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Master PA Deck > BS: Hypersensitivity > Flashcards

BS: Hypersensitivity Flashcards

1
Q

Allergic rhinitis, sinusitis (Rx type)

A

Type I Immediate Hypersensitivity

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2
Q

Allergic rhinitis, sinusitis (manifestation)

A

Increased mucous secretion, inflammation of upper airways and sinuses

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3
Q

Food Allergies (Rx type)

A

Type I Immediate Hypersensitivity

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4
Q

Food Allergies (manifestation)

A

Increased peristalsis due to contraction of intestinal muscles

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5
Q

Bronchial Asthma (Rx type)

A

Type I Immediate Hypersensitivity

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6
Q

Bronchial Asthma (manifestation)

A

Airway Obstruction caused by bronchial smooth muscle hyperactivity, inflammation and tissue injury in late phase

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7
Q

Anaphylaxis (Rx type)

A

Type I Immediate Hypersensitivity

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8
Q

Anaphylaxis (manifestation)

A

Hypotension caused by vasodilation, airway obstruction due to bronchoconstriction and laryngeal edema

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9
Q

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (Rx type)

A

Type II: Antibody-mediated hypersensitivity

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10
Q

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (target antigen)

A

erythrocyte membrane proteins (Rh blood group antigens, I antigens)

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11
Q

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (mechanism)

A

opsonization and phagocytosis of erythrocytes

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12
Q

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (manifestation)

A

Hemolysis, anemia

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13
Q

Autoimmune (idiopathic) thrombocytopenic purpura (Rx type)

A

Type II: Antibody Mediated Hypersensitivity

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14
Q

Autoimmune (idiopathic) thrombocytopenic purpura (Target antigen)

A

platelet membrane proteins

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15
Q

Autoimmune (idiopathic) thrombocytopenic purpura (mechanism)

A

Opsonization and phagocytosis of platelets

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16
Q

Autoimmune (idiopathic) thrombocytopenic purpura (manifestation)

A

Bleeding

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17
Q

Goodpasture Syndrome (Rx type)

A

Type II: Antibody Mediated Hypersensitivity

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18
Q

Goodpasture Syndrome (Target antigen)

A

noncollagenous protein in basement membrane of kidney glomeruli and lung aveoli

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19
Q

Goodpasture Syndrome (mechanism)

A

Complement and Fc receptor- mediated inflammation

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20
Q

Goodpasture Syndrome (manifestation)

A

Nephritis, lung hemorrhage

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21
Q

Graves disease “hyperthyroidism” (Rx type)

A

Type II: Antibody Mediated Hypersensitivity

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22
Q

Graves disease “hyperthyroidism” (target antigen)

A

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor

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23
Q

Graves disease “hyperthyroidism” (mechanism)

A

Antibody-mediated stimulation of TSH receptors

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24
Q

Graves disease “hyperthyroidism” (manifestation)

A

Hyperthyroidism

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25
Q

Myasthenia gravis (Rx type)

A

Type II: Antibody-mediated hypersensitivity

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26
Q

Myasthenia gravis (target antigen)

A

acetylcholine receptor

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27
Q

Myasthenia gravis (mechanism)

A

antibody inhibits acetylcholine binding, down-modulates receptors

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28
Q

Myasthenia gravis (manifestation)

A

muscle weakness, paralysis

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29
Q

Pemphigus vulgaris (Rx type)

A

Type II: Antibody-mediated hypersensitivity

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30
Q

Pemphigus vulgaris (target antigen)

A

proteins in intercellular junctions of epidermal cells

31
Q

Pemphigus vulgaris (mechanism)

A

antibody-mediated activation of proteases, disruption of intercellular adhesions

32
Q

Pemphigus vulgaris (manifestation)

A

skin vesicles (bullae)

33
Q

Pernicious anemia (Rx type)

A

Type II: Antibody-mediated hypersensitivity

34
Q

Pernicious anemia (target antigen)

A

intrinsic factor of gastric parietal cells

35
Q

Pernicious anemia (mechanism)

A

neutralization of intrinsic factor, decreased absorption of vitamin B12

36
Q

Pernicious anemia (manifestation)

A

abnormal erythropoiesis, anemia

37
Q

Rheumatic fever (Rx type)

A

Type II: Antibody-mediated hypersensitivity

38
Q

Rheumatic fever (target antigen)

A

Streptococcal cell wall antigen; antibody cross-reacts with myocardial antigen

39
Q

Rheumatic fever (mechanism)

A

inflammation, macrophage activation

40
Q

Rheumatic fever (manifestation)

A

myocarditis, arthritis

41
Q

Systemic lupus erythematosus (Rx type)

A

Type III: Immune complex hypersensitivity

42
Q

Systemic lupus erythematosus (antibody specificity)

A

DNA, nucleoproteins

43
Q

Systemic lupus erythematosus (manifestations)

A

Nephritis, arthritis, vasculitis

44
Q

Polyarteritis nodosa (Rx type)

A

Type III: Immune complex hypersensitivity

45
Q

Polyarteritis nodosa (antibody specificity)

A

Mostly unknown, sometimes microbial antigens

46
Q

Polyarteritis nodosa (manifestation)

A

Vasculitis

47
Q

Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (Rx type)

A

Type III: Immune Complex Hypersensitvity

48
Q

Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (Antibody specificity)

A

Streptococcal cell wall antigens

49
Q

Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (manifestation)

A

Nephritis

50
Q

Multiple sclerosis (Rx type)

A

Type IV: T-Cell Mediated Hypersensitivity

51
Q

Multiple sclerosis (Specificity of pathogenic T cells)

A

Myelin proteins

52
Q

Multiple sclerosis (manifestation)

A

Demyelination in the CNS, sensory and motor dysfunction

53
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis (Rx type)

A

Type IV: T-Cell Mediated Hypersensitivity

54
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis (Specificity of pathogenic T cells)

A

Unknown antigens in joint

55
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis (manifestation)

A

Inflammation of synovium and erosion of cartilage and bone in joints

56
Q

Type 1 Diabetes (Rx type)

A

Type IV: T-Cell Mediated Hypersensitivity

57
Q

Type 1 Diabetes (Specificity of pathogenic T cells)

A

Pancreatic islet antigens

58
Q

Type 1 Diabetes (manifestations)

A

Impaired glucose metabolism, vascular disease

59
Q

Crohn’s Disease (Rx type)

A

Type IV: T-Cell Mediated Hypersensitivity

60
Q

Crohn’s Disease (Specificity of pathogenic T cells)

A

Unknown, possibly intestinal microbes

61
Q

Crohn’s Disease (Manifestation)

A

inflammation of the bowel wall; abdominal pain, diarrhea, hemorrhage

62
Q

Contact sensitivity (Rx type)

A

Type IV: T-cell Mediated Hypersensitivity

63
Q

Contact sensitivity (Specificity of pathogenic T cells)

A

Modified skin proteins

64
Q

Contact sensitivity (Manifestation)

A

DTH reaction in skin, rash

65
Q

Chronic infections i.e. TB (Rxt type)

A

Type IV: T-cell Mediated Hypersensitivity

66
Q

Chronic infections i.e. TB (Specificity of pathogenic T cells)

A

Microbial proteins

67
Q

Chronic infections i.e. TB (manifestation)

A

Chronic inflammation

68
Q

Viral hepatitis (Rx type)

A

Type IV: T-cell Mediated Hypersensitivity

69
Q

Viral hepatitis (Specificity of pathogenic T cells)

A

virally encoded proteins

70
Q

Viral hepatitis (manifestation)

A

CTL-mediated hepatocyte death; liver dysfunction; fibrosis

71
Q

Super antigen-mediated diseases i.e. toxic shock syndrome

A

Type IV: T-cell Mediated Hypersensitivity

72
Q

Superantigen-mediated diseases i.e. toxic shock syndrome (Specificity of pathogenic T cells)

A

Polyclonal (microbial superantigens activate many T cells of different specificities

73
Q

Super antigen-mediated diseases i.e. toxic shock syndrome (manifestation)

A

Fever, shock related to systemic inflammatory cytokine release

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