2.4(c) Coastal fieldwork 4 - general skills Flashcards
What are the three measures of central tendency?
Mean, Median, and Mode
Name four ways in which data can be presented.
Graphs, Annotated photographs, Field sketches, Maps
What should be included in a fieldwork conclusion?
Return to the hypothesis and aim, identify supporting and contradicting evidence, describe links to geographical theories, acknowledge unusual results, state whether the hypothesis is supported
What type of graph is a population pyramid?
A type of histogram
What is a compound or divided bar chart used for?
To compare numeric values between levels of a variable such as time
What is a limitation of using maps in fieldwork presentation?
Maps cannot show changes over time
What type of data is best suited for bar graphs?
Discrete data
How is the range calculated in statistical analysis?
The range is the distance between the highest and lowest value in a dataset
What is a choropleth map?
A map which is shaded according to a pre-arranged key, where each shade represents a range of values
What kind of data is best represented by line graphs?
Continuous data
How can human error affect data collection?
Through mistakes in recording data or reading equipment
What is unique about the axes of a triangular graph?
It has axes on three sides, all of which go from 0-100
What should be considered when evaluating if the location was appropriate for the study?
Whether the location allowed for proper testing of the hypothesis and achievement of the study’s aims
What should be included in a field sketch?
Location/site number, title, and compass direction
Why is it important to consider the time of data collection in the evaluation?
Because weather or time of day can impact the results collected
What does a pie chart show?
Proportions, where the area of the circle segment represents the proportion
Name three potential issues associated with data collection.
Accessibility of sample sites, size of sample, duration of data collection
What is an example of an improvement that could be made to data collection?
Increasing the sample size or taking more measurements
In a scatter graph, should points be connected?
No, points should not be connected
What should be included in the evaluation of a fieldwork enquiry?
Identify problems and limitations of data collection methods, suggest improvements, evaluate reliability of conclusions, suggest how to extend the study’s scope
What is an essential part of any fieldwork enquiry regarding maps?
To show the location of features and sample sites
What is the main feature of a proportional symbols map?
The symbols on the map are drawn in proportion to the variable represented
Name three stages involved in data analysis.
Describe the data, identify highest and lowest results, identify patterns and trends
What are the two main types of data mentioned in the document?
Quantitative and qualitative data
What is the difference between reliability and validity in fieldwork?
Reliability refers to whether results can be reproduced in the same conditions, while validity refers to the accuracy of the measure and whether it represents what it’s supposed to measure
Name two strengths of using photographs in fieldwork presentation.
They provide an accurate record of the time and can represent things more clearly than numerical data
What is the purpose of analysis in fieldwork?
To make sense of the data collected by identifying patterns, trends, significance, connections and/or meaning in the data
What are anomalies in data analysis?
Results which do not fit the pattern or trend
How can the accuracy of river velocity measurements be improved?
By using a flow meter instead of a float
