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Orthopedic Pathology > Class 9 > Flashcards

Class 9 Flashcards

1
Q

What is scoliosis

Scoliosis

A

Abnormal lateral curvature of spine

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2
Q

What are the common directions of scoliosis

Scoliosis

A

Left - L Spine
Right - T spine

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3
Q

What is the most common cause of scoliosis?

Classification of scoliosis

A

Idiopathic (85%)

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4
Q

What is Structural scoliosis

Etiology of scoliosis

A

Spine fixed in place

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5
Q

What is adolescent idiopathic scoliosis? What is a possible cause?

Incidence of Scoliosis

A

M/c of scoliosis
Could have genetic component

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6
Q

What is an Adam’s Test

Scoliosis

A

Bending forward to reveal deformity

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7
Q

Which is more likely to progress? Small or large curves

Scoliosis

A

Large curves

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8
Q

Which curves are more likely to progress Thoracic, Lumbar, or thoracolumbar?

Scoliosis

A

Thoracic

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9
Q

What is functional scoliosis?

Scoliosis

A

Not permanent
Could be compensating for muscle imbalance, disc herniation, etc…

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10
Q

How does Whiplash occur

Whiplash

A

Acceleration/deceleration causing quick flexion/extension

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11
Q

Which tissues are affected during whiplash

Tissues Involved

A

Almost all tissues/bones/muscles in area can be affected

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12
Q

Grade 0 Whiplash

Whiplash Classification

A

No pain, stiffness, physical signs

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13
Q

Grade 1 whiplash

Classification of whiplash

A

complaints of pain, stiffness
No physical signs

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14
Q

Grade 2 whiplash

Whiplas classification

A

Neck compains and decreased ROM

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15
Q

Grade 3 whiplash

Classification of whiplash

A

Neck complains & neurological signs found (weakness, DTR)

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16
Q

Grade 4 whiplash

Classification of whiplash

A

Neck complaints and fracture/dislocation

17
Q

What is Torticollis

Torticollis

A

Abnormal head and neck positioning

18
Q

How does torticollis typically present?

Torticollis

A

Lateral flexion, rotation, raised shoulder, flex/extended neck

19
Q

What is Acute Acquired Torticollis?

Acute Acquired Torticollis

A

Painful unilateral spasm/shortening of neck muscles

20
Q

What is spasmodic torticollis

Spasmotic Torticollis

A

Involuntary cervical muscle spasms and abnormal head position

21
Q

What is Congenital Torticollis

Congenital Torticollis

A

Contracture of one SCM resuting in abnormal head positon

Present form infancy

22
Q

What is cervical rib?

A

Piece of bone that articulates with TvP’s of 1+ cervical vertebrae

rib in c-spine

22
Q

Where is cervical rib most common

A

C5, C6, C7

23
Q

What is TMJ dysfunction

TMJ disfunction

A

DIsorder of muscles of mastication/associated structures

Orthopedic Pathology (12 decks)

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