Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Master PA Deck > CM: Derm - Skin (Systemic and fungal) Infections > Flashcards

CM: Derm - Skin (Systemic and fungal) Infections Flashcards

1
Q

Roseola (Other names)

A

Exanthem subitum or sixth disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Roseola (cause)

A

Human herpesvirus (HHV-6)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Roseola (symptoms)

A

Sudden high fever lasting 3-5 days followed by an erythematous (morbilliform) maculopapular rash that begins on the trunk and spreads to the neck and legs lasting hours to days. No other symptoms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Roseola (population)

A

Children 6 months to 4 years, most commonly under age 2 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Rubeola (other names)

A

Measles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Rubeola (symptoms)

A

Fever accompanied cough, coryza (stuffy nose), conjunctivitis followed by a maculopapular rash that begins on the head and spreads to the trunk and extremities. May experience extreme lethargy, weakness, decreased appetite, difficulty breathing, and periocular edema.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Rubeola (unique characteristics)

A
  1. Koplik spots 2. Rash begins at hairline/ears and spreads head to toe 3. Rash leaves faint-brown stain after fading around day 6
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Koplik spots

A

2 to 3 mm gray-white raised lesions on erythematous base of the buccal mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Rubeola (communicated)

A

Airborne, often inhaled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Varicella (other names)

A

Chickenpox, shingles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Varicella (cause)

A

varicella-zoster virus (VZV) (HHV-3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Varicella (shingles development)

A

Virus remains dormant in basal root ganglia until activated during a period of immunosuppression. Presents as neuropathic pain then rash that follows dermatomal patterns.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Varicella (rash cycle)

A

Rash evolves from papular (hard to see) to vesicular. Vesicles only last 4-6 hours before becoming pustular and rupturing to form a crust. Crust disappears in about 2 weeks.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Varicella (shingles unique characteristics)

A

Rash follows dermatomal lines (likely one sided)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Varicella (symptoms)

A

Fever, rash, headache, fatigue, loss of appetite, itching, sore throat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease (cause)

A

Coxsakievirus A16

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease (communication)

A

Direct contact with body fluid (virus contained in saliva, tears and blister fluid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease (Treatment)

A

Only supportive care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Varicella (Treatment)

A

Anti-viral medication, supportive care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease (symptoms)

A

Rash with vesicle lesions in the mouth (on the tongue and anywhere in the oral mucosa), palms of hands and feet Pain in lesions with older patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease (immunity)

A

Immunity is developed with first exposure, will not reoccur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Fifth’s Disease (Name)

A

Erythema infectiosum, slapped-cheek disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Fifth’s Disease (cause)

A

Parvovirus B19

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Fifth’s Disease (population)

A

predominantly children 5-15 years old during winter and spring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Fifth’s Disease (transmission)

A

Respiratory secretions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Fifth’s Disease (symptoms)

A

Fever, respiratory symptoms and rash with “slapped cheek” appearance (fiery red maculopapular rash). Lesions will be warm and sometimes pruritic. Lesions will appear of extensor surface of extremities in 1-2 days and will involve the trunk, neck and buttocks. Palms/soles will be spared rash.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Fifth’s Disease (unique characteristics)

A

Extremely dangerous to pregnant women; can cause fetus to develop hemolytic anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Fifth’s Disease (complications)

A

Can cause the development of hemolytic anemia in children and fetuses Can cause development of arthritis in adults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Fifth’s Disease (immunity)

A

Immunity is developed with first exposure, will not reoccur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Fifth’s Disease (diagnosis)

A

Elevated IgM anti-parvovirus antibody

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Impetigo (causes)

A

Staph. aureus or group A Strep. pyogenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Impetigo (treatment)

A

systemic antibiotics and topical antibiotics, gentle debridement of crusts using antibacterial soap and HOT water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Impetigo (symptoms)

A

Honey colored crust, little to no pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Erysipelas (other names)

A

St. Anthony’s fire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Erysipelas (cause)

A

Strep. A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Erysipelas (treatment)

A

Often need admission and IV antibiotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Erysipelas (symptoms)

A

Edema, induration (palpable swelling), erythematic (looks like a burn), no distinct edges, enlarged lymph node

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Erythrasma (cause)

A

Corynebacterium species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Erythrasma (diagnosis)

A

Coral-red fluorescence under Wood’s Lamp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Erythrasma (symptoms)

A

well-demarcated light brown to red-pigmented patch in hair-bearing or intertriginous areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Erythrasma (treatment)

A

topical antibiotic (most common: clindamycin)

42
Q

Lyme Disease (cause)

A

Borrelia burdorferi (spirochete)

43
Q

Rocky Mountain spotted fever (cause)

A

Rickettsia rickettsii (Gram negative, coccobacilli/short bacilli)

44
Q

Lyme Disease (cause host)

A

White-tailed deer host the adult tick, white footed mouse host larval and nymph stage

45
Q

Lyme Disease (disease cycle)

A

Tick injects spirochetes into bloodstream. 3-32 days after tick bite, spirochetes replicate and migrate outward to skin, gives the erythema migrans “look” (targetoid rings)

46
Q

Lyme Disease (unique characteristics)

A

erythematous nodule with marked inflammation and a punctate center (targetoid lesion)

47
Q

Rocky Mountain spotted fever (symptoms)

A

Triad: tick bite, fever, rash (very uncommon)

48
Q

Rocky Mountain spotted fever (rash cycle)

A

small pink macules that blanch - deep red papules that do not blanch - hemorrhagic papules/macules

49
Q

EM

A

Erythema multiforme (bacterial)

50
Q

TENS

A

Toxic epidermal necrolysis syndrome (bacterial)

51
Q

SJS

A

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (bacterial)

52
Q

SSSS

A

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (bacterial)

53
Q

SSSS (unique characteristic)

A

Never involves the mucous membranes

54
Q

EM (complications)

A

Can develop into TENS/SJS at any time

55
Q

EM (Cause)

A

Drugs or viruses but can also be idiopathic

56
Q

SJS (Rash cycle)

A

Starts with vesicles that look like target lesions but crust in the center. Before lesions progress, a very small vesicle forms then the fluid of vesicle will rupture and form a crust. During this time, the patient will complain of their skin hurting.

57
Q

SJS (Treatment)

A

Lamictal or Bactrim

58
Q

TENS (Unique characteristics)

A

More severe form of SJS that is classified by amout of body surface involvement 90% mortality rate

59
Q

TENS (symptoms)

A

Niklosky sign, desquamation of skin

60
Q

Niklosky sign

A

Skin finding in which the top layers of the skin slip away from the lower layers when rubbed

61
Q

SSSS (cause)

A

Staph. aureus

62
Q

SSSS (disease cycle)

A

Staph. aureus produces an exfoliative exotoxin (Exotoxin A&B). The serine proteases bind to the cell adhesion molecules and causes epidermolysis at the stratum corneum and stratum granulosum junction.

63
Q

SSSS (population)

A

Newborns to 2-6 years (common in neonatal period)

64
Q

Tinea Corporis (cause)

A

overgrowth of fungi that thrive on skin keratinocytes located on body

65
Q

Tinea Cruris (other names)

66
Q

Tinea Capitis (symptoms)

A

itchy scalp with patchy hair loss (though hair loss not required)

67
Q

Tinea capitis (diagnosis)

A

pull hair from the center of the area of alopecia and lay hair in culture medium. The bulb of the hair contains greatest fungal yield

68
Q

Tinea pedis (other names)

A

athlete’s foot

69
Q

Tinea pedis (three types)

A
  1. Plantar mocassin type 2. Interdigital type 3. Vesiculobullis type
70
Q

Tinea pedis (Vesiculobullis characteristics)

A

Most rare, secondary to aggressive T cell response to fungal elements, blisters and bullae

71
Q

Tinea pedis (Interdigital characteristics)

A

Most common between D4 and D5. If maceration is present, likely fungal infection even if other symptoms are missing.

72
Q

Tinea Manuum (other names)

A

two foot one hand disease

73
Q

Tinea Manuum (symptoms)

A

rash uniformly on one hand (and commonly on feet, particularly between toes and on soles)

74
Q

Tinea versicolor (other names)

A

pityriasis versicolor

75
Q

Tinea versicolor (cause)

A

Malassezia furfur (normal flora that overgrows) interferes with melanocyte function due to overreaction of immune system

76
Q

Tinea versicolor (symptoms)

A

hypopigmented oval patches located on the chest, neck and back

77
Q

Tinea versicolor (treatment)

A

UV light (improves pigmentation)

78
Q

Tinea versicolor (diagnosis)

A

KOH (sodium hydroxide test) will appear as broad hyphae with budding clusters of cells

79
Q

Tinea versicolor (unique characteristics)

A

“spaghetti and meatballs” appearance on KOH

80
Q

Candidiasis (other names)

81
Q

Candidiasis (cause)

A

overgrowth of normal yeast (commonly Candida Albicans) flora

82
Q

Candidiasis (symptoms)

A

Beefy red rash with multiple satellite regions commonly in the groin, axilla, underneath breasts and between abdominal flaps

83
Q

Candidiasis (diagnosis)

A

KOH shows pseudo hyphae fee with budding spores

84
Q

Onychomycosis (cause)

A

Fungal elements invade keratin of nail itself and remains there

85
Q

Tinea capitis (treatment)

A

Must be treated with oral anti-fungal medication

86
Q

Onychomycosis (unique characteristics)

A

If infecting fingernails, generally involves all ten. If infecting foot, can involve just one or two.

87
Q

Onychomycosis (treatment)

A

Topical antifungal; if in the foot, treat tinea pedis first then onychomycosis

88
Q
89
Q
90
Q
91
Q
A

Koplik Spots

92
Q
A

Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease

93
Q
A

Toxic Epidural Neurolysis

94
Q
A

Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome

95
Q
A

Lyme Disease

96
Q
97
Q
A

Candidiasis

98
Q
A

Erythema Multiforme

99
Q
A

Erysipelas

100
Q
101
Q
A

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

102
Q
A

Fifth’s Disease

Master PA Deck (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions