Classic/Relevant Treatments Flashcards by Lauren Chorny

ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication

fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Neisseria meningitidis

PCN/ceftriaxone, rifampin ppx

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

clostridium botulinum

antitoxin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

clostridium tetani

antitoxin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

staphylococcus aureas

MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin (anti-staphylococcal PCNs)
MRSA: vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, ceftaroline

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Strep pyogenes

PCN ppx

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Strep pneumo

PCN/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia)d

vancomycin (meningitis)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

strep bovis

PCN ppx, eval for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

enterococci

vancomycin, aminopenicillins/cephalosporins

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Hib

amoxicillin +/- clavulanate (mucosal infections)
ceftriaxone (meningitis)
rifampin ppx

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

legionella

macrolides (azithromycin)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

pseudomonas aeruginosa

piperacillin/tazobactam, ahminoglycosides, carbapenem

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

treponema pallidum

PCN G

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

chlamydia trachomatis

doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea confection)

oral erythromycin to tx chlamydial conjunctivitis in infants

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

rickettsia rickettsii

doxycycline

chloramphenicol

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

candida albicans

topical azaleas (vaginitis)
nystatin, fluconazole, caspofungin (oral/esophageal)
fluconazole, caspofungin, amphotericin B (systemic)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

cryptococcus neoformans

induction with amphotericin B and flucytosine, maintenance with fluconazole (in AIDS patients)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

sporothrix schenckii

itraconazole, oral potassium chloride

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

pneumocystis jirovecii

TMP-SMX (ppx and tx in immunosuppressed patients, CD4 <200)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

toxoplasma gondii

sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

malaria

chloroquine, mefloquine, atovaquone/proguanil (for good schizont), primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

trichomonas vaginalis

metronidazole (patient and partner)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

influenza

oseltamiivr, zanamivir

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

CMV

ganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

neisseria gonorrheae

ceftriaxone (add doxycycline to cover likely concurrent C. trachoma's)

clostridium difficile

oral metronidazole, if refractory oral vancomycin

mycobacterium tuberculosis

RIPE (rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)

UTI prophylaxis

TMP-SMX

chronic hepatitis B or C

IFN-α (HBV and HCV) | ribavirin, simeprevir, sofosbuvir (HCV)

patent ductus arteriosus

close with indomethacin | keep open with PGE analots

stable angina

sublingual nitroglycerin

hypercholesterolemia

statin (first-line)

Buerger disease

smoking cessation

granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener)

cyclophosphamide | corticosteroids

Kawasaki disease

IVIG | high dose aspirin

temporal arteritis

high-dose steroids

arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

class 1B antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine)

pheochromocytoma

α antagonists (phenoxybenzamine)

prolactinoma

cabergoline/bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)

diabetes insipidus

desmopressin (central) | hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)

SIADH

fluid restriction IV hypertonic saline conivaptan/tolvaptan, demeclocycline

T1DM

dietary intervention (low carbohydrate) + insulin replacement

T2DM

dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemics, and insulin (if refractory)

DKA

fluids, insulin, K+

carcinoid syndrome

octreotide

Crohn disease

corticosteroids, infliximab, azathioprine

Ulcerative colitis

5-ASA preparations (mesalamine) | 6-mercaptopurine, infliximab, colectomy

hypertriglycerides

fibrate

sickle cell disease

hydroxyurea (increase fetal hemoglobin)

chronic myelogenous leukemia

imatinib

acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)

all-trans retinoic acid

drug of choice for anticoagulation during pregnancy

heparin

heparin reversal

protamine sulfate

immediate anticoagulation

heparin

long-term anticoagulation

warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and apixaban

warfarin reversal

FFP (acute), vitamin K (non-acute)

cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis

mesna

HER2/neu + breast cancer

trastuzumab

osteoporosis

calcium/vitamin D supplementation (ppx) | bisphosphonates, PTH analogs, SERMs, calcitonin, denosumab (tx)

osteomalacia/rickets

vitamin D supplementation

chronic gout

xanthine oxidase inhibitors (allopurinol, febuxostat) pegloticase probenecid

acute gout attack

NSAIDs, colchicine, glucocorticoids

neural tube defect prevention

prenatal folic acid

migraine

``` abortive therapies (sumatriptans, NSAIDs) ppx (propranolol, topiramate, CCBs, amitriptyline) ```

trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureaux)

carbamazepine

disease-modifying therapies (ß-interferon, natalizumab); for acute flares, use IV steroids

degeneration of dorsal column fibers

tabes dorsalis (tertiary syphils), subacute combined degeneration (dorsal columns, lateral corticospinal, spinocerebellar tracts affected)

tonic-clonic seizures

levetiracetam, phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine

absence seizures

ethosuximide

malignant hyperthermia

dantrolene

anorexia

nutrition, psychotherapy, mirtazapine

bulimia nervosa

SSRIs

alcoholism

disulfiram, acamprosate, naltrexone, supportive care

ADHD

methylphenidate, amphetamines, CBT, atomexetine, guanfacine, clonidine

alcohol withdrawal

long-acting benzodiazepines

bipolar disorder

``` mood stabilizers (e.g. lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine) atypical antipsychotics ```

depression

SSRIs (first-line)

generalized anxiety disorder

SSRIs, SNRIs (first line); bus-irons (second line)

schizophrenia (positive symptoms)

typical and atypical antipsychotics

schizophrenia (negative symptoms)

atypical antipsychotics

hyperaldosteronism

spironolactone

benign prostatic hyperplasia

α1-antagonists, 5alpha-reducatse inhibitors, PDE-5 inhibitors

infertility

leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile), clomphene

breast cancer in postmenopausal women

aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)

ER + breast cancer

tamoxifen

prostate adenocarcinoma/uterine fibroids

leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)

medical abortion

mifepristone

prostate adenocarcinoma

flutamide

erectile dysfunction

sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil

pulmonary artery hypertension (idiopathic)

sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol