Bach’s Career _____ Family

Bach’s Career _Musical_ Family Brother and father

Bach’s Career ______ Career Didn't travel very far. Not in the big cities and seeing what all the rage was. Insulated in NE Germany

Bach’s Career _Provincial_ Career Didn't travel very far. Not in the big cities and seeing what all the rage was. Insulated in NE Germany

Bach’s Career Started as _____ Organist

Bach’s Career Started as _Church_ Organist Shifted quickly to court composer

Bach’s Career JOBS: Ducal Court Musician (_____) Keyboard music Instrumental Ensembles

Bach’s Career JOBS: Ducal Court Musician (_Weimar_) Keyboard music Instrumental Ensembles

Bach’s Career JOBS: Cantor/Music Director (______) Sacred music Where he is buried Lived and worked until his death Lots of responsibilities there Teaching and making sure choir boys were fed and dressed Had to compose an entire cantata every single week, setting text related to theme or service that week. Very busy. When he self-borrows, that's the life of a work-a-day musician "I've got to come up with an hour's worth of music. Plug and play."

Bach’s Career JOBS: Cantor/Music Director (_Leipzig_) Sacred music Where he is buried Lived and worked until his death Lots of responsibilities there Teaching and making sure choir boys were fed and dressed Had to compose an entire cantata every single week, setting text related to theme or service that week. Very busy. When he self-borrows, that's the life of a work-a-day musician "I've got to come up with an hour's worth of music. Plug and play."

Bach’s Career _______ Career Working church musician

Bach’s Career _Pragmatic_ Career Working church musician

Bach’s Career When did Bach's world fame begin?

Bach’s Career When did Bach's world fame begin? Mendelssohn’s Bach Revival (19th c) Bach was not a world-famous musician but was known where he was World fame _began when Mendelssohn_ performed much of his works on a concert stage. Back in Bach's day, this did

Bach’s Style "_________" When you hear it and see it on the page, it's very evident you're looking at Bach. Very different than anything else, especially in the Baroque period

Bach’s Style "_Individualistic_" When you hear it and see it on the page, it's very evident you're looking at Bach. Very different than anything else, especially in the Baroque period

Bach’s Style Old-fashioned Bach did Imitative Counterpoint, much like two composers:

Bach’s Style Old-fashioned Bach did Imitative Counterpoint, much like two composers: Josquin Palestrina

Bach’s Style Old-fashioned _____ trends of Corelli and Vivaldi are on the rise

Bach’s Style Old-fashioned _Tonality_ trends of Corelli and Vivaldi are on the rise

Bach’s Style Old-fashioned Bach is at the center of the two trends:

Bach’s Style Old-fashioned Bach is at the center of the two trends: counterpoint tonality Bach takes a contrapuntal style and melds it with a tonal form

Bach’s Style Dense Dense web of ______

Bach’s Style Dense Dense web of _melodies_

Bach’s Style Dense Sets Bach apart. Josquin and Palestrina because were writing for:

Bach’s Style Dense Sets Bach apart. Josquin and Palestrina because were writing for voices, not instruments, and writing for fewer voices than what Bach was working with

Bach’s Style Dense Hard to ____ and difficult to make it sound easy, Fugues

Bach’s Style Dense Hard to _play_ and difficult to make it sound easy, Fugues

Bach’s Style _______ "Spinning-out"

Bach’s Style _Fortspinnung_ "Spinning-out"

Bach’s Style ________ He takes one idea and rolls with it. Ball of yarn and keep pulling and pulling. Neatly organized mess on the floor. No longer have tighly wound ball of yarn.

Bach’s Style _Fortspinnung_ He takes one idea and rolls with it. Ball of yarn and keep pulling and pulling. Neatly organized mess on the floor. No longer have tighly wound ball of yarn.

Bach’s Style Sharply focused designs Harmonic _____ and _____

Bach’s Style Sharply focused designs Harmonic _rhythm_ and _function_ Fugual Entrance: Subject and answer are harmonically related

Bach’s Style Sharply focused designs Harmonic rhythm/Harmonic function Fortspinnung: Arrivals in particular ____ on particular harmonies.

Bach’s Style Sharply focused designs Harmonic rhythm/Harmonic function Fortspinnung: Arrivals in particular _keys_ on particular harmonies.

CLASS: Nov 28, 2018 -- COMPLETE Flashcards by Madison Jonas

Review Questions

Which innovations do we associate with the music of Archangelo Corelli?

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Review Questions

What are the key characteristics of a baroque concerto?

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Bach’s Career

Moved around in a circumscribed area in ______.

Bach’s Career

Moved around in a circumscribed area in northeastern Germany.
- Compared to Handel who travels all over the place.

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Bach’s Career

_____ Family

Bach’s Career

Musical Family
- Brother and father

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Bach’s Career

______ Career
- Didn’t travel very far. Not in the big cities and seeing what all the rage was. Insulated in NE Germany

Bach’s Career

Provincial Career
- Didn’t travel very far. Not in the big cities and seeing what all the rage was. Insulated in NE Germany

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Bach’s Career

Started as _____ Organist

Bach’s Career

Started as Church Organist
- Shifted quickly to court composer

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Bach’s Career

JOBS:
- Ducal Court Musician (_____)
  - Keyboard music
  - Instrumental Ensembles

Bach’s Career

JOBS:
- Ducal Court Musician (Weimar)
  - Keyboard music
  - Instrumental Ensembles

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Bach’s Career

JOBS:
- Cantor/Music Director (______)
  - Sacred music
  - Where he is buried
  - Lived and worked until his death
  - Lots of responsibilities there
  - Teaching and making sure choir boys were fed and dressed
  - Had to compose an entire cantata every single week, setting text related to theme or service that week. Very busy. When he self-borrows, that’s the life of a work-a-day musician “I’ve got to come up with an hour’s worth of music. Plug and play.”

Bach’s Career

JOBS:
- Cantor/Music Director (Leipzig)
  - Sacred music
  - Where he is buried
  - Lived and worked until his death
  - Lots of responsibilities there
  - Teaching and making sure choir boys were fed and dressed
  - Had to compose an entire cantata every single week, setting text related to theme or service that week. Very busy. When he self-borrows, that’s the life of a work-a-day musician “I’ve got to come up with an hour’s worth of music. Plug and play.”

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Bach’s Career

_______ Career
- Working church musician

Bach’s Career

Pragmatic Career
- Working church musician

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Bach’s Career

When did Bach’s world fame begin?

Bach’s Career

When did Bach’s world fame begin?
- Mendelssohn’s Bach Revival (19th c)
  - Bach was not a world-famous musician but was known where he was
  - World fame began when Mendelssohn performed much of his works on a concert stage. Back in Bach’s day, this did

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Bach’s Style

“_________”
- When you hear it and see it on the page, it’s very evident you’re looking at Bach. Very different than anything else, especially in the Baroque period

Bach’s Style

“Individualistic”
- When you hear it and see it on the page, it’s very evident you’re looking at Bach. Very different than anything else, especially in the Baroque period

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Bach’s Style

Old-fashioned
- Bach did Imitative Counterpoint, much like two composers:

Bach’s Style

Old-fashioned
- Bach did Imitative Counterpoint, much like two composers:
  - Josquin
  - Palestrina

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Bach’s Style

Old-fashioned
- Ever since days of Josquin and Palestrina, counterpoint had been decreasing in ______ in favor of Monody, expressive monody, and opera etc trends

Bach’s Style

Old-fashioned
- Ever since days of Josquin and Palestrina, counterpoint had been decreasing in popularity in favor of Monody, expressive monody, and opera etc trends

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Bach’s Style

Old-fashioned
- _____ trends of Corelli and Vivaldi are on the rise

Bach’s Style

Old-fashioned
- Tonality trends of Corelli and Vivaldi are on the rise

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Bach’s Style

Old-fashioned
- Bach is at the center of the two trends:

Bach’s Style

Old-fashioned
- Bach is at the center of the two trends:
  - counterpoint
  - tonality
- Bach takes a contrapuntal style and melds it with a tonal form

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Bach’s Style

Dense
- Dense web of ______

Bach’s Style

Dense
- Dense web of melodies

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Bach’s Style

Dense
- Sets Bach apart.
  - Josquin and Palestrina because were writing for:

Bach’s Style

Dense
- Sets Bach apart.
  - Josquin and Palestrina because were writing for voices, not instruments, and writing for fewer voices than what Bach was working with

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Bach’s Style

Dense
- Hard to ____ and difficult to make it sound easy, Fugues

Bach’s Style

Dense
- Hard to play and difficult to make it sound easy, Fugues

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Bach’s Style

_______
- “Spinning-out”

Bach’s Style

Fortspinnung
- “Spinning-out”

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Bach’s Style

________
- He takes one idea and rolls with it. Ball of yarn and keep pulling and pulling. Neatly organized mess on the floor. No longer have tighly wound ball of yarn.

Bach’s Style

Fortspinnung
- He takes one idea and rolls with it. Ball of yarn and keep pulling and pulling. Neatly organized mess on the floor. No longer have tighly wound ball of yarn.

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Bach’s Style

Sharply focused designs
- Harmonic _____ and _____

Bach’s Style

Sharply focused designs
- Harmonic rhythm and function
  - Fugual Entrance: Subject and answer are harmonically related

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Bach’s Style

Sharply focused designs
- Harmonic rhythm/Harmonic function
  - Fortspinnung:
    - Arrivals in particular ____ on particular harmonies.

Bach’s Style

Sharply focused designs
- Harmonic rhythm/Harmonic function
  - Fortspinnung:
    - Arrivals in particular keys on particular harmonies.

Bach’s Style

Sharply focused _____

Bach’s Style

Sharply focused designs

Bach’s Style

Prolific Composer: Wide Variety of ______

Bach’s Style

Prolific Composer: Wide Variety of Repertoire
- Bach vs. Josquin. Josquin wrote in a wide variety as well (Chanson, motet, masses) fewer genres to pick from back then

Bach’s Style * Sharply focused designs * Harmonic rhythm/Harmonic function * Fortspinnung: * Tonally driven \_\_\_\_, tonic-dominant, circle of fifths, and back to tonic.

Bach’s Style * Sharply focused designs * Harmonic rhythm/Harmonic function * Fortspinnung: * Tonally driven **_forms_**, tonic-dominant, circle of fifths, and back to tonic.

Bach’s Genres

Bach’s Genres * Concertos * Preludes and Fugues: * *(Well-Tempered Clavier)* * Chorale Preludes: * *(Orgelbüchlein)* * Cantatas (German!) * Passions

Bach’s Genres * Concertos * Lookup on ____ and watch * Grosso

Bach’s Genres * Concertos * Lookup on **_Youtube_** and watch * Grosso

Bach’s Genres * Preludes and Fugues: (Well-Tempered Clavier) * Collection of Preludes and fugues in every _____ key

Bach’s Genres * Preludes and Fugues: (Well-Tempered Clavier) * Collection of Preludes and fugues in every **_chromatic_** key

Bach’s Genres * Preludes and Fugues: (Well-Tempered Clavier) * Relates to the early 18th century because people were thinking of an _______ approach to music

Bach’s Genres * Preludes and Fugues: (Well-Tempered Clavier) * Relates to the early 18th century because people were thinking of an **_Encyclopedic_** approach to music

Bach’s Genres * Preludes and Fugues: (Well-Tempered Clavier) * Couldn't play these pieces without _______ tuning

Bach’s Genres * Preludes and Fugues: (Well-Tempered Clavier) * Couldn't play these pieces without **_equal temperament_** tuning

Bach’s Genres * Equal temperament tuning * Every half step is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Bach’s Genres * Equal temperament tuning * Every half step is equal distance apart

Bach, Prelude and Fugue in A minor * Fortspinnung: “\_\_\_\_\_”

Bach, Prelude and Fugue in A minor * Fortspinnung: “**_spinning out_**”

Bach, Prelude and Fugue in A minor * Harmonic Motion: “\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_”

Bach, Prelude and Fugue in A minor * Harmonic Motion: “**_out and back_**”

Bach, Prelude and Fugue in A minor * Listen for ______ and _____ Points

Bach, Prelude and Fugue in A minor * Listen for **_Cadences_** and **_Pedal_** Points

Bach's music can be accused of being ______ and more of an academic exercise than relaxing music.

Bach's music can be accused of being **_pedantic_** and more of an academic exercise than relaxing music. Disjunct quality of the melody

Anatomy of a Fugue

Anatomy of a Fugue When the subject comes in a second time in a different key, that is called the \_\_\_\_\_\_

Anatomy of a Fugue When the subject comes in a second time in a different key, that is called the **_answer_**

Anatomy of a Fugue The answer is accompanied by the \_\_\_\_\_\_

Anatomy of a Fugue The answer is accompanied by the **_countersubject_** Countersubject second melody that accompanies the answer.

Anatomy of a Fugue * What sets Bach apart from Josquin

Anatomy of a Fugue * The Subject sets Bach apart from Josquin. Both were thinking imitation. * Josquin was thinking about tonality, not harmonic rhythm and motion. Intervals, and approaching music from a modal perspective

What makes Bach's music so difficult to play

What makes Bach's music so difficult to play? * Balancing all the voices * Making every entrance of the subject and answer clear while articulating the countersubject

Bach’s Genres * Chorale Preludes: (Orgelbüchlein) * Most were composed for the \_\_\_\_

Bach’s Genres * Chorale Preludes: (Orgelbüchlein) * Most were composed for the **_organ_**

Bach’s Genres * Chorale Preludes: (Orgelbüchlein) * What is Orgelbüchlein?

Bach’s Genres * Chorale Preludes: (Orgelbüchlein) * Orgelbüchlein, manuscript book, "Little organ book"

Bach’s Genres * Chorale Preludes: (Orgelbüchlein) * Bach wasn't publishing music like other musicians were. Much of his music survives in _____ form

Bach’s Genres * Chorale Preludes: (Orgelbüchlein) * Bach wasn't publishing music like other musicians were. Much of his music survives in **_manuscript_** form

Bach’s Genres * Chorale Preludes: (Orgelbüchlein) * Designed for church service to introduce a \_\_\_\_

Bach’s Genres * Chorale Preludes: (Orgelbüchlein) * Designed for church service to introduce a **_hymn_**

Bach, Chorale Prelude: *Durch Adams Fall* * From the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Bach, Chorale Prelude: *Durch Adams Fall* * From the ***_Orgelbüchlein_***

Bach, Chorale Prelude: *Durch Adams Fall* * Hymn tune * Can be in any \_\_\_\_\_

Bach, Chorale Prelude: *Durch Adams Fall* * Hymn tune * Can be in any voice * pedal * middle * top

Bach, Chorale Prelude: *Durch Adams Fall* * Hymn tune * Could look like a _______ mass

Bach, Chorale Prelude: *Durch Adams Fall* * Hymn tune * Could look like a **_Cantus Firmus_** mass * there is a chant in one particular voice

Bach, Chorale Prelude: *Durch Adams Fall* * Hymn tune * Original ______ abandoned

Bach, Chorale Prelude: *Durch Adams Fall* * Hymn tune * Original **_rhythm_** abandoned * Melody is maintained. You have to look for the melody intervals because the rhythm is abandoned.

Bach, Chorale Prelude: *Durch Adams Fall* * Hymn tune * ____ between phrases

Bach, Chorale Prelude: *Durch Adams Fall* * Hymn tune * **_Rests_** between phrases * Fermatas also indicate rest.

Bach, Chorale Prelude: *Durch Adams Fall* * Extramusical meaning * ______ lines: slithering snake

Bach, Chorale Prelude: *Durch Adams Fall* * Extramusical meaning * **_Chromatic_** lines: slithering snake

Bach, Chorale Prelude: *Durch Adams Fall* * Extramusical meaning * Dissonant _____ of a seventh: The Fall of Adam (and Eve)

Bach, Chorale Prelude: *Durch Adams Fall* * Extramusical meaning * Dissonant **_drops_** of a seventh: The Fall of Adam (and Eve)

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CLASS: Nov 28, 2018 -- COMPLETE Flashcards

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