CNS part 4

Question 1

Gyri are

Answer 1

ridges

Question 2

Sulci are

Answer 2

grooves

Question 3

what is the largest region of the brain

Answer 3

cerebrum

Question 4

what separates the 2 hemispheres

Answer 4

longitudinal fissure

Question 5

what separates the frontal/ parietal lobes

Answer 5

central sulcus

Question 6

what separates the temporal/ frontal/ parietal lobes

Answer 6

lateral sulcus

Question 7

what is within the lateral sulcus

Answer 7

insula

Question 8

what separates the parietal and occipital lobes

Answer 8

parieto-occipiral sulcus

Question 9

conscious control of skeletal muscle

Answer 9

frontal

Question 10

what lobe is the insula found in

Answer 10

temporal

Question 11

where do we process olfactory stimuli

Answer 11

temporal

Question 12

precentral gyrus is also called

Answer 12

primary motor cortex

Question 13

what is the primary motor cortex made up of

Answer 13

pyramidal cells

Question 14

what do pyramidal cells do

Answer 14

direct voluntary movements by controlling somatic motor neurons in the brainstem and spinal cord

Question 15

postcentral gyrus is also called

Answer 15

primary somatosensory cortex

Question 16

associated areas do what

Answer 16

integrate and understanding sensory of motor information

Question 17

what allows for understanding of size, form, texture

Answer 17

somatosensory association area

Question 18

what uses memories of learned movement to coordinate motor activities through the motor cortex

Answer 18

premotor cortex

Question 19

what visually recognizes and interprets objects

Answer 19

visual association area

Question 20

what recognizes sound

Answer 20

auditory association area

Question 21

what are the 4 association areas

Answer 21

somatosensory association area
premotor cortex
visual association area
auditory association area

Question 22

what neurons transmit info from outside

Answer 22

exteroceptors

somatic sensory neurons

Question 23

what neurons transmit internal organ info

Answer 23

internoceptors

visceral sensory receptors

Question 24

what neurons monitor the position and movement of skeletal muscles

Answer 24

proprioceptors

Question 25

tasks for motor control (4)

Answer 25

1. idea 2. program 3. execute 4. feedback

Question 26

lower motor neurons are

Answer 26

efferent neurons that originate in the ventral horn

Question 27

2 tracts descending from brain

Answer 27

pyramidal and extrapyramidal

Question 28

upper motor neurons

Answer 28

from primary motor cortex to spinal cord

Question 29

what is the pyramidal tract for

Answer 29

fine, discrete movements in extremeties

Question 30

where is the rubrospinal tract found

Answer 30

extrapyramidal

Question 31

central white matter bundles

Answer 31

1. association fibers 2. commissural fibers 3. projection fibers

Question 32

arcuate and longitudinal fibers

Answer 32

association fibers

Question 33

anterior commissure and corpus callosum

Answer 33

commissural fibers

Question 34

internal capsule

Answer 34

tracts of afferent and efferent fibers

Question 35

what do projection fibers do

Answer 35

tracts that link cerebrum with diencephalon, brainstem, cerebellum, and spinal cord

Question 36

what makes up the brainstem

Answer 36

MO, pons, mesencephalon

Question 37

what percent of the brain is gray matter

Answer 37

40%

Question 38

what are basal nuclei

Answer 38

masses of gray matter inferior to the lateral ventricles

Question 39

general function of basal nuclei

Answer 39

subconscious control and integration of skeletal muscle tone coordination of learned movement patterns processng, integration, and relay of information from cerebral cortex

Question 40

subconscious adjustment and modification of voluntary motor commands

Answer 40

caudate nucleus | lentiform nucleus

Question 41

what does the lentiform nucleus consist of

Answer 41

putamen | globus pallidus

Question 42

what plays a role in the subconscious processing of visual information

Answer 42

claustrum

Question 43

what controls the cycles of arm and leg movements when walking

Answer 43

caudate nucleus and putamen

Question 44

what does the globus pallidus do when walking

Answer 44

adjusts muscle tone to prepare for walking