Comp review Flashcards
1
Q
What are the most important determinants of level in a spinal ? (Select 2)
a. Baricity
b. Dosage
c. Volume
A
a. Baricity
b. Dosage
2
Q
What changes happen during pregnancy ? (Select 3)
a. Increase fibrinogen and factor X
b. Mild low platelet from dilution and increased rate of breakdown
c. TEG
d. Prolonged PTT
A
a. Increase fibrinogen and factor X
b. Mild low platelet from dilution and increased rate of breakdown
c. TEG
3
Q
Image of pressure volume loops: select the one for aortic regurg
A
4
Q
Aortic stenosis results in what ? (Select 2)
a. Increased pressures
b. Concentric hypertrophy
c. Eccentric hypertrophy
A
a. Increased pressures
b. Concentric hypertrophy
5
Q
What cranial nerve is triggered by an oral airway causing gagging?
A
a. Glossopharyngeal (IX)
6
Q
What drug has orphan use for fibromyalgia, HIV, other pain things?
a. Capsaicin
A
a. Capsaicin
7
Q
What reflex has a venous response from increased volumes causing increased HR?
a. Bainbridge
b. Oculomotor
c. Celiac
A
a. Bainbridge
8
Q
How would you label a ruptured achilles tendon?
a. Time sensitive
b. Elective
c. Urgent
d. Emergent
A
a. Time sensitive
9
Q
What is the second most common cause of lawsuits from out of OR anesthesia?
a. cautery burn
b. hypoxia
c. awareness under anesthesia
A
a. cautery burn
10
Q
What is the most important factor for preventing local anesthetic buildup in the fetus?
a. Fetal acidosis
b. Fetal alkalosis
c. Maternal alkalosis
d. Maternal acidosis
A
a. Fetal acidosis
11
Q
What would cause a CVP waveform to have an absent A wave and enlarged C wave?
a. Atrial fibrillation
b. Vfib
c. sinus tachy
A
a. Atrial fibrillation
12
Q
Patient was in lithotomy and now has medial leg weakness and numbness. What kind of injury do they have?
a. Obturator
b. Lateral femoral
c. Femoral
d. Sciatic
A
a. Obturator
13
Q
T/F: The saphenous nerve is the only posterior branch of the femoral nerve and is sensory only.
A
True
14
Q
The posterior cord of the brachial plexus is what 2 nerves?
a. Radial
b. Axillary
c. Median
D. Musculocutaneous
A
a. Radial
b. Axillary
15
Q
What nerve is innervated by C6-C8 and T1?
a. Median
b. Ulnar
A
a. Median
16
Q
Most common nerve injury?
a. Ulnar
b. Radial
c. Common peroneal
A
a. Ulnar
17
Q
What kind of cell is responsible for acute inflammation?
a. Neutrophil
A
a. Neutrophil
18
Q
Which is not a H2 antagonist?
a. Diphenhydramine
b. Famotidine
c. Cimetidine
A
a. Diphenhydramine
19
Q
How many chiral carbons in a linear glucose molecule?
a. 4
b. 3
c. 2
d. 1
A
a. 4
20
Q
What is true about EtCO2?
a. It is 2-5 lower than PaCO2
b. It is 2-5 higher than PaO2
c. It is 2-5 higher than PaCO2
A
a. It is 2-5 lower than PaCO2
21
Q
What is true about epidurals?
a. They are volume based
A
a. They are volume based
22
Q
What side effect of Kava-kava?
a. Sedation
b. Edema
c. HTN
A
a. Sedation
23
Q
What is not true about crystalloids?
a. Transient improvement of vitals
b. Transient improvement of BP
C. Cause edema
D. Decrease GFR
A
D. Decrease GFR
24
Q
What is the side effect of valerian root?
a. Sedation
b. increase BP
A
a. Sedation
25
Patient has decreased FEV and other lung stuff. What is the most appropriate drug prior to induction?
a. Decadron
b. Neostigmine
c. Labetalol
a. Decadron
26
What Cranial nerve is the most susceptible to cranial nerve palsy after neuraxial?
a. VI
a. VI
abducens
27
Patent ductus arteriosus is what type of shunt?
a. Right to left
b. Left to right
b. Left to right
28
What does the ductus arteriosus connect
a. Aorta and Pulmonary Artery
a. Aorta and Pulmonary Artery
29
T/F: Foramen Ovale closes when LA pressure > R atrial closes, most infants still have it, 50% of children under 5 still have it, and 20-30% of adults.
True
30
Where is the most common Diaphragmatic hernia ?
a. Bodachecks posterolateral
31
Most common cause of morbidity and mortality of Tracheoesophagel fistula?
a. Aspiration
b. obstruction
c. pneumothorax
a. Aspiration
32
Pyloric Stenosis is a _____ and requires _____
a. Medical emergency, electrolytes normalized
a. Medical emergency, electrolytes normalized
33
How would you induce anesthesia for a epiglottitis kid?
a. Sitting
b. laying
c. prone
a. Sitting
34
What size ETT for a 1 year old
a. Answer was 5mm but rational had a 4 year old
b. Should be 3mm?
35
Asthmatic 5 year old 23 kg what kind of anesthesia. Recent URI and history of asthma. Surgery is for leg repair?
a. LMA 2.5
b. Answers for GETA were wrong 5.5 uncuffed, 4.5 cuffed
a. LMA 2.5
36
Size of aortic stenosis for severe
a. <1cm
a. <1cm
37
Which drugs can cause respiratory depression/arrest?
(select 2)
a. Fentanyl
b. Sevoflurane
c. Ketamine
d. Dexmetomidine
a. Fentanyl
b. Sevoflurane
38
What % of CO is atrial kick
a. 20-30%
b. 40%
c. 60%
a. 20-30%
39
How is CPP measured?
a. Aortic diastolic pressure- LV end diastolic pressure
40
Given Art line reading what can be measured under the wavelength?
a. MAP and stroke volume
a. MAP and stroke volume
41
Law of Laplace with increased wall tension you see ?
a. Increase in ventricular wall thickness as compensatory
a. Increase in ventricular wall thickness as compensatory
42
K+ out of the cells represents ?
a. Repolarization
b. Depolarization
a. Repolarization
43
Important cellular function of Calcium?
a. Acts as a second messenger
a. Acts as a second messenger
44
Question about baroreceptors
a. Impulses from the carotid sinus and aortic arch reach the medullary vasomotor center by the glossopharyngeal (IX) and vagus (X) nerves– TRUE
b. Valsalva can be used to test for autonomic stability → TRUE
c. BP least important thing baroreceptors react to → FALSE
45
What leads for inferior MI (pick 2?)
a. I
b. II
c. III
d. v1
II & III
46
What does the V wave indicate on an CVP waveform?
a. Atrial filling
b. Ventricle contraction
c. Ventricle relaxation
a. Atrial filling
47
List Propofol, Thiopental, Midozalam and Fentanyl in Contact sensitive half life order?
Longest to shortest
a. FTMP
48
CSHT for Opioids
Fentanyl, alfental, Sufenatil, Remifentanil ?
Longest-short
Fentanyl, alfental, Sufenatil, Remifentanil
49
For every 1 degree Celsius drop in brain temp CRMO decreases by ?
a. 6%
b. 7%
c. 10%
a. 6%
50
What med causes the greatest amount of coronary steal ?
a. Sodium Nitroprusside
b. Metoprolol
c. Propofol
a. Sodium Nitroprusside
51
Early sign of LAST ?
a. Tinnitus
b. Tachycardia
c. dyspnea
a. Tinnitus
52
Why are peds more resistant to succs? (SATA)
a. Faster onset
b. Higher Vd
c. Slower clearance
d. ED90 10x more
a. Faster onset
b. Higher Vd
53
What BIS is needed to prevent recall?
a. 80
b. 50
c. 30
a. 80
54
Parts of circle system? (Select 3)
a. APL
b. Reservoir bag
c. Oxygen analyzer
d. Y piece
a. APL
b. Reservoir bag
d. Y piece
55
What increases upper airway resistance? (Select 2)
a. Laryngospasm
b. Downward displacement of tongue
c. Changing from supine to lateral position
a. Laryngospasm
b. Downward displacement of tongue
56
What is dibucaine number is prolonged block for 8 hours with succs?
a. 20
b. 50
c. 80
a. 20
57
What will you see in PACU with LAST ?
(select 2)
a. Slurred speech
b. Skeletal muscle twitching
c. Hypertension
a. Slurred speech
b. Skeletal muscle twitching
58
Which two LA last the longest?
a. Bupivacaine
b. Tetracaine
c. Lidocaine
d. Procaine
a. Bupivacaine
b. Tetracaine
59
Uterine blood flow decreased due to increase in uterine vascular tone caused by ?
a. Endogenous catecholamines from stress
b. Compression on spiral arteries during contraction
a. Endogenous catecholamines from stress
b. Compression on spiral arteries during contraction
60
Which patients are at risk for hypothermia? (SATA)
a. Old people due to loss of fat
b. Acute intoxication due to vasodilation and impaired regulation
c. Pts. taking NSAIDs or something else
d. Ortho surgery of lower extremity
e. Neonates due to lower
a. Old people due to loss of fat
b. Acute intoxication due to vasodilation and impaired regulation
c. Pts. taking NSAIDs or something else
61
Mom starts hyperventilating this would cause an oxyhemoglobin shift to the ___ ?
a. Right
b. Left
b. Left
called Bohr effect
62
All are risk factors for PONV except?
a. Women
b. Smoker
c. Surgical duration
b. Smoker
63
Antiphospholipid pregnant person at risk for ? (select 3)
a. Venous and arterial thrombosis
b. Pulmonary embolism
c. Decreased a Cl levels
d. Cerebral infarction
e. Fetal loss
a. Venous and arterial thrombosis
b. Pulmonary embolism
d. Cerebral infarction
64
Arachnoiditis ? (select 2)
a. Old people at higher risk
b. Slow onset of permanent quadriplegia
c. Accidental injection of chloroprocaine with antioxidant and preservative into epidural space
b. Slow onset of permanent quadriplegia
c. Accidental injection of chloroprocaine with antioxidant and preservative into epidural space
65
Which nerve is monitored to recover/extubate safest?
a. Adductor pollicis
b. orbicularis oris
a. Adductor pollicis
66
Nerves arising from L3, 4, 5
a. Femoral
b. Obturator
c. Lateral femoral cutaneous
a. Femoral
b. Obturator
c. Lateral femoral cutaneous
67
What reads oxy and deoxyhemoglobin 1:1 and causes a sat of 85% ?
a. Methemoglobin
a. Methemoglobin
68
Electron transport chain occurs where ?
a. Inner membrane of mitochondria
b. outer membrane of mitochondria
a. Inner membrane of mitochondria
69
Full Oxidation of ethanol
a. Acetic acid
a. Acetic acid
70
Greatest heat loss in pediatric patient ?
a. Radiation
b. convection
a. Radiation
71
Heat loss comes from radiation, convection, evaporation and ___?
a. Conduction
72
What interferes with pulse ox reading ? (select 2)
a. Nail polish
b. Indigo carmine
a. Nail polish
b. Indigo carmine
73
What dye causes the greatest amount of interference with pulse ox ?
a. Methylene blue
a. Methylene blue
74
3 oscillations on your art line after flushing whats happening?
a. Underdamping
b. Overdamping
a. Underdamping
75
What do veins look like on ultrasound ?
a. Anechoic and compressible
b. Hyperechoic
c. Hypoechoic
a. Anechoic and compressible
76
T/F: Should stop smoking 4-8 weeks before surgery. If pt. Smoked 24 hrs before, enough time to eliminate carboxyhgb but still at risk for postop respiratory issues?
True
77
Minimum Aldrete score for discharge?
a. 9
b.14
c.18
a. 9
78
What does the aldrete score test?
(select 3)
a. Activity
b. Respirations
c. O2
d. BP
a. Activity
b. Respirations
c. O2
79
What is true of substantia gelatinosa? (select 3)
a. Contains C and A-delta fibers
b. Next to marginal layer
c. Contains WDR neurons
d. Senses mostly somatic nociceptive thermo something or other
a. Contains C and A-delta fibers
b. Next to marginal layer
d. Senses mostly somatic nociceptive thermo something or other
80
T/F: A- delta fibers are responsible for sharp fast pain?
a. True
81
(SATA) What is true of baroreceptors?
a. Carotid and aortic bodies respond to decrease in PaCO2
b. Carotid and aortic bodies response to decrease in PaO2
c. Respond to increases in CaCO2
a. Carotid and aortic bodies respond to decrease in PaCO2
b. Carotid and aortic bodies response to decrease in PaO2
82
What to expect with interscalene block?
a. Twitches of hands and arms
b. Phrenic something
c. Trapezius stimulation
a. Twitches of hands and arms
83
Most common nociceptor?
a. Polymodal mechanical heat
a. Polymodal mechanical heat
84
How to treat Laryngospasm in PACU? (select 2)
a. Succs 0.1mg/kg
b. Prop 0.5mg/kg
c. PPV
d. Succs 1 mg/kg
a. Succs 0.1mg/kg
b. Prop 0.5mg/kg
85
What is true/important with gastroschisis? (SATA)
a. Lack of amnion
b. Assoc. With multiple issues
c. Avoid hypothermia, infection, dehydration
d. Avoid HYPERthermia, infection, dehydration
a. Lack of amnion
c. Avoid hypothermia, infection, dehydration
86
What nerve for Adductor Canal block?
a. Saphenous
a. Saphenous
87
Which of the following best prevents transfer of drug from fetus to mom?
a. Fetal acidosis
a. Fetal acidosis
88
4 year old getting ankle surgery or something, 23 kg i think.. What is the plan?
a. GA w/ LMA 2.5
a. GA w/ LMA 2.5
89
What parts inside the machine/circuit can cause hypoxic mixture? (select 3)
a. Expiratory valve issue
b. Empty oxygen cylinder
c. Switched cylinders
d. Disconnected hose
e. Pipe gas switch
f. Check valve closed
a. Expiratory valve issue
b. Empty oxygen cylinder
c. Switched cylinders
90
What is NOT detected by infrared light
a. Answers were diatomic molecules like helium, nitrogen, oxygen
91
Which of the following maintain bone integrity?
a. Osteocytes
b. Osteoclasts
c. Osteoblasts
a. Osteocytes
92
What decreases uterine blood due to increased vascular resistance? (select 2)
a. endogenous catecholamine release from stress
b. endometrial spiral arteriole contraction
c. Bearing down during second stage of labor
a. endogenous catecholamine release from stress
b. endometrial spiral arteriole contraction
93
What is true about parturient physiology? (select 2)
a. Higher pain threshold during delivery
b. Decreased uptake of volatile anesthetics
c. MAC decreases up to 40%
a. Higher pain threshold during delivery
c. MAC decreases up to 40%
94
How long should surgery be delayed for a bare-metal stent?
a. 30 days
b. 3 months
c. 6 months
a. 30 days
95
How should the nasopharyngeal airway be measured?
a. Nares to thyroid notch
a. Nares to thyroid notch
96
What is considered moderate OSA?
a. 15-29 episodes of apnea/hr
b. 30+
a. 15-29 episodes of apnea/hr
97
Neurotransmitters that inhibit pain in the medulla and pons? (select 2)
a. Serotonin
b. Norepinephrine
c. Dopamine
a. Serotonin
b. Norepinephrine
98
Calculate first order kinetics
a. Use Ln(2)/ k
b. 30 hours i think, it was 2160 minutes
99
T/F: Poiseuille's law→ change in pressure is inversely proportional to flow rate?
a. False, directly proportional
100
Infrared Analyzers cannot detect?
a. Oxygen, Nitric, Xenon
a. Oxygen, Nitric, Xenon
101
What nerves arise from L2-L4
a. Obturator
b. Femoral
a. Obturator
b. Femoral
102
Downside to pressure controlled ventilation?
a. Inconsistent tidal volumes
a. Inconsistent tidal volumes
103
What is true about VCV?
a. Inspiratory flow set
b. Set tidal volume regardless of pressure
a. Inspiratory flow set
b. Set tidal volume regardless of pressure
104
Which of the following would increase ETCO2?
a. shivering
b. hyperthermia
a. shivering
105
What do you want to avoid in PNB?
a. Prolonged motor block
a. Prolonged motor block
106
Which of the following is not a sign of hypocalcemia?
a. Nausea and vomiting
b. Seizures
c. Confusion
a. Nausea and vomiting
107
After thyroidectomy, pt develops Chovekstic sign, what should be checked?
a. Serum calcium
a. Serum calcium
108
Haldane effect promotes?
a. Unloading of CO2 in high O2
a. Unloading of CO2 in high O2
109
How long on a tank of O2 do you have when you have 1000 PSI remaining and running at 5L/min?
a. 1 hour
660L/1900 x 1000= 347/5L
110
What is not seen in cardiac tamponade?
a. Increased stroke volume
a. Increased stroke volume
111
Which causes less stimulation, hoarseness, etc?
a. LMA
b. ETT
a. LMA
112
What is released from the adrenal medulla?
a. Epinephrine
b. Cortisol
a. Epinephrine
113
Which is a phenanthrene immediately reversed by naloxone?
a. morphine
a. morphine
114
Renin is directly responsible for what?
a. Synthesis of angiotensin I
a. Synthesis of angiotensin I
115
What enzymes is released from kidneys with a drop in BP?
a. Renin
b. erythropoeitin
a. Renin
116
Albumin ? (select 3)
a. Provides colloid osmotic pressure
b. synthesized in the liver
c. carrier for drugs that have lower water solubility.
a. Provides colloid osmotic pressure
b. synthesized in the liver
c. carrier for drugs that have lower water solubility.
117
What controls emotions?
a. Hypothalamus
b. Pons
c. Midbrain
a. Hypothalamus
118
What can assess your inspiratory oxygen? (select 3)
a. Galvanic
b. Polarographic
c. Infrared analyzer
a. Galvanic
b. Polarographic
c. Infrared analyzer
119
Corticosteroids block what for synthesis of prostaglandins (rate limiting step) ?
a. Phospholipase A2
a. Phospholipase A2
120
This drug is used for acute hypertension crises with pheochromocytomas ?
a. Phentolamine
b. Metoprolol
c. Nifidipine
a. Phentolamine
121
What increases gastric motility by lowering the threshold? (select 2)
a. Motilin
b. Gastrin
c. Secretin
d. Somatostatin
a. Motilin
b. Gastrin
122
T/F: The DISS is used to prevent hypoxic mixtures by attaching to cylinders?
a. False, PISS does this
123
Height difference for BP from arm to brain ?
a. 2mmHG per inch
a. 2mmHG per inch
124
What is a sign of dysfunction of cranial nerve VII ?
a. Unable to smile
b. Unable to open mouth
a. Unable to smile
125
T/F: Your patient has VC of >10mL/kg. Is this part of extubation criteria?
a. True
126
T/F: The Herring-Breuer reflex prevents overexpansion of the lungs?
a. True
127
CO2 waveform does not go back to 0 what’s happening?
a. Rebreathing of CO2
128
Midazolam and swallowing question ?
a. Can inhibit swallowing for up to 2 hours
a. Can inhibit swallowing for up to 2 hours
129
Preoxygenation can get rid of up to ____ % of nitrogen ?
a. 95
b. 80
c. 75
a. 95
130
T/F: Helium will be more dissolvable in 25 degrees versus 50 degrees?
a. True
131
What drug has the most potent alpha-1 agonist action?
a. Phenylephrine
b. Dexmetomidine
c. Isoproterenol
d. Dobutamine
a. Phenylephrine
132
What is NOT true about a piston vent? (Select 2)
a. Uses more oxygen - this because bellows use oxygen to drive bellows so if leak they use more oxygen but not piston
b. Supplies consistent tidal volume
c. Cannot cause barotrauma
d. Doesn’t use oxygen to drive
a. Uses more oxygen - this because bellows use oxygen to drive bellows so if leak they use more oxygen but not piston
c. Cannot cause barotrauma
133
T/F: Mapleson circuit D is the bains and delivers fresh gas near the patient and bag away from?
True
D= distal
134
Which are true about neostigmine? (select 3)
a. Can cause vagal stimulation so give with anticholinergic
b. Increases Ach
c. Ceiling effect, max dose of 70 mcg/kg
d. Prevents breakdown of acetylcholinesterase
e. Is a tertiary amine so crosses BBB and glyco must be given
a. Can cause vagal stimulation so give with anticholinergic
b. Increases Ach
c. Ceiling effect, max dose of 70 mcg/kg
135
What is forceful expiration after max inspiration?
a. Forced vital capacity
b. Vital capacity
c. FEV
a. Forced vital capacity
136
What increases SSEPs ? (select 2)
a. Ketamine
b. Etomidate
c. Propofol
d. Fentanyl
a. Ketamine
b. Etomidate
137
T/F: A-delta fibers control fast, first pain?
a. True
138
Potency of LA related to what?
a. Octanol solubility
a. Octanol solubility
139
Which of the following is least important in determining speed of onset of volatiles?
a. Fat
b. Muscle
c. Endocrine organs
a. Fat
140
Patient in on a MAOI and drinks wine and has cheese. What should you do first?
a. Check blood pressure
b. Check glucose
c. Chest temperature
a. Check blood pressure
141
Patient has a really severe history of difficult airway. What surgery would be most appropriate for a regional?
a. Ortho leg repair
a. Ortho leg repair
142
Which of the following (select 2) can cause main stem intubation?
a. Neck flexion
b. trendelenburg
a. Neck flexion
b. trendelenburg
143
What class of drugs is best for moderate permissive hypotension?
a. Beta blockers
b. Opioids
c. Hypnotics
a. Beta blockers
144
What is true of extrajunctional receptors? (select 3)
a. Gamma replaces epsilon
b. Pore opens 10x longer
c. Resistant to the nondepolarizers
145
Which of the following prevents electrocution?
a. None of the above
a. None of the above
146
Threshold for vib when shock on skin?
a. 100 mA → skin so its a macroshock
a. 100 mA → skin so its a macroshock
147
MAC case, pt. Responds to touch and is breathing spontaneously ?
a. Moderate sedation
b. Analgesia
c. Light sedation
a. Moderate sedation
148
Fill in the blank: the —----------- recommends —------ in the OR
a. National Fire Protection Agency, 25 rotations/hour
b. National Fire Protection Agency, 25 rotations/day
a. National Fire Protection Agency, 25 rotations/hour
149
Match oil gas coefficients?
a. Nitrous 1.4, Des 19, Sevo 49, Iso 91
b. Nitrous 19, Des 49, Sevo 1.4, Iso 91
c. Nitrous 91, Des 49, Sevo 1.4, Iso 19
a. Nitrous 1.4, Des 19, Sevo 49, Iso 91
Oil:gas = potency
150
T/F: End tidal CO2 is accurate in predicting tracheal intubation with 3 consistent breaths. It does not tell you bronchial intubation though?
a. True
151
Which stops all electricity leakage and protects the OR from shock?
a. None of the above - evidently theres always leakage
b. LIM
a. None of the above - evidently theres always leakage
152
What could you expect from your patient if you give 5mg of atropine instead of 0.4mg?
a. Postop confusion
a. Postop confusion
153
T/F: A common way to determine airway patency (something like that) prior to extubation is deflating cuff and checking for a leak?
a. True
154
Which of the following are long-acting LA? (select 2)
a. Bupivacaine
b. Tetracaine
c. Procaine
d. lidocaine
a. Bupivacaine
b. Tetracaine
155
Nose bleed is one of the cause of failed nasal fiberoptic intubation, what is other cause?
a. Foggy scope
a. Foggy scope
156
pH is 7.2 or something, which way does the curve go?
a. to the right
b. to the left
a. To the right
157
What does plasmin do?
a. Breaks down fibrin
a. Breaks down fibrin
158
Patient is found down and they have no breathing, cessation of ventilatory effort at passive end expiration, VT= FRC
a. Apnea
b. Apneusis
c. biot
a. Apnea
159
Bupivacaine vs Ropivacaine?
a. Ropivacaine has a higher TI
b. Ropivacaine is pure R isomer
c. Ropivacaine is more cardiotoxic than B?
a. Ropivacaine has a higher TI
160
T/F: Saphenous nerve is the only nerve that arises from the posterior femoral nerve and is sensory only?
a. True
161
Which of the following would indicate damage to CN VII (trigeminal) ?
a. Unable to smile on one side
b. Unable to open mouth against resistance
c. Unable to swallow?
a. Unable to smile on one side
162
Which arises from C6-T1 or something and runs along spiral groove of humerus?
a. Radial nerve
b. Median nerve
a. Radial nerve
163
What is first line for renal failure?
a. Loop diuretics
b. Thiazides
c. Osmotics
a. Loop diuretics
164
What is the cause of cervical tetraplegia?
a. Cervical hyperflexion
b. Cervical extension
a. Cervical hyperflexion
165
Which is least likely to cross placenta and cause fetal toxicity?
a. Chloroprocaine
b. Bupivacaine
a. Chloroprocaine
166
What is true regarding ester locals? (select 2)
a. Allergic to one ester means cant have any type of LA
b. They are broken down by butyrylcholinesterase
c. Cocaine is broken down by liver esterases
b. They are broken down by butyrylcholinesterase
c. Cocaine is broken down by liver esterases
167
What is not a cause of hypernatremia?
a. Coagulopathy
b. GI losses
c. Osmotic diuresis
a. Coagulopathy
168
What does flumazenil do?
a. Blocks GABA - A
a. Blocks GABA - A
169
What is the ideal gas law?
a. PV=nRT
a. PV=nRT
170
If ______ stays the same, Boyle’s law states that pressure and volume are inversely proportional.
a. Temperature
a. Temperature
171
The juxtaglomerular cells in kidney secrets what in response to decreased volume?
a. Renin
a. Renin
172
Which is from endothelium and causes vasodilation?
a. Nitric oxide
b. beta blocker
c. calcium channel blocker
a. Nitric oxide
173
How does pancuronium combat bradycardia from fentanyl?
a. Direct stimulation of cardiac muscarinic Ach
a. Direct stimulation of cardiac muscarinic Ach
174
Ratio of bicarb to carbonic acid in the buffer system?
a. 20:1
b. 1:20
a. 20:1
175
Which is a NK1 antagonist for nausea?
a. Aprepitant
b. Zofran
c. Reglan
a. Aprepitant
176
Which meds cause decrease glucose secretion, increase insulin sensitivity, increase peripheral uptake of glucose?
a. metformin
a. metformin
177
Which anticancer meds cause dose-limiting renal toxicity?
a. Cisplatin
a. Cisplatin
178
Tardive dyskinesia from antipsychotics will mimic which?
a. Dopamine
a. Dopamine
179
What would read as low ischemia on SSEP?
a. Hypothermia
b. Low MAC
a. Hypothermia
180
Which nerve innervates posterior 2⁄3 tongue, pharynx and anterior side of epiglottis?
a. CN IX - glossopharyngeal
a. CN IX - glossopharyngeal
181
T/F: Target of epidural LA is the ventral horn?
a. False → dorsal horn
182
What MP score can only see soft and hard palate?
a. MP III
b. MP II
c. MP I
a. MP III
PUSH
183
Question regarding the long thoracic nerve? (select 2)
a. Presents as scapular winging
b. Originates from C5-C7
a. Presents as scapular winging
b. Originates from C5-C7
184
Dibucaine number ?
a. Homogenous 20-30
b. Heterogenous atypical 40-60 (our notes say 50-60)
c. Remember Quality not quantity
a. Homogenous 20-30
b. Heterogenous atypical 40-60 (our notes say 50-60)
c. Remember Quality not quantity
185
MI within <3 months = 30%
MI within 3-6 months = 15%
MI within > 6 months = 7%
Risk factor for reinfarction occurence
186
The leftward shift of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve by hypocarbia is known as what?
a. Fick Principle
b. Bohr effect
c. Haldane effect
d. Law of Laplace
b. Bohr effect
187
Each of the following postoperative complications of thyroid surgery can result in upper airway obstruction except?
a. tracheomalacia
b. tetany
c. bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve injury
d. bilateral superior laryngeal nerve injury
d. bilateral superior laryngeal nerve injury
188
T/F:
In the OR electrical power is ungrounded, but the equipment is grounded?
True
189
T/F: ADH vasopressin is produced in the hypothalamus then stored and release by the posterior pituitary?
True
190
Coronary perfusion pressure equation?
CPP= DBP- RAP
normal is 60-80mmHg
191
CO increases by what % in the Third trimester?
a. 30-50%
b. 60-80%
c. 10-25%
a. 30-50%
192
Broken-down Heme porphyrin is converted into what?
Bilirubin
193
The greatest amount of lipid accumulation is where?
a. blood
b. coronaries
c. liver
c. Liver
194
Cryoprecipitate has the greatest amount of what 2 things?
Fibrinogen
vWF
195
Which device has the lowest probability of causing a laryngospasm?
a. ett tube
b. LMA
c. King airway
b. LMA
196
Renal failure does not cause what?
a. Pruritis
b. Diabetes
c. Anemia
b. Diabetes
197
Baby was last breastfed 2 hours ago, how much longer should procedure be delayed?
2 hours more.
4 hours total for breast milk
198
Which nerve is injured the most from a Thyroidectomy procedure?
a. recurrent laryngeal
b. internal laryngeal
c. hypoglossal
a. recurrent laryngeal
199
ARB drugs like losartan can cause what? (select 2)
a. upregulation
b. downregulation
c. increased circulating angiotensin II
d. decreased angiotensin converting enzyme
b. downregulation
c. increased circulating angiotensin II
200
MI noticed in leads V1 and V2 where is this location?
a. anterior
b. lateral
c. septal
c. septal LAD
201
Beachchair position for shoulder surgery, surgeon wants controlled hypotension, where would you place the level of the art-line ?
a. head
b. heart
c. shoulder
a. head
202
Pregnant Mother has risk of bleeding, labs were done what should the CRNA know about the results of the labs?
a. Several Increased factors
b. Risk of bleeding
c. Decreased fibrinogen
d. decreased platelets
a. Several Increased factors
203
Patient with pH 7.2, bicarb 24, Co2 60, what is patient in?
a. metabolic acidosis
b. metabolic alkalosis
c. respiratory acidosis
d. respiratory alkalosis
c. respiratory acidosis
204
Pregnant mother diagnosed with pre-eclampsia what can we assume with this patient in response to her diagnosis?
a. increased SVR
b. Increased CO
c. increased platelets
a. increased SVR
205
What does the C wave represent on a CVP monitor?
a. tricuspid valve open
b. tricuspid valve close
c. atrial systole
d. atrial diastole
a. tricuspid valve open
