Class 6 Flashcards
Valgus
derivation away from midline distal bone
Varus
Derivation towards midline of distal bone
Coxa Vera angle
Angle b/w head of femur and neck <120 degrees
Coxa vera develops when
b/w age 2-6
Coxa valga angle
Femoral neck-shaft angle > 135 degrees
Coxa valga less or more common than coxa vera?
less common
Coxa valga associated with?
Cerebral palsy
Genu valgum
Knees touching, but ankles apart
Genu valgum normal at what age? should be fixed when?
Normal age: 2-3
SHould be fixed:5-6
Genu valgum cause
hypermobility of joint
Genu varum
Ankles touch, but knees don’t
Femoral anteversion
Inward twist of femur causing knee and foot point inward
Femoral retroversion
External twist of femur cause knee and foot point outward
Tibial torsion which has poorer prognosis
External tibial torsion
Spina Bifida
Incomplete closing of embryonic neural tube
Most common congenital abnormality of spine?
Spina Bifida
Spina bifida occulta
bony defect in spinal cord
Is Spina Bifida congenital? Where is it most common in spine?
Yes, lumbosacral region
Spina Bifida maternal deficiency?
Folic acid
Spina befida manifesta
bony defects found, involve nervous tissue
Spina Bifida treatment
Pre or post natal surgery
Klippel-feil syndrome
Failure vertebral segmentation c-spine
Klippel-feil syndrome how it looks
Neck short, stiff, webbed, posterior hairline low
Hemivertebrae
Congenital triangular deformity of the vertebrae body
Hemivertebrae occurs where?
Upper lumbar, lower thoracic
Clubfoot
Foot malformed in specific position
Osgood-schlatter disease
Patella tendon pulling on tibial tuberosity causing pain
Osgood-schlatter disease occurs when?
period of rapid growth combined with high level sporting activity
Severs disease
inflammation of heel growth plate
Severs disease occurs in who?
active children
Legg-Calve Perthes
Inadequate blood supply to hip joint
Legg-calve perthes m/c in?
boys age 4-10
Chandler’s disease
Avascular necrosis of femoral head
Chandler’s disease symptoms
pain and stiffening of hip
Chandler’s disease treatment
hip replacement
SCFE
Epiphysis slips off femur
SCFE symptoms/signs
slight limp, discomfort in hip
Achondroplasia
Limbs shorter than trunk, large head
Achondroplasia cause
Genetic - autosomal dominant disease
Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Congenital genetic disease causing brittle bones
Osteogenesis Imperfecta gene mutation leads to
errors in collagen prod.
Radial head sublaxation - nursemaids elbow
M/c dislocation in kid, sudden pulled elbow
Still’s disease
Aka systemic juvenile arthritis
autoimmune, high fevers, rashes
Still’s disease symptoms
Age 16 or less, juvenile athritis
Still’s disease prognosis
fevers disappear after months, remission in 50% of cases
