CNS part 2 Flashcards
2 layers of the dura mater
periosteal cranial dura (outer)
meningeal cranial dura (inner)
what layer is felt within the anterior fontanelle
periosteal cranial dura
space between the 2 dura mater layers
dural sinuses
dural septae are also called
dural venous sinuses
dural septae forms
falx cerebri
tentorium cerebelli
falx cerebelli
diaphragma sellae
what meningeal layer extends into the lngitudinal fissue
falm cerebri
what contains the superior sagittal sinus and inferior sagittal sinus
falx cerebri
what separates the cerebellar hemispheres from the cerebral hemispheres
tentorium cerebelli
what contains the transverse sinus
tentorium cerebelli
the falx cerebelli separates the
cerebellar hemispheres
what encases the pituitary gland
diaphragma sellae
what are channels between dura mater layers called
dural venous sinuses- like veins
superior sagittal sinus is
superior border of falx cerebri
inferior border of falx cerebri
inferior sagittal sinus
transverse sinus courses ___ with the tentorium cerebelli
laterally
arachnoid granulations are
projections in arachnoid mater with CNS whcih enters into venous circulation
where is the subdural space
between the arachnoid mater and meningeal cranial dura
where are traberculae found
subarachnoid space
the pia mater is anchored to the brain by
astrocytes
what helps anchor larger blood vessels to cerebrum
pia mater
BBB is made of
endothelial cells with tight junctions
4 regions in brain where the BBB is different from the rest of the brain
hypothalamus- hormones from pituitary
capillaries in pineal gland
capillaries in choroid plexus- fenestrated
capillaires in posterior lobe of pituitary gland
neurons have a constant need for
glucose
what needs to be lower in the brain, hence it is actively transported to the blood
glycine
colourless plasma, few cells, and low protein content
CSF
where is CSF produced
ependymal cells of the choroid plexus
circulation of CSF
choroid plexus of lateral ventricles to IVF to third ventricle to cerebral aqueduct to fourth ventricle through lateral aperture and media aperature
function of choroid plexus
remove water from blood and release it as CSF
most CSF flows into
subarachnoid space + small amount into central canal
how does CSF enter the circulation
via arachnoid granulations
venous blood leaves the brain by
internal jugular veins
arterial blood reaches the brain through
internal carotid arteries and vertebral arteries
circulatory disorders include
cerebrovascular diseases such as cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
neurons have an energy reserve T or F
F
high energy demand, no reserve- no myoglobin = dependent on delivery
traumatic brain injury (TI)
falls, blast, car accidents
concussion
can be mild or serious TBI
chronic traumatic encephalopathy
sports related trauma
dementia pugilistica = boxer’s dementia
epidural hematoma
skull fracture causing accumulation of blood between inner table of skull and dura mater
subdural hematoma
blood between dura and arachnoid mater
