ch 15. key terms

Question 1

Buffer?

Answer 1

A substance that decreases the change in pH, when an acid or base is added

Question 2

Colloidal?

Answer 2

a chemical system composed of a continuous medium throughout which small particles are distributed and do not settle out under the influence of gravity.

Question 3

Dissociation?

Answer 3

the act of separating into ionic components NaCl — ‘s and Cl

Question 4

Electrolyte?

Answer 4

A substance that dissociates into ions when placed into solution, becoming capable of conducting electricity

Question 5

Empirical?

Answer 5

Based on observation and personal experience

Question 6

Hyperkalemia?

Answer 6

An excess of potassium in the blood

Question 7

Hypernatremia?

Answer 7

An excess of sodium in the blood

Question 8

Hypokalemia?

Answer 8

A deficiency of potassium in the blood

Question 9

Hyponatremia?

Answer 9

A deficiency of sodium in the blood

Question 10

Hypovolemia?

Answer 10

Decreased volume of circulating blood

Question 11

Metabolic acidosis?

Answer 11

Decreased body pH caused by excess hydrogen ions in the extracellular fluid

Question 12

Metabolic alkalosis?

Answer 12

Increased body oH, caused by excess bicarbonate in the extracellular fluid

Question 13

Oncotic pressure?

Answer 13

The osmotic pressure generated by plasma proteins in the blood

Question 14

Solute?

Answer 14

A substance dissolved in a solvent to form a solution

Question 15

Total nutrient admixture?

Answer 15

A solution used for parential administration that contains amino acids, lipids, dextrose, vitamins and minerals

Question 16

Transcellular fluid?

Answer 16

Cerebrospinal fluid, aqueous humor of the eye, synovial fluid, gastrointestinal fluid, lymph, bile, glandular, and respiratory secretions

Question 17

Turgor?

Answer 17

Degree of fullness or congestion; describes the degree of elasticity of the skin