COGNITIVE APPROACH-Pozzulo et al (LINEUPS) Flashcards
state the psychology being investigated (terms)
-Memory and false positives
- Eye witness lineups in children
- cognitive and social factors in eye witness identification
What is the background
Pozzulo wanted to investigate whether children are able to give a false positives when the culprit is not present In a lineup for eye witness testimonies.
- this may be due to social factors rather than cognitive ones such as pleasing the authority figure
- the child may not view “no one as a response”
- the child may feel that they would get into trouble for not complying
What were the aims of the study
- To investigate whether children would give more false positives than adults
- To investigate the role of social and cognitive factors in line-ups on children performance as eyewitnesses
What were the 4 predictions that the aim was testing
> > Children will be as good as adults when identifying a target present line-up for cartoon
children will be worse than adults when identifying human faces in a target present lineup
Children will be worse than adults when identifying cartoon faces for a large absent line up
children will be worse than adults when identifying human faces for a target absent line-up
What were the 3 IVs of the study
-Age of participants (Child Vs Adult)
-Lineups (Target present or absent)
-Target (Cartoon Vs Human)
describe 4 features of the sample of children
-59 in total
-ages were 4-7 years with the mean age 4.98
-there were 21 females and 38 males
-From pre-kindergarten in Eastern Ontario Canada.
Describe 4 features of the adult group
-53 in total
-ages ranged 17-30 years
-36 females and 17 males
-Were all from the introductory psychology Participant Pool from Canada
What type of experiment was this
-Laboratory experiment
Describe the form they used on the participants and why they used it
The demographic and cartoon watching form.
- 8 questions
- questioned their age, ethnicity, how many per household etc
- how long they watch the 2 targeted cartoons
- to test their familiarity with the 2 cartoons
Describe the Human face targets and what they were doing in the videos
-a 6 second clip
-each target was shown for 2-3 secs
-filmed in colour
-muted
Male target- was wearing his coat and leaving his house
Female target- was brushing her hair
Describe the Cartoon face target
-6 seconds
-each target was shown for 2-3 secs
-filmed in colour
-muted
Dora- She was talking to the audience
Diego - Putting on a pair of gloves for safety
Describe the features of the foils for both cartoon and adult
- was in black and white
- All 4/3 foils shared similar characteristics to the targets e.g hair length
- pictures were displayed from the shoulder to up
- similar clothing
What were the participants told to point to when they believe the target is absent
A silhouette box
How was the procedure counterbalanced in Pozzulo
In all 4 line up tasks, the position of the target or its matching was counterbalanced
describe the 3 female researchers and describe why that clothing style was chosen
-Professional- casual clothing e.g blouse, dress pants
-Not overly formal as it may influence the children’s responses through social pressure as it could suggest authority