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PHARM 204 > CNS part 4 > Flashcards

CNS part 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Gyri are

A

ridges

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2
Q

Sulci are

A

grooves

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3
Q

what is the largest region of the brain

A

cerebrum

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4
Q

what separates the 2 hemispheres

A

longitudinal fissure

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5
Q

what separates the frontal/ parietal lobes

A

central sulcus

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6
Q

what separates the temporal/ frontal/ parietal lobes

A

lateral sulcus

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7
Q

what is within the lateral sulcus

A

insula

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8
Q

what separates the parietal and occipital lobes

A

parieto-occipiral sulcus

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9
Q

conscious control of skeletal muscle

A

frontal

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10
Q

what lobe is the insula found in

A

temporal

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11
Q

where do we process olfactory stimuli

A

temporal

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12
Q

precentral gyrus is also called

A

primary motor cortex

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13
Q

what is the primary motor cortex made up of

A

pyramidal cells

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14
Q

what do pyramidal cells do

A

direct voluntary movements by controlling somatic motor neurons in the brainstem and spinal cord

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15
Q

postcentral gyrus is also called

A

primary somatosensory cortex

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16
Q

associated areas do what

A

integrate and understanding sensory of motor information

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17
Q

what allows for understanding of size, form, texture

A

somatosensory association area

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18
Q

what uses memories of learned movement to coordinate motor activities through the motor cortex

A

premotor cortex

19
Q

what visually recognizes and interprets objects

A

visual association area

20
Q

what recognizes sound

A

auditory association area

21
Q

what are the 4 association areas

A

somatosensory association area
premotor cortex
visual association area
auditory association area

22
Q

what neurons transmit info from outside

A

exteroceptors

somatic sensory neurons

23
Q

what neurons transmit internal organ info

A

internoceptors

visceral sensory receptors

24
Q

what neurons monitor the position and movement of skeletal muscles

A

proprioceptors

25
Q

tasks for motor control (4)

A
  1. idea
  2. program
  3. execute
  4. feedback
26
Q

lower motor neurons are

A

efferent neurons that originate in the ventral horn

27
Q

2 tracts descending from brain

A

pyramidal and extrapyramidal

28
Q

upper motor neurons

A

from primary motor cortex to spinal cord

29
Q

what is the pyramidal tract for

A

fine, discrete movements in extremeties

30
Q

where is the rubrospinal tract found

A

extrapyramidal

31
Q

central white matter bundles

A
  1. association fibers
  2. commissural fibers
  3. projection fibers
32
Q

arcuate and longitudinal fibers

A

association fibers

33
Q

anterior commissure and corpus callosum

A

commissural fibers

34
Q

internal capsule

A

tracts of afferent and efferent fibers

35
Q

what do projection fibers do

A

tracts that link cerebrum with diencephalon, brainstem, cerebellum, and spinal cord

36
Q

what makes up the brainstem

A

MO, pons, mesencephalon

37
Q

what percent of the brain is gray matter

A

40%

38
Q

what are basal nuclei

A

masses of gray matter inferior to the lateral ventricles

39
Q

general function of basal nuclei

A

subconscious control and integration of skeletal muscle tone
coordination of learned movement patterns
processng, integration, and relay of information from cerebral cortex

40
Q

subconscious adjustment and modification of voluntary motor commands

A

caudate nucleus

lentiform nucleus

41
Q

what does the lentiform nucleus consist of

A

putamen

globus pallidus

42
Q

what plays a role in the subconscious processing of visual information

A

claustrum

43
Q

what controls the cycles of arm and leg movements when walking

A

caudate nucleus and putamen

44
Q

what does the globus pallidus do when walking

A

adjusts muscle tone to prepare for walking

PHARM 204 (17 decks)

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