Bio Vocabulary

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

Structure/form of the body

Question 2

Physiology

Answer 2

Function of the body parts

Question 3

Levels of hierarchy in Human Body

Answer 3

Least inclusive
1. Chemical = atoms; smallest units of matter that participate in chemical equations
-molecules; 2 or more atoms joined together

2. Cellular = basic units of life
3. Tissue = groups of similar cells with common function (4 types)
4. Organ = composed of two or more types of tissues
5. Organ system = Related organs may be part of more than one system
6. Organism = the living individual

Question 4

Cranial cavity

Answer 4

Houses the brain

Question 5

VERtebral cavity

Answer 5

Houses the spinal cavity

Question 6

Dorsal cavity

Answer 6

Houses the CNS

Question 7

Ventral body cavity

Answer 7

Between the lungs
-Houses the visceral organs (gut)

Question 8

Mediastinum

Answer 8

Contains pericardial cavity (heart), trachea, esophagus, thymus gland

Question 9

Left pleural cavity

Answer 9

Houses left lung

Question 10

Right pleural cavity

Answer 10

Houses right lung

Question 11

Abdominal cavity

Answer 11

Houses digestive organs & is the largest hallow space of the body

Question 12

Pelvic cavity

Answer 12

Supports the urinary organs & reproductive

Question 13

Pericardial cavity

Question 14

Abdominopelvic

Answer 14

Consists of the abdominal cavity & pelvic cavity

Question 15

Principle of complementary

Answer 15

Structure depends on specific form
EX: Bones can support and protect body organ’s bc they contain hard minerals deposits

Question 16

Proximal

Answer 16

Close attachment
Ex: The knee is proximal to the toes

Question 17

Distal

Answer 17

Away from attachment
Ex: The fingers are distal to the shoulder

Question 18

Superior

Answer 18

The head is superior to the shoulders

Question 19

Inferior

Answer 19

The feet are inferior to the knees

Question 20

Posterior (dorsal)

Answer 20

Back
Ex: The shoulder blades

Question 21

Anterior (ventral)

Answer 21

Front
Ex: Knee caps are anterior

Question 22

Lateral

Answer 22

Away from the middle
Ex: Ears are lateral to the nose

Question 23

Frontal

Answer 23

Divides body into anterior & posterior

Question 24

Sagital

Answer 24

Divides body into right & left

Question 25

Transverse plane

Answer 25

Divides body superior & inferior

Question 26

Integumentary

Answer 26

(Skin)
-Forms external body covering
-Protects deeper tissue from injury
-Site of cutaneous receptors, sweat & oil glands

Question 27

Skeletal system

Answer 27

-Protects & supports body organs
-Provides framework for muscles to move
-Blood cell production
-Stores minerals

Question 28

Muscular system

Answer 28

-Allows for locomotion
-Maintains posture
-Produces heat

Question 29

Nervous system

Answer 29

-Control system
-Responds to internal and external changes
-Activates muscles and glands

Question 30

Endocrine system

Answer 30

-Contains glands that secrete hormones
-Regulates growth, reproduction, nutrient use

Question 31

Cardiovascular

Answer 31

-Transports blood
-Carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients & wastes

Question 32

Lymphatic/immunity system

Answer 32

-Disposes of debris in lymphatic stream
-Houses white blood cells
-Attacks against foreign substances

Question 33

Respiratory system

Answer 33

-Supplies blood with oxygen
-Removes carbon dioxide

Question 34

Digestive

Answer 34

-Breaks down food
-Absorbs nutrients
-Eliminates indigestibles as feces

Question 35

Urinary

Answer 35

-Eliminates nitrogenous wastes
-Regulates water, electrolytes, and pH

Question 36

Reproductive system male & female

Answer 36

-Production of offspring
– sperm and male hormones

Production of offspring
-eggs and female hormones
-Contains site for fertilization and fetus development.
-Produce milk