Coasts past papers 81-100 Flashcards
What is meant by ‘corrosion/solution’?(1)
Where sea water dissolves rocks (1)
Identify the best definition of mechanical weathering. (1)
A. Where rocks are broken down by physical factors in the environment.
B. Where rocks are eroded by activities of plants and animals.
C. Where rocks are protected from physical processes on a coastline.
D. Where the chemical composition of the rocks is changed
A Where rocks are broken down by physical factors in the environment.
Suggest two physical factors that affect the distribution of coral reef ecosystems. (4)
- Temperature (1) as coral needs a minimum
water temperature of 18oC (1) OR - Intensity of sunlight (1) as coral needs light to grow (1). OR
- Water depth (1) as coral needs shallow (depth of less than 25m) (1). OR
- Salinity (1) as coral can only survive in salty
water (1). OR - Latitude (1) increased amount of light/
temperature (1).
Are newspaper articles a source of qualitative or quantitative data? (1)
Qualitative
Identify the erosional landform. (1)
A beach
B cave
C sea wall
D spit
B cave
What is one advantage and disadvantage of using beach replenishment or sand dune nourishment as a coastal management system? (2)
These soft engineering approaches are more sustainable. (1)
Creating larger beaches will be popular with tourists. (1)
However, the beach will need constant replenishment. (1)
Also, the sand has to be physically transported to the site so having a negative environmental impact. (1)
How is a ‘stump’ formed? (1)
Stack attacked by wave action worn down over time to form a stump (1).
Is eroded rock a biotic or abiotic factor?
Abiotic
What is abrasion? (1)
Where waves pick up stones
which hit the cliff (1).
What is random sampling? (1)
Selecting a person to interview or site to measure, at random. This method is unbiased as particular people or places are not specifically selected.
What is meant by hydraulic action? (1)
Where the force of the waves hit the cliffs forcing air into cracks (1)
Identify a biotic factor that affects coastal ecosystems (1)
A Wind
B Plants
C Interception
D Temperature
B Plants
How can beach gradient be measured? [2]
Using a clinometer [1] the gradient at each change of slope can be measured [1].
How do coral reefs act as an important natural barrier for the coastline? (1)
They reduce the power of waves hitting the coast.
How can ‘hard engineering’ bring different opinions from different stakeholders? (2)
Visitors are less likely to appreciate the value of hard engineering techniques in ensuring coastal erosion is minimised. (1) Local people are likely to have positive view of hard engineering as it helps protect homes and businesses (1).
