Cognitive explanations of SZ Flashcards
name the two explanations that is in the psychological explanations of sz
social and cognitive explanations
Name the main feature of the social explanation for sz
Family dysfunction
Name the two theories suggested in the family dysfunction of social explanations
Double Bind Theory
Emotional expression
Name the two theories in the cognitive explanations
Meta representation (delusions)
Central control (hallucinations)
Family Dysfunction being a social explanation of SZ developing
What is the Double Bind Theory
describe the two messages given
The DBT suggests that symptoms of SZ develop when children receive contradictory messages from their parents
Parents verbally respond with one emotion and then contrastingly respond nonverbally with the opposite emotion
Explain why children develop sz symptoms due to the long term actions from DBT
Conflicting messages invalidate each other
Development of internal coherent construction of reality is prevented
Do not know how to behave because no actions are ever positively reinforced
Explain what emotional expression as a family dysfunction social explanation
Living with intense negative emotional expression in their environment creates stress
The criticism, hostility triggers symptoms of sz to develop in a genetically vulnerable person, as well as relapse
Explain what meta representation dysfunction is, as a cognitive explanation
what positive symptoms are explained
Meta representation is having the cognitive ability to reflect on our thoughts and interpret actions of others
Delusions and hallucinations are explained because people can’t recognise their thoughts and actions as being their own instead of someone else.
Explain what central control is, as a cognitive explanation
What could this lead to if you can Not suppress responses (not have central control
Central control is the cognitive ability to supress and override any automatic responses when doing a purposeful action
Result in disorganised speech
and derailment of thoughts, due to the inability to supress thoughts when triggered by a word.
AO3
Explain how the Double bind theory has a limitation of inconsistent findings, but what treatment was developed due to DBT, which is seen as a strength
The reliability of findings for DBT is inconsistent.
Findings showed that sz patients recall more double bind statements (receiving more conflicting messages from parents) in contrast to people without sz
But, other research found that no difference in family communication
However, a strength of DBT - led to the development of family therapy
AO3 Explain how the emotional expression in family dysfunction is affected by individual differences
Individual differences is a factor that emotional expression in family dysfunction, was not considered.
Different sz people have found to be more vulnerable to high emotional expression families
Eg. only some sz patients relapse in these environments, and others may not. But some sz patients not in low EE families still relapse
Therefore, some people can cope with it, others can’t
Suggests there are other factors contributing to the triggers of relapse, so it is reductionist
AO3 Explain a strength of Meta representation as a cognitive explanation, in relation to treatment
what does it improve
which treatment is it better than
Strength is the effectiveness of cognitive treatments, to help meta representation
Improvement of the severity of SZ symptoms and improves social functioning better than Anti-psychotic drugs
Suggests CBT is effective because it shows that faulty cognition (irrational thoughts) has a causal influence on developing SZ
AO3 Explain how Dysfunction of Central Control as a cognitive explanation of sz is supported with evidence
Research support for dysfunction of central control is from the Stroop test, found too the 30 SZ patients 2x as long to identify the colour and suppress reading the word, in contrast to the 18 control ppts
Demonstrates how sz indivs have a dysfunction of central control
