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Orthopedic Pathology > Class 3 > Flashcards

Class 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Direct trauma fracture

A

break at point of impact

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2
Q

Indirect trauma fracture

A

break some distance from impact

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3
Q

Stress fracture

A

overuse

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4
Q

Pathology fracture

A

Pathologies weaken bone, more likely to fracture

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5
Q

Healing depends on

A

damage, movement, disease, age, overall health

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6
Q

Early complications occur within

A

few weeks

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7
Q

Acute compartment syndrome

A

fascial compartment swells — reduced circulation

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8
Q

Acute compartment syndrome results in

A

necrosis and gangrene

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9
Q

Bone infection early complication

A

fever, pain

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10
Q

Deep vein thrombosis

A

Blood clot in deep vein

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11
Q

Pressure sore

A

Ischemia over bony prominence

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12
Q

Late fracture complications occur

A

few weeks to years later

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13
Q

Delayed union

A

Bone taking longer to unite

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14
Q

Non-union

A

Failure of bone to heal

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15
Q

Malunion

A

Incorrect bone union

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16
Q

Avascular necrosis

A

Tissue death from lack of blood

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17
Q

Osteonecrosis

A

Avascular necrosis of bone

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18
Q

Bone healing stage 1

A

Inflammation forms fracture hematoma

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19
Q

Bone healing stage 2

A

Fibroblasts (CT cells) create soft callus

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20
Q

Bone healing stage 3

A

Replaces cartilage with bone

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21
Q

Bone healing stage 4

A

Remodeling. Osteoclasts shape bone

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22
Q

Fracture classification: Site

A

Where fracture occured

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23
Q

Complete fracture

A

broken 2 or more pieces

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24
Q

Incomplete fracture

A

bent/cracked

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25
Compression
Bone crushed
26
Greenstick
children only. Bone bent
27
Stress/hairline fracture
Due to overuse. M/c tibia
28
Linear
Parallel to bone axis
29
Transverse fracture
Right angle to bone axis
30
Oblique fracture
diagonal to bone axis
31
Spiral fracture
part of bone twisted
32
Comminuted fracture
two or more fragments
33
Avulsion fracture
ligament pull portion of bone off
34
Undisplaced fragments
ends line up
35
Displaced fragments
do not line up
36
Closed fracture
skin intact
37
Open/compound fracture
end of bone thru skin
38
Galeazzi fracture
radial shaft fracture/ distal radioulnar dislocation
39
Monteggia fracture
proximal ulna head fracture/ head of radius dislocation
40
Colles fracture
Distal radius fracture/ distal fragment dorsal
41
Smiths fracture (reverse colles)
Distal radius fracture / distal fragment ventral
42
Bartons fracture
Intraarticular - distal radius / dislocation radiocarpal joint
43
Bennetts fracture
Prox. 1st metacarpal intra articular fracture
44
Rolando fracture
1st metacarpal communited intra-articular fracture
45
Boxers fracture
5th metacarpal fractureS
46
Salter-harris fracture
Fracture through growth plate
47
Potts fracture
To one or both malleoli
48
Jones fracture
5th metatarsal fracture
49
Maisonneuve Fracture
Spiral fracture prox 1/3 fibula
50
Toddlers fracture
spiral distal 1/3rd to 1/2 tibia fracture
51
Trimalleolar fracture
medial and lateral and distal posterior tibia
52
Blowout fracture
Eye orbit
53
Chance fracture
Spine due to hyperflexion
54
Linear fracture (skull)
m/c skull fracture
55
Depressed fracture
high velocity impact by small object
56
Jefferson fracture
anterior/posterior arches C1
57
teardrop fractures
vertebral body fracture
57
Clay shovelers fracture
Avulsion fracture of SP's
58
Compression fracture
M/c lumbar fracture
59
Rib fracture
cause by trauma. 4-10 m/c broken
60
Flail chest
3+ ribs fracture in 2+ places

Orthopedic Pathology (12 decks)

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