Chemical elements Flashcards
What is the formula of a calcium ion?
Ca 2+
What are calcium ions required for?
- nerve impulses
- muscle contractions
What is the formula of a sodium ion?
Na +
What are sodium ions required for?
- nerve impulses
- kidney function
What is the formula of a potassium ion?
K +
What are potassium ions required for?
- nerve impulses
- stomata
What is the formula of a hydrogen ion?
H +
What are hydrogen ions required for?
- catalysts
- pH determination
What is the formula of an ammonium ion?
NH4 +
What are ammonium ions required for?
- needed to make nitrate ions
What charge do cations have?
positive
What charge do anions have?
negative
What is the formula of a nitrate ion?
NO3 -
What are nitrate ions required for?
- amino acid formation
What is the formula of a hydrogen carbonate ion?
HCO3 -
What are hydrogen carbonate ions required for?
- maintain blood pH
What is the formula of a chloride ion?
Cl -
What are chloride ions required for?
- balance sodium and potassium ions in cells
What is the formula of a phosphate ion?
PO4 3-
What are phosphate ions required for?
- cell membranes
- nucleic acids and ATP formation
- bone formation
What is the formula of a hydroxide ion?
OH -
What are hydroxide ions required for?
- catalysts
- pH determination
What elements do carbohydrates consist of?
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
What elements do lipids consist of?
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
What elements do proteins consist of?
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur
What elements do nucleic acids consist of?
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus
