Class 11 Flashcards
What is glenohumeral hypermobility
GH hypermobility
When humeral head translates to greater degree
What is glenohumeral instability
GH instability
Inability to maintain humeral head in glenoid fossa
How does atraumatic GH instability occur
GH instability
Congenital or repetitive injury
Which joint is disloacted in a shoulder separation?
Shoulder separation
Acromioclavicular
Grade 1 shoulder separation
Shoulder separation
Tearing of AC joint capsule
Grade 2 shoulder separation
Shoulder separation
Tear of AC joint capsule/AC ligaments
Grade 3 shoulder separation
Shoulder separation
Tear of joint capsule, AC ligaments, and coraclavicular ligaments
Shoulder dislocation which joint? M/c direction?
Most commonly dislocated joint?
Shoulder dislocation
GH
Anterior - M/C
What is bicipital tendonitis?
Bicipital tendonitis
Degenerative changes in long head of biceps muscle tendon
How could bicep tendon rupture occur?
Bicep tendon rupture
Pre-existing degenerative changes may cause rupture during flx.
What is frozen shoulder
Adhesive capsulitis
painful restriction of active/passive ROM at shoulder jt
Frozen shoulder acute phase
“Freezing”
2-9 months
gradual pain
more pain at night
Frozen shoulder subacute phase
“frozen phase”
4-12 months
severe pain diminishes
stiffness main complain
Frozen shoulder chronic phase
“Thawing”
Spontaneous resolution after 2 years
Full ROM not always regained
What is impingement syndrome
Inflammation, pain, edema in subacromion space
What impingement syndrome causes
Painful compression of rotator cuff tendons
Difference b/w functional and structural impingement syndrome
Impingement syndrome
Structural: reduction of subacromial area
Functional: shoulder instability
Impingement syndrome stage 1
Impingement syndrome
Edema and hemorrhage of subacromial bursa
Impingement syndrome stage 2
Tendinitis and fibrosis
Impingement syndrome stage 3
Complete or incomplete tendinous rupture
Posterior dislocation of elbow requires?
Significant force.
foosh, sports, mva
Olecranon Bursitis caused by
Students elbow
Hard impacts or constant lean on elbow
Lateral epicondylitis
Tennis Elbow
Premature degeneration in flat tendinous origin of forearm extensor mm
Tennis elbow characterized by?
Lateral epicondylitis
Pain at lateral aspect of elbow
Medial epicondylitis cause
Golfer’s elbow
Repetitive flexion movements of wrist
Lunate dislocation common direction
Anterior
Lunate dislocation occurs how?
falling on dorsiflexed hand
Dequarvains Tenosynovitis
- Inflammation of abductor pollicis longus / extensor pollicis brevis tendon sheath
Dequarvains Tenosynovitis cause
Repetitive use microtrauma from repeated thumb use
Trigger Finger
Thickening of common fibrous sheath around deep/superficial flexor tendons
Trigger finger causes what?
unable to actively extend
What is mallet finger? How does it occur
Injury to distal IP joint
Occurs from sporting injry
Gamekeepers thumb
Tear or rupture of ulnar collateral ligament 1st MCP joint
Jersey finger
Rugby finger
Rupture of Flexor digitorum profundus tendon
Volkmann’s Ischemic Contracture
Permanent flexion contraction of hand/fingers
Causes of Volkmann’s Ischemic Contracture
fractures of arm/forearm leading to ischemia/necrosis
Duptuytren’s Contracture
Contracture of palmar fascia
Dupuytren’s contracture leads to
permanent flx of one or more digits
