Pharm Derm Drugs Flashcards
Topical corticoids (MOA)
Decrease IgE-mediated release of histamine, leukotrienes, and cytokines from basophils
Topical corticoids (Indications)
Contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, erythema multiforme, pemphigoid, vasculitis, lupus erythematosus, DRESS, arthropod bites/stings
any inflammatory condition
Topical corticoids (adverse effects)
Cutaneous atrophy (skin folds), telangiectasias, striae, acneiform eruption, perioral dermatitis (face), cataracts (eyelids)
Calcineurin Inhibitors (MOA)
Inhibit T-cell activation of IL-2 and other cytokines
Calcineurin Inhibitors (Indication)
Alternative to topical corticosteroids, contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, perioral dermatitis, psoriasis
Calcineurin Inhibitors (Adverse effects)
Burning, stinging, rare contact dermatitis
*Black box warning for immunosuppression and children due to risk of systemic absorption and increased risk of liquid tumors
Topical Retinoids (MOA)
Normalization of differentiation and proliferation of follicular epithelium leading to loosening and unseating of micromedomes which prevents obstruction of pilosebaceous unit
Topical Retinoids (Indications)
Acne vulgaris, psoriasis
Topical Retinoids (Adverse effects)
Erythema, photosensitivity, peeling, drying, scaling, burning, pruritis, rare hypo or hyperpigmentation, allergic contact dermatitis
Contraindicated in pregnancy/lactation
Topical antibacterials (acne vulgaris & rosacea)
Benzoyl peroxide plus: Azelaic acid Clindamycin Erythromycin Sodium sulfacetamide Metronidazole Dapsone
Topical antibacterials (Adverse effects)
Contact dermatitis, irritation, pruritis
Topical antibacterials (superinfections/pre-procedural prophylaxis, minor cuts/scrapes/burns)
Neomycin, bacitracin, polymyxin B, gentamicin, mupirocin
Topical antifungals
Ketoconazole, clotrimazole, miconazole, econazole, terbinafine, tolfanate, nystatin
Topical antifungals (Adverse effects)
Contact dermatitis, irritation, pruritis
Topical antivirals
Acyclovir, penciclovir
Topical antivirals (Indications)
Recurrent orolabial HSV 1/2 infections
Topical antivirals (Adverse effects)
Contact dermatitis, irritation, erythema, headache, pain
Topical anti-pruritics
Pramoxine, menthol, phenol, camphor, capsaicin, doxepin (Do not use diphenhydramine)
Topical anti-pruritics (indications)
Symptomatic relief of itching due to post-herpetic neuralgia, diabetic neuropathy, hemodialysis-related pruritis, arthropod bite/sting
Topical anti-pruritics (Adverse effects)
burning, contact dermatitis, rarely toxic in overdose
Topical keratolytics
Urea, salicylic acid
Topical keratoylics (MOA)
Reduce thickness of stratum corneum through increased shedding of dead cells (squames)
Topical keratoylics (Indications)
Corns, calluses, warts, acne, eczema, psoriasis
Topical keratoylics (Adverse effects)
irritation, burning, peeling, rare allergic contact dermatitis
Topical Chemotherapy
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), imiquimod
Topical chemotherapy (indications)
actinic keratoses, superficial basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma in situ, anogenital warts
Topical chemotherapy (MOA 5-FU)
Pyrimidine analogue that irreversibly inhibits thymidylate synthetase and is incorporated into DNA and RNA - causes DNA breakage, prevents cell proliferation
Topical chemotherapy (MOA imiquimod)
Activates TLR-7 which increases pro-inflammatory cytokine cascade - increased immune surveillance for malignant cells
Topical chemotherapy (Adverse effects)
erthyema, irritation, edema, scaling, ulceration, pain, rare flu-like symptoms
5-FU contraindicated, imiquimod should be avoided in pregnancy/lactation
