COMMUNITY ORGANIZING AND HEALTH PROMOTION PLANNING Flashcards
Community health can only be achieved unless
the community health professional understands
the _______ of organizing a community.
dynamics
When we say ______, it is a force or properties that stimulate development or change within the system or process of
organizing a community
dynamics
○ brings people together to combat shared problems and increase their say about decisions that affect their lives.
Community Organizing
It has been defined as a process
through which communities are helped to identify common problems or goals, mobilize resources, and other ways to develop and implement strategies for reaching the goals that have been collectively set
Community Organizing
Take note that ________ is not a science, but it is an art of consensus building within a democratic process.
Community Organizing
○ occurs when people form their own organizations to provide long-term capacity to solve their problems.
Community Development
It is a process where community
members are supported by agencies to identify and take collective action on issues that are important to them.
It empowers community members and creates stronger and more connective communities.
Community Development
METHODS OF COMMUNITY ORGANIZING
LOCALITY DEVELOPMENT
SOCIAL PLANNING
SOCIAL ACTION
○ broad self-help method in which local citizens develop new skills and become more self-sufficient.
○ It is another way to get people to work together and it is a process of reaching a group consensus about common
concerns and collaborating in
problem-solving.
LOCALITY DEVELOPMENT
Example:
■ Local residents in urban
neighborhoods and rural
communities should cooperate
in defining local issues that they
encounter.
■ They need to have access to
job opportunities or better
education or acquire new skills.
They should take an action to
address this concern in such as
way that they develop new
skills.
■ Basket weaving; DA
(cooking); baking etc…
LOCALITY DEVELOPMENT
○ utilizes skilled volunteers in the
community in a technical process of problem-solving
○ It uses information and analysis to address substantive community issues such as education, child development, or environmental health.
SOCIAL PLANNING
○ It utilizes skilled volunteers in the community in a technical process of problem-solving.
○ might occur in a context of either consensus or conflict about goals and means within the community.
○ The use of________ helps build agreement and common results.
SOCIAL PLANNING
Example:
■ Doctors, nurses, medtechs &
other volunteer professionals
that will help the community in
setting their goals and
objectives, or even reviewing
the goal attainment.
■ Information about high rates of
adolescent pregnancy or factors that contribute to it, it may help
communities focus on the goal
of preventing teenage pregnancy and even on the use of sex education and enhanced
access to contraception.
SOCIAL PLANNING
○ technique that involves the redistribution of power and resources to disadvantaged segments of the population.
○ Social action involves efforts to increase the power and resources of low-income or relatively powerless/marginalized
people.
SOCIAL ACTION
○ These tactics are used in lots of
situations involving conflicting interests and imbalance in power.
○ They usually take place when
conventional organizations are not working.
SOCIAL ACTION
Example:
■ Advocacy organizations such
as those the disability rights,
tobacco control, or social
concerns (in cases of fire,
calamities)
■ In some cases must create
events such as protests or
strikes that those in the
position of power such as
employers can avoid/stop by
coming into an agreement.
SOCIAL ACTION
. THE PROCESS OF ORGANIZING A COMMUNITY
- RECOGNITION OF PROBLEM
- GAINING ENTRY INTO THE COMMUNITY
- ORGANIZING THE PEOPLE
- IDENTIFYING THE SPECIFIC PROBLEM
- DETERMINING THE PRIORITIES AND SETTING GOALS
- ARRIVING AT A SOLUTION AND SELECTING INTERVENTION ACTIVITIES
- DO THE FINAL STEPS IN THE PROCESS
FINAL STEPS IN THE PROCESS
- Implementation of the intervention activities
- Evaluation of results to reveal the degree of success.
- Maintaining or sustaining the intervention long enough to ensure success.
- Looping back to an earlier stage of the plan, if necessary
Health promotion/disease prevention program planning
○ Started in the ____ Surgeon General’s Report on Health Promotion, and
Disease Prevention.
1979
Primary Goal:
○ Basic understanding of program planning must be disseminated.
Health promotion/disease prevention
program planning
○ is “the continuum of learning which enables people, to voluntarily make decisions, modify behaviors, and change
social conditions in ways that are health enhancing.“
HEALTH EDUCATION
According to the Joint Committee on Health Education and Promotion Terminology, they defined the process of health education as any combination of
planned learning experiences based on sound theories that will provide individuals, groups, and communities the opportunity to acquire information and the skills to make quality health
decisions.
HEALTH EDUCATION
○ is “the aggregate (bits & pieces) of all purposeful activities designed to improve personal and public health through a combination of strategies.”
HEALTH PROMOTION/DISEASE
PREVENTION
Any planned combination of
educational, political, environmental, regulatory, or organizational mechanisms that supports actions and conditions of living conducive to the health of individuals, groups, and communities.
HEALTH PROMOTION/DISEASE
PREVENTION
Example:
■ Implementation of Behavioral
Change Strategies
■ Health Education
■ Health Protection Measures
■ Risk Factor Detection
■ Health Enhancement
■ Health Maintenance.
HEALTH PROMOTION/DISEASE
PREVENTION
○ a process in which an intervention is planned to help meet the needs of a specific group of people.
PROGRAM PLANNING
○ It may take a community organizing building efforts to be able to plan such intervention.
○ There should be a well-thought
intervention that will help meet the needs of a specific group of people.
PROGRAM PLANNING
○ is “intervention whereby individuals, groups, and organizations engage in
planned action to influence social
problems.
COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION
○ It is concerned with the enrichment, development, and/or change of social
status of the community.”
COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION
○ It is the part of a process that brings people together to collectively address
problems, concerns, or issues with the goal of enhancing self-determination, achieving greater equality, and affecting
a shift in power relationships, to benefit members of oppressed communities.
COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION
○ It is also a process by which a
community identifies needs and takes action and in doing so, extends and develops cooperative attitudes and
practices.
COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION
● The process of developing a health promotion
program, like other process of community
organizing or building, involves a series of steps
● The success of the program depends upon many
factors including the assistance of a professional
with an experience in program planning
CREATING A PROGRAM
is the first task in creating a health promotion/disease prevention program.
○ These are the procedural steps that are referred to as needs assessment.
○ The Needs Assessment is the process of collecting and analyzing information to
develop an understanding of the issues, resources, and constraints of the priority population.
Assessing the needs of the target population
those data that are collected
An example is having
those in a priority
population complete a
needs assessment
questionnaire about
their health behavior.
Primary Data
are the data that have
already been collected
for some other
purposes such as
health insurance claims
records.
Secondary Data
consists of some types of statistical analysis
assuming that the
appropriate statistical
criteria have been met.
Formal Analysis
more common means of
analyzing information
or data is an _________ referred to
as eyeballing the
data.
With this technique, program
developers look for the obvious differences between the health status or condition of the priority population and the programs and services available to close the gap between what is and what ought to be
Informal Technique
it is a future event in which a
committed endeavor is directed.
It is more encompassing and global than objectives.
They are written to cover all
aspects of the program.
They provide overall program direction.
They are more general in nature.
They usually take longer to complete.
They are usually not
observed and often not easily measured
Goal -
are the steps taken in
pursuit of a goal. They are more precise and can be considered the steps to achieve the program goals. Some goals are more complex than others so the
numbers and types of objectives will vary from program to program
Objectives
is a trial run, it is when the
intervention is presented to a few
individuals who are either from the intended priority population or from a similar population
Pilot Test
is done during the planning and
implementing processes to
improve or refine the program.
● Ex. Needs assessment
and pilot testing
Formative Evaluation
begins with the development of
goals and objectives and is
conducted after implementation
to determine the program’s
impact on the priority population
Summative Evaluation
the one who is already
involved in the program
Internal Evaluator
the one from the
outside of the program
External Evaluator
