Clinical Bacteriology 2

Question 1

Mechanism of tetanus toxin

Answer 1

inhibits GABA and glutamine release from neurons leading to spastic paralysis

Question 2

Mechanism of botulinum toxin

Answer 2

inhibition of ACh release -> flaccid paralysis

Question 3

Which bacterium has a capsule made of polypeptides (D-glutamate)?

Answer 3

Anthrax

Question 4

What Abx for mycoplasma? Why?

Answer 4

erythromycin - targets 50s subunit of the ribosome. Can’t use a beta-lactam b/c Mycoplasma lacks a cell wall.

Question 5

How does penicillin work?

Answer 5

Beta-lactam rings prevent the formation of cross-linkages in the peptidoglycan of the bacterial cell wall.

Question 6

Which Abx are the protein synthesis inhibitors? What do they target?

Answer 6

“buy AT 30, CELL at 50”
Inhibit the 30s ribosomal subunit:
Aminoglycoside
Tetracyclines

Inhibit the 50s ribosomal sububit:
Chloramphenicol
Erythromycin (macrolides)
Linezolid
Lincomycin (cLindamycin)

Question 7

Which Abx are the protein synthesis inhibitors? What do they target?

Answer 7

“buy AT 30, CELL at 50”
Inhibit the 30s ribosomal subunit:
Aminoglycoside
Tetracyclines

Inhibit the 50s ribosomal sububit:
Chloramphenicol
Erythromycin (macrolides)
Linezolid
Lincomycin (cLindamycin)

Question 8

Microaerophilic bacteria

Answer 8

Campylobacter and Helicobacter

Question 9

obligate anaerobes

Answer 9

Actinomyces
Bacteroides
Clostridium

Question 10

Top 3 causes of neonatal meningitis

Answer 10

1. GBS
2. E. coli
3. Listeria