of Bowen’s disease?

A

Erythematous flaky lesion

62
Q

33 year old male patient presents to your office complaining of a red lesion on the shaft of his penis. The lesion is red and flaky. A biopsy is perfomed and shows 100% cell dysplasia in the area. What is the likely diagnosis and what is the causative agent?

A

Bowen’s disease caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 16

63
Q

What is Erythroplasia of Queyrat?

A

Carcinoma in situ presenting on the glans of the penis

64
Q

Erythroplasia of Queyrat is carcinoma in situ presenting on the ____

A

Glans penis

65
Q

What population is the Erythroplasia of Queyrat most common in?

A

Uncircumcised individual

66
Q

What is the etiologic agent of the Erythroplasia of Queyrat?

A

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 16

67
Q

29 year old male patient presents to your office complaining of a mass on the glans of his penis. The patient is devoutly religious and is uncircumcised. The glans of the penis appears ruby red. A biopsy is performed and there is 100% cell dysplasia present on the glans of the penis. What is the likely diagnosis and what is the causative agent?

A

Erythroplasia of Queyrat caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 16

68
Q

Bowen’s disease is often mistaken for what condition?

A

Fungal infection (won’t respond to fungal treatment - biopsy)

NYCC Visceral Pathology (40 decks)

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