class 13: System Interactions Flashcards
what is Sarcoidosis
Systemic disease of unknown cause.
Characterized by granulomatous inflammation in nodular form.
Sarcoidosis - Symptoms
Dyspnea, cough, fever, malaise, weight loss,
skin lesions, erythema nodosum, dry cough,
chest pain, hemoptysis, and pneumothorax
Muscle weakness, aches, tenderness, and
fatigue that reduces the functional capacity
Sarcoidosis - erythema nodosum,
a skin condition that causes painful, inflamed lumps that are usually red or blue
Criteria for Diagnosis of RA - morning stiffness
more than 1 hour
Criteria for Diagnosis of RA - joints
Arthritis of three or more joint areas:
Criteria for Diagnosis of RA - hands
At least one joint area swollen in wrist, MCP, or PIP joint
Criteria for Diagnosis of RA - bilateral or unilateral
Simultaneous bilateral involvement of the same joint areas
Criteria for Diagnosis of RA - what factor needed
Serum Rheumatoid factor
Criteria for Diagnosis of RA - Radiographic changes:
Periarticular osteopenia
what are Rheumatoid nodules:
firm lumps that appear under the skin in people with rheumatoid arthritis
Subcutaneous nodules, over bony prominences or extensor
surfaces
Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) - hallmark signs
Skin hyperextensibility, smooth and velvet-like texture, fragility, delayed wound healing, and thin atrophic scars after
wound healing
Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) - inheritance type
group of of hereditary connective tissue disorder
Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) - MSK:
Joint hypermobility, joint laxity leading to dislocations/
subluxations, osteoporosis, early onset OA, scoliosis, kyphosis
Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) - Neuromuscular:
Generalized muscle weakness, low muscle tone
EDS - Cardiopulmonary:
Autonomic dysfunction resulting in abnormal
chest pain, palpitations, abnormal blood pressure responses
EDS - Hematologic:
Easy bruising, prolonged bleeding times
Butterfly “malar” rash seen with?
lupus
What is Sjögren syndrome?
chronic autoimmune disease that causes dry mouth and eyes
attacks the glands that produce saliva and tears.
Condition with right lower quadrant pain and reactive arthritis?
crohn’s
Which lab values can be expected to be increased in a patient
with RA?
erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP)
Myelogram- is looking at what
Spine
Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV)
is a technique for evaluating both the
speed as well as the amplitude of the electrical signal evoked following
stimulation of a sensory or a motor nerve. NCV detects a problem with the nerve
nerve
Electromyography (EMG)
is a technique for evaluating and recording
electrical activity of muscles at rest and while contracting. EMG detects
whether the muscle is working properly in response to the nerve stimulus.
It assists with diagnosis of nerve or muscle pathology.
muscles at rest
Abnormal potentials - Spontaneous potentials: Seen at rest
- Fibrillation potentials
- Fasciculations
- Positive sharp waves
- Complex repetitive discharges
- Myotonic repetitive discharges
Abnormal potentials - Polyphasic potentials: Seen with contraction
More than 4 phases
Anticoagulant Therapy - example of two drugs
Warfarin (COUMADIN)
ASPIRIN
ASPIRIN what is the function
Antiplatelet function used to
prevent Coronary Artery
Disease (CAD), MI
Warfarin (COUMADIN) what is the function
Used as anti clotting drug for
myocardial infarction (MI),
Emboli, Stroke, prevent venous
thrombosis
Symptoms of Dementia
*Impaired higher-level functions like language, perception
* Personality changes
* Memory deficits
*Deterioration of judgement, orientation
* Confusion
*Normal consciousness
