CNS part 2

Question 1

2 layers of the dura mater

Answer 1

periosteal cranial dura (outer)

meningeal cranial dura (inner)

Question 2

what layer is felt within the anterior fontanelle

Answer 2

periosteal cranial dura

Question 3

space between the 2 dura mater layers

Answer 3

dural sinuses

Question 4

dural septae are also called

Answer 4

dural venous sinuses

Question 5

dural septae forms

Answer 5

falx cerebri
tentorium cerebelli
falx cerebelli
diaphragma sellae

Question 6

what meningeal layer extends into the lngitudinal fissue

Answer 6

falm cerebri

Question 7

what contains the superior sagittal sinus and inferior sagittal sinus

Answer 7

falx cerebri

Question 8

what separates the cerebellar hemispheres from the cerebral hemispheres

Answer 8

tentorium cerebelli

Question 9

what contains the transverse sinus

Answer 9

tentorium cerebelli

Question 10

the falx cerebelli separates the

Answer 10

cerebellar hemispheres

Question 11

what encases the pituitary gland

Answer 11

diaphragma sellae

Question 12

what are channels between dura mater layers called

Answer 12

dural venous sinuses- like veins

Question 13

superior sagittal sinus is

Answer 13

superior border of falx cerebri

Question 14

inferior border of falx cerebri

Answer 14

inferior sagittal sinus

Question 15

transverse sinus courses ___ with the tentorium cerebelli

Answer 15

laterally

Question 16

arachnoid granulations are

Answer 16

projections in arachnoid mater with CNS whcih enters into venous circulation

Question 17

where is the subdural space

Answer 17

between the arachnoid mater and meningeal cranial dura

Question 18

where are traberculae found

Answer 18

subarachnoid space

Question 19

the pia mater is anchored to the brain by

Answer 19

astrocytes

Question 20

what helps anchor larger blood vessels to cerebrum

Answer 20

pia mater

Question 21

BBB is made of

Answer 21

endothelial cells with tight junctions

Question 22

4 regions in brain where the BBB is different from the rest of the brain

Answer 22

hypothalamus- hormones from pituitary

capillaries in pineal gland

capillaries in choroid plexus- fenestrated

capillaires in posterior lobe of pituitary gland

Question 23

neurons have a constant need for

Answer 23

glucose

Question 24

what needs to be lower in the brain, hence it is actively transported to the blood

Answer 24

glycine

Question 25

colourless plasma, few cells, and low protein content

Answer 25

CSF

Question 26

where is CSF produced

Answer 26

ependymal cells of the choroid plexus

Question 27

circulation of CSF

Answer 27

choroid plexus of lateral ventricles to IVF to third ventricle to cerebral aqueduct to fourth ventricle through lateral aperture and media aperature

Question 28

function of choroid plexus

Answer 28

remove water from blood and release it as CSF

Question 29

most CSF flows into

Answer 29

subarachnoid space + small amount into central canal

Question 30

how does CSF enter the circulation

Answer 30

via arachnoid granulations

Question 31

venous blood leaves the brain by

Answer 31

internal jugular veins

Question 32

arterial blood reaches the brain through

Answer 32

internal carotid arteries and vertebral arteries

Question 33

circulatory disorders include

Answer 33

cerebrovascular diseases such as cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

Question 34

neurons have an energy reserve T or F

Answer 34

F

high energy demand, no reserve- no myoglobin = dependent on delivery

Question 35

traumatic brain injury (TI)

Answer 35

falls, blast, car accidents

Question 36

concussion

Answer 36

can be mild or serious TBI

Question 37

chronic traumatic encephalopathy

Answer 37

sports related trauma

dementia pugilistica = boxer’s dementia

Question 38

epidural hematoma

Answer 38

skull fracture causing accumulation of blood between inner table of skull and dura mater

Question 39

subdural hematoma

Answer 39

blood between dura and arachnoid mater