Pharm Derm Drugs

Question 1

Topical corticoids (MOA)

Answer 1

Decrease IgE-mediated release of histamine, leukotrienes, and cytokines from basophils

Question 2

Topical corticoids (Indications)

Answer 2

Contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, erythema multiforme, pemphigoid, vasculitis, lupus erythematosus, DRESS, arthropod bites/stings

any inflammatory condition

Question 3

Topical corticoids (adverse effects)

Answer 3

Cutaneous atrophy (skin folds), telangiectasias, striae, acneiform eruption, perioral dermatitis (face), cataracts (eyelids)

Question 4

Calcineurin Inhibitors (MOA)

Answer 4

Inhibit T-cell activation of IL-2 and other cytokines

Question 5

Calcineurin Inhibitors (Indication)

Answer 5

Alternative to topical corticosteroids, contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, perioral dermatitis, psoriasis

Question 6

Calcineurin Inhibitors (Adverse effects)

Answer 6

Burning, stinging, rare contact dermatitis

*Black box warning for immunosuppression and children due to risk of systemic absorption and increased risk of liquid tumors

Question 7

Topical Retinoids (MOA)

Answer 7

Normalization of differentiation and proliferation of follicular epithelium leading to loosening and unseating of micromedomes which prevents obstruction of pilosebaceous unit

Question 8

Topical Retinoids (Indications)

Answer 8

Acne vulgaris, psoriasis

Question 9

Topical Retinoids (Adverse effects)

Answer 9

Erythema, photosensitivity, peeling, drying, scaling, burning, pruritis, rare hypo or hyperpigmentation, allergic contact dermatitis

Contraindicated in pregnancy/lactation

Question 10

Topical antibacterials (acne vulgaris & rosacea)

Answer 10

Benzoyl peroxide plus:
Azelaic acid
Clindamycin
Erythromycin
Sodium sulfacetamide
Metronidazole
Dapsone

Question 11

Topical antibacterials (Adverse effects)

Answer 11

Contact dermatitis, irritation, pruritis

Question 12

Topical antibacterials (superinfections/pre-procedural prophylaxis, minor cuts/scrapes/burns)

Answer 12

Neomycin, bacitracin, polymyxin B, gentamicin, mupirocin

Question 13

Topical antifungals

Answer 13

Ketoconazole, clotrimazole, miconazole, econazole, terbinafine, tolfanate, nystatin

Question 14

Topical antifungals (Adverse effects)

Answer 14

Contact dermatitis, irritation, pruritis

Question 15

Topical antivirals

Answer 15

Acyclovir, penciclovir

Question 16

Topical antivirals (Indications)

Answer 16

Recurrent orolabial HSV 1/2 infections

Question 17

Topical antivirals (Adverse effects)

Answer 17

Contact dermatitis, irritation, erythema, headache, pain

Question 18

Topical anti-pruritics

Answer 18

Pramoxine, menthol, phenol, camphor, capsaicin, doxepin (Do not use diphenhydramine)

Question 19

Topical anti-pruritics (indications)

Answer 19

Symptomatic relief of itching due to post-herpetic neuralgia, diabetic neuropathy, hemodialysis-related pruritis, arthropod bite/sting

Question 20

Topical anti-pruritics (Adverse effects)

Answer 20

burning, contact dermatitis, rarely toxic in overdose

Question 21

Topical keratolytics

Answer 21

Urea, salicylic acid

Question 22

Topical keratoylics (MOA)

Answer 22

Reduce thickness of stratum corneum through increased shedding of dead cells (squames)

Question 23

Topical keratoylics (Indications)

Answer 23

Corns, calluses, warts, acne, eczema, psoriasis

Question 24

Topical keratoylics (Adverse effects)

Answer 24

irritation, burning, peeling, rare allergic contact dermatitis

Question 25

Topical Chemotherapy

Answer 25

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), imiquimod

Question 26

Topical chemotherapy (indications)

Answer 26

actinic keratoses, superficial basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma in situ, anogenital warts

Question 27

Topical chemotherapy (MOA 5-FU)

Answer 27

Pyrimidine analogue that irreversibly inhibits thymidylate synthetase and is incorporated into DNA and RNA - causes DNA breakage, prevents cell proliferation

Question 28

Topical chemotherapy (MOA imiquimod)

Answer 28

Activates TLR-7 which increases pro-inflammatory cytokine cascade - increased immune surveillance for malignant cells

Question 29

Topical chemotherapy (Adverse effects)

Answer 29

erthyema, irritation, edema, scaling, ulceration, pain, rare flu-like symptoms

5-FU contraindicated, imiquimod should be avoided in pregnancy/lactation