Classification and Evolution Flashcards
What is the taxonomic classification system order?
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Define species
a group of organisms that are able to reproduce to produce fertile offspring
What are the three domains?
bacteria, archaea and eukarya
What new source of evidence might help today’s scientists to find out how closely related two different organisms are?
DNA
‘Genetically modified plants and animals should be classed as new species’. Outline one experiment or investigation that would provide evidence to support or contradict the statement. (3 marks)
- breed GM individual with non-GM individual
- see if offspring is fertile
- if so they should be classed as the same species
Does the generic name or the specific name start with an upper case letter?
the generic name starts with an upper case letter
Do both plants and fungi have a nucleus?
Yes
Do both plants and fungi have starch?
No
Which kingdoms carry out autotrophic nutrition?
plants, protoctista and prokaryotae only
Which one of these kingdoms contains organisms that do not have a cell wall (fungi, plants, prokaryotae or protoctista) ?
protoctista
What is taxonomy?
the science of naming, defining and classifying groups of organisms based on their shared characteristics
What are the names of the five kingdoms?
Prokaryotae, Protoctista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia
What are the limitations of using the fossil record as evidence for evolution?
incomplete, only bones (hard parts) are fossilised
What are the three causes of genetic variation?
1, mutation
2, meiosis (independent assortment and crossing over)
3, random fertilisation of gametes
Define selection pressure
a condition in the environment that gives organisms with particular alleles an advantage that allows them to survive and are thus more likely to reproduce
What is continuous variation? Give an example
no distinct groups; quantitative differences in phenotype (e.g., mass, height)
