climate change Flashcards

1
Q

what is climate change?

A

unequivocal

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2
Q

what period do we take information from?
[last 2.6 million years]

A

quaternary period

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3
Q

how much have tmeps raised since 1800

A

0.85 degrees

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4
Q

evidencde for climate change:

A
  • tree rings [ grow thicker in warm, wet conditions]
  • shrinking glaciers
    [artic glacier - 65% smaller] = sea levels rise
    -** ice cores [proxies]
    snow falls and preserved gasses inside it **
  • temperature records = increasing
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5
Q

climate change NATURAL causes:

A

-** volcanic activity**

**- solar acitvity **

  • orbital change
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6
Q

climate change human activities:

A
  • burning fossil fuels
  • farming
  • de forestation
  • cement production
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7
Q

climate change effects on the enviroment:

A
  • increased draught
  • wild fires
  • glaciers shrink & ice sheets melt = sea level rise
  • coral reefs bleaching & decrease in biodiversity e.g Great barrier reef
  • increased flooding & coastal ereosion e.g Holderness
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8
Q

climate change affect on people:

A
  • deaths due to heat
  • smaller crop yeild = less income and food
  • drought reduces food and water supplies e,g Africa
  • increased chance of skin cancers/stoke
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9
Q

explain the global temp changes in the quaternary period?

A
  • shifts from cold glacial periods and warmer interglacial
    [both lasting around 10 000 years]
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9
Q

how does cement production inc climate change?

A
  • cement made from limestone which contains carbon
  • cement is produces = release lots of CO2
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10
Q

how does deforestation inc climate change?

A
  • plants = carbon sinks
  • when cut down = stop absorbing CO2
  • machines to destroy/burning of trees release CO2
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11
Q

how does farming inc climate change?

A
  • cattle & rice = release large amounts of methene
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12
Q

explain the natural cause of climate change : volcanic acitivity

A
  • volcanic eruptions eject large quanties of material into atmosphere
  • some particles may reflect sun rays back to space = earth cool
  • soot may completely cover sun = tempory cooling of the earth
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13
Q

explain the natural cause of climate change : solar output
[not a major affect on climate change]

A
  • how much energy the sun emits [changes in cycles of 11 years]
  • less solar output = cooler
  • more solar output = hotter
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14
Q

explain the natural cause of climate change : orbital change

A
  • affects how much solar radiation hits the earth
    [more energy = warmer]
    variotions:
  • stretch [eliptical/circular orbit]
  • tilt
  • wobble
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15
Q

3 adaptations to climate change:

A
  • **managing water supply
  • coping w rising sea levels
  • changing agricultural systems
16
Q

explain the adaptation to climate change: managing water supply

A
  • rain water is collected and recycled [water butts]
  • water meters installed in homes to discourage excessive use
17
Q

explain the adaptation of climate change : coping w rising sea levels

A
  • better flood warning systems
  • flood barries installed [Thames barrior in London]
    LIC = Bangladesh building raised flood shelters 2000
18
Q

explain the adaptation of climate change : changing agricultural systems

A
  • GM crops which a draught resistant
    etc [using bio technology]
19
Q

mitigation stratgies of climate change:

A
  • planting trees
    [absorbs CO2]
  • carbon capture
    [underground, safe]
  • international agreements [2015 Paris agreement reduce C02 emmisions and limit global warming e.g Brazil promised 37% by 2025]
  • using renewable energy