class one Flashcards
what is rate produced pressure
HR x SBP
what is cardiac output
HR x stroke volume
what happen to our BP when we exercise
SBP elevated
DBP remain level
what is the best estimate of the increased metabolic demand on the heart
rate produced pressure
this is a repersentation of the myocardial O2 demands
what are the stages of HTN
Normal: Blood pressure is less than 120/80 mm Hg
Elevated: Blood pressure is 120–129/less than 80 mm Hg
Stage 1 hypertension: Blood pressure is 130–139/80–89 mm Hg
Stage 2 hypertension: Blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg or higher
HTN crisis - 180/120
what is the electrical path of the heart
SA
AV
bundle of his
purkinjie fibers
what is VO2 max
a measurement of how much oxygen a person can use during intense exercise
the amount of oxy that you can consume
why do we train at a higher altitude
there is less oxy at higher altitude
the body get used to creating more red blood cells and this is benificial when you come back to sea level
with increase in altitude what happesn to HR, SV, CO, BP
increase in: HR, CO, BP
stable: SV
this is a result of less o2 being available
what is acclimization
this is when we stay at a higher altitude
what happens to HR, SV, CO, BP with acclimization
increase: HR
normal: BP an CO
decrease: SV
under water what happens to our vital signs
BP - decreases
HR - decreases
CO - increases
SV - increase
venous return - increases
- increase in SV
what is vital capacity
how much air we can breath in
what do beta blockers do
decrease HR
complete with nor and epi for the beta agrengenric receptors of the heart
beta blockers are presribe to what hind of pts
htn and cornary artery disease
what do beta blockers end with
lol
what is Aortic Auscultation Landmarks
2nd IC space, right sternal border
what is Pulmonic Auscultation Landmarks
2nd IC space, left sternal border
what is tricuspid Auscultation Landmarks
4th IC space, left sternal border
what is Mitral Auscultation Landmarks
5th IC space, midclavicular line
HR compared in fit and unfit people
unfit people it takes longer for the heart rate to return to resting rate
what is s1 sound
“lub”; closure of mitral and tricuspid valves, onset of systole
what is s2 sound
“dub”; closure of aortic and pulmonary valves, onset of diastole
what is s3 heart sound
“ventricular gallop”; ventricular filling, associated with heart failure
what is a s4 heart sound
“atrial gallop”; abnormal, ventricular filling and atrial contraction
HTN, ventricle hypertrophy
where is the s2 sound the loudess
the base of the heart (the top)
where is s1 sound the loudest
apex of the heart
what is SV
amount of blood pumped per HR
HR and CO in response to increasing work rate
HR and CO increase linearly with work rate
reaches plateua at 100% VO2 max
what does the diastolic BP represent
with the heart is not pumping when the heart is relaxed
BMI of what means obesity
30
do we use the term per-hypertension anymore
no
sym vs para sym
sym - fight or flight
para- rest and digest
weight bearing in water
weight bearing drops as the water deepens
what is the RPE scale between
6-20
20 on the borg RPE scale
max exertion
15 on the RPE scale
very hard
11 on RPE scale
light
how can the sym NS be influence SV
increases contraction strength - this influences SV
what is pre load
left ventricular end diastolic volume
the amount of ventricular stretch after diastole
what is after load
systematic vascular resistance
the amount of resistance the heart must overcome to open the aortic valve and push the blood volume into systemic circulation
the amount of resiatnce you need to open the aortic valave
pre load and after load effect on stroke volume
per load - increase SV
after load - decrease SV
what is frank starling law
the stroke volume of the left ventricle will increase as the left ventricular volume increases due to the myocyte stretch causing a more forceful systolic contraction.
what is the wong baker scale
faces
to help a person effectively communicate the severity of their physical pain.
