CNS Flashcards
Sensory input
Gathering information to monitor changes occurring inside and outside the body
Integration
To process and interpret sensory input and decide if action is needed
Motor output
A response to integrated stimuli
-Activates muscles or glands
CNS
-Brain & Spinal Cord
PNS (Peripheral nervous system)
Nerves outside the brain and spinal cord
-Spinal nerves & Cranial nerves
Subdivisions = sensory & motor
Sensory (Afferent) division
-Nerve fibers that carry information to the CNS
Motor (Efferent) division
-Nerve fibers that carry impulses away from the CNS (Physical response)
Subdivisions = semantic & autonomic
Somatic (Afferent)
Your 5 Senses (voluntary)
-Skeletal muscular
Automatic
Heartbeat, blood pressure, respiration, perspiration, digestion (Involuntary)
-Smooth & cardiac muscle
-Glands
Subdivisions = sympathetic & parasympathetic
Sympathetic
“Fight or Flight”
-Releases adrenaline and noradrenaline (emotion)
-Increases heart rate, blood flow to skeletal muscles
-Inhibits digestive functions (slows down)
Parasympathetic
“Rest & digest”
-Calms body to conserve energy
-Lowers heartbeat, breathing rate, blood pressure
Somatic (Efferent)
Skeletal muscular (voluntary)
Myelin
Increases speed message
Multineuron
-Most common in humans and are a major type in the CNS
-Motor neuron
-Were integration happens (interneuron/association)
Bipolarneuron
-have two processes an axon and a dendrite that extend from opposite sides of the cell body.
-These rare neurons are found in some of the special sense & eye
Unipolarneuron
-One process extends from the cell body and
forms central and peripheral processes, which
together comprise an axon.
-In the rest of the body
Schwann cells
Forming myelin (PNS)
Satellite cells
Protects soma (cell body)
Microglia = small, phagocytes-dispose debris
Ependymal = like cilia, circulates CSF (Cerebrospinal fluid) lines the CNS cavities
Oligodendrocytes = produces myelin (CNS)
Grabs the capillaries)
Astrocytes = star like
-Supports/brace
-Controls brains environment
-Form barrier between capillaries and neurons
Reflex arc
- Sensory neuron = unipolar (Afferent pathway)
- CNS (spinal cord) Interneuron = multipolar neuron
- Motor neuron = multipolar neuron (Efferent pathway)
