CM: Derm - Skin lesions Flashcards
Flat, generally less than or equal to 1 cm with a color different from surrounding tissue. May have non-palpable fine scale.
Macule
Flat, generally greater than 1 cm with a color different from that of surrounding tissue. May have non-palpable fine scale.
Patch
A smooth, raised closed cavity or sac containing fluid or semisolid material. May have an epithelial, endothelial or membranous lining
Cyst
A dermal or subcutaneous firm, well defined lesion usually greater than 1 cm in diameter
Nodule
A discrete, solid, elevated body usually less than or equal to 1 cm in diameter. Classified by shape, size, color and surface change
Papule
A discrete, solid body usually broader than it is thick, measuring more than 1 cm in diameter. Classified by shape, size, color and surface change
Plaque
A hardened layer that results when serum, blood or purulent exudate dries on the skin. May thick or thin and can vary in color.
Crust
a surface change that results from excess stratum corneum that accumulates in flakes or plates. Usually white or gray in color.
Scale
Fluid-filled blisters greater than 0.5 cm in diameter. Fluid can be clear, serous, hemorrhagic or pus filled
Bullae
A circumscribed elevation that contains purulent material. Usually less than or equal to 0.5 cm.
Pustule
A fluid-filled cavity or elevation less than or equal to 0.5 cm in diameter. Fluid may be clear, serous, or hemorrhagic.
Vesicle
Localized, blanchable redness of skin or mucous membrane
Erythema
A generalized, blanchable redness of the skin that may be associated with desquamation (process in which the cornified layer of epidermis is sloughed in fine scales or sheets
Erythoderma
A visible persistent dilation of small, superficial cutaneous blood vessels that blanch
Telangiectasia
Extravasation of blood into skin or mucous membranes. Presents as a flat area of color change that does not blanch
Ecchymosis
Tiny 1-2 mm, initially purpuric, non-blanchable macules
Petechiae
Raised, palpable discoloration of skin or mucous membrane that does not blanch and is due to vascular inflammation in the skin and extravasation of blood
Palpable purpura
Thinning of tissue defined by location
Atrophy
Localized loss of epidermal or mucosal epithelium
Erosion
Circumscribed loss of epidermis and at least the upper dermis. Classified by depth, border/shape, edge and tissue at base.
Ulcer
Scab or dry crust that results from trauma, infection, or excoriating skin disease
Eschar
Necrotic tissue due to obstruction, diminution or loss of blood supply. Can be wet or dry.
Gangrene
Skin thickening, hyperpigmentation and increased skin markings; thick, leathery appearance
Lichenification
Partial damage to the epidermis by injury or rubbing
Excoriation
Koebner Phenomenon
Aspect of psoriasis that’s well-known but not completely understood. It describes the formation of psoriatic skin lesions on parts of the body that aren’t typically where a person with psoriasis experiences lesions.
Auspitz Sign
The appearance of small bleeding points after successive layers of scale have been removed from the surface of psoriatic papules or plaques.
