Clinical signs of CV + Resp systems Flashcards
clinical signs of respiratory difficulty?
mouth breathing
flaring of nostrils
neck extension
reluctance to lie down
exaggerated chest wall movements at rest
abduction of elbows
abnormal behaviour pattern
clinical signs of nasal diseases?
rubbing nose
nasal discharge (purulent, clear)
sneezing
reverse sneezing
facial discomfort
facial distortion
medial aspect of forelimb is dirty or alopecic
purulent discharge?
neutrophils and bacteria in there
yellowish colour
reverse sneezing?
involuntary reflex - constant gushing of air in nasal cavity to remove something in nasal cavity
causes of URT (larynx & pharynx) diseases?
infectious
neuropathy
space occupying lesion
brachycephalic airway obstruction syndrome (exercise exacerbates)
clinical signs of diseases of URT (larynx + pharynx)
altered voice
dysphagia
gagging
snoring
stertorous breathing (inspiration)
reverse sneezing
LRT?
lower respiratory tract
URT?
upper respiratory tract
causes for problems of the LRT?
infectious airway irritation (smoke inhalation, dust, rabbits in poor ventilated housing, feline asthma)
Parasitic
Space occupying lesion
Structural defect
clinical signs of diseases of the LRT?
coughing (dry, honking, moist)
dyspnoea
cyanosis
wheezing
dyspnoea?
they have difficulty breathing
clinical signs of diseases of the thoracic cavity?
Dyspnoea
Tachypnoea
Altered breathing posture
Abdominal breathing
why would whole body act as thoracic cavity?
torn diaphragm
clinical signs for horses?
cough
nasal discharge
inc. resp rate at rest
inc. resp effort at rest
abnorm breathing during exercise
slow recovery post-exercise
poor exercise performance
frequent swallowing during exercise
blood at the nostrils after exercise (epistaxis)
types of nasal discharge in horses?
clear, white, yellow, green, thick and runny or thick and foamy
clinical signs in production animals - when in herds/flocks?
poor milk yield
poor growth rate
dull coat
poor return to oestrus
isolation
standing w/ arched back
poor quality eggs/lack of production
(and other typical individual signs)
resp system clinical signs for non traditional companion animals?
open mouth breathing - pneumonia in snakes
buoyancy problems - turtles
dull coat, feather plucking, periocular oedema - birds
Dirty FL (forelimb) or around eyes, nose
reluctance to be lifted
clinical signs associated with disorders of the cardiac system?
fainting/collapsing
abdominal distention/brisket
coughing
exercise intolerance
restlessness
postural change
cyanosis
syncope
epistaxis (EIPH, fungal diseases)
murmurs (during clinical exam)
jugular distension
mismatch in HR and PR (pulse rate)
behavioural changes of the animals?
they get frustrated + anxious when under resp distress
fear + anxiety system often triggered
frustrated that they cannot keep up
overgrooming can be due to pain or excessive need to clean
inability to keep up (exercise intolerance) can increase frustration especially around other animals
