Companion animal and equine vaccines Flashcards
pathogenicity?
ability to produce disease via an agent’s ability to produce toxins, enter tissue, colonize and spread from host to host
infectivity?
ability of an organism to enter; survive and multiply
virulence?
degree of pathogenicity, and relative degree of damage and invasiveness
primary pathogen?
disease results from presence in a normal host
opportunistic pathogen?
disease in a compromised host
infectious disease?
similar to communicable, contagious or transmissilbe
transmission?
mechanisms for getting an agent from source to host
Vector?
actively transmitting a pathogen from reservoir to final host. Often biological and often an invertebrate arthropod
formite?
an inanimate object that harbors/and facilitates pathogen spread immunity - resistance to infection
passive immunity?
transfer of active humoral immunity via from antibodies made elsewhere to protect an animal needing immediate protection
immunization?
given an immunogen in a controlled way (vaccination)to initiate or fortify an antibody response from an adaptive immune system
active immunity?
antibodies developed in an by the host’s immune system following immunogenic exposure from natural disease or immunization
seroconversion?
the development of the first-detectable, specific, serum antibodies in response to infection or immunization
Herd immunity?
a term from public health statistics and disease incidence monitoring to describe a populations overall resistance level against a disease. This highly influenced by vaccination rates
anamnestic response?
a heightened, quickly-occurring immunologic response elicited by a second or subsequent exposure to a specific antigen. Due to immunologic memory and ramped production of IgG
killed vaccine?
contains dead but immunogenic whole microorganisms destroyed by heat, chemicals, radiation of antibiotics
adjuvant?
addition of aluminum salts or gels to promote earlier and more potent and persistent response to the immunogen
MLV vaccine?
infectious components of whole-agent living organisms have been attenuated to allow immunogenicity but not pathogenesis (reduced)
sub unit vaccine?
immunogenicity derived from a protein fragment of the whole organism
Toxoid?
immunization via a bacterial exotoxin whose toxicity has been suppressed
Antitoxin?
a source of passive, hyperimmunity from an external source and passive sources to provide immediate attention
Valence?
number of genotypes in a single immunizing product
conjugate vaccine?
linking pieces of an agent, such as a sugar with a protein, to improve immune system recognition of the immunogen
Recombinant vaccine?
combining the dna of one microorganisms with the physiology of another to create better immunity against diseases with complex pathogenic processes
Anaphylaxis?
a systemic, severe allergic reaction
Antibody?
an immunoglobulin molecule that combines with the specific antigen that induced its formation
Antigen?
any substance that can induce a specific immune response, such as toxins, foreign proteins, bacteria, and viruses.
Avirulent?
the inability of an infectious agent to produce pathologic effects
bacterin?
a killed bacterial vaccine
monovalent?
a vaccine, antiserum, or antitoxin developed specifically for a single antigen or organism
polyvalent?
a vaccine, antiserum, or antitoxin active against multiple antigens or organisms; mixed vaccine.
perservative?
a substance, such as an antibiotic, antiinfective, or fungistat that is added to a product to destroy or inhibit multiplication of microorganisms
