Class 5 - Infancy Flashcards
Why is infancy important when becoming a nurse? (5)
- Unparalleled growth in the first year
- physical changes within the brain
- adaptive and primitive reflexes
- Milestones!
- sensory skills
resiliency and decolonization social structure slide
What is attachment?
- The emotional tie to a parent experienced by an infant, from which a child derives security
What is the attachment theory?
- the view that the ability and need to form an attachment relationship early in life and genetic characteristics of all human beings
What are characteristics of the attachment theory? (3)
- Infants create internal models related to their relationships by age 5
- The majority of parents manage to respond to their infants in a way that foster the development of a close relationship
- It is important to look at both sides of the relationship equation
What are three attachment behaviours?
- stranger anxiety
- separation anxiety
- social referencing
What are the types of attachment? (2, 6)
- Secure attachment
- most common in every country - Insecure attachment
- avoidant attachment
- ambivalent attachment
- disorganized/disoriented attachment
What are the 5 factors influencing secure attachment?
- Emotional Responsiveness - parallel teachings
- Tactile responsiveness - parallel teachings
- Contingent responsiveness - parallel teachings
- Marital conflict
- Mental health
What are some characteristics of securely attached children? (4)
- more sociable, positive in behaviour to siblings and friends
- less clinging and dependent on teachers
- less aggressive and disruptive
- empathetic and emotionally mature in school and outside the home
What does it look like when loss of attachment happens on a much broader scale? (3)
Around the world
- USA where children are being taken from their families when they cross the border, war ravaged countries
In the past
- During the Great Famine, orphans were sent to Canada, USA and Australia
large scale prevention measures are required
How can we promote health in infancy? (4)
- Immunizations
- Vaccines help the immune system recognize and fight bacteria and viruses that cause diseases - Supporting breastfeeding
- Second-hand smole
- Safe sleep
How often does the sleep cycle occur in infancy? What develops around 8 weeks?
- cycle repeats every 2 hours
- By 8 weeks, some develop day/night routine and can sleep up to 2-3 hours
What develops at 6 months in terms of sleep?
= babies sleep about 13 hours and have defined sleep routines
What are some conditions that may happen to infants in sleep? (3)
- central sleep apnea
- obstructive sleep apnea
- cultural beliefs can play a role r/t parents’ response to sleep patterns
Colic is frequent, prolonged, and intense crying in infants. When does this appear and disappear? (2)
- typically appears at 2-3 weeks and disappears around 3-4 months
- important to reassure parents that this is normal and self-limiting with no long-term effects
What is sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)?
- sudden and unexpected death of an apparently healthy infant under 1 years
How can parents and caregivers provide a safe sleep environment to prevent SIDS? (6)
- Placing baby on their back
- Elimination quilts, duvets, pillows, soft toys, crib bumpers (only fitted sheet is recommended)
- Avoid laying the baby on a soft surface
- Have baby sleep in a crib or cot near the parent’s bed for the first 6 months
- Avoid bedsharing or otherwise sleeping with the baby on the sofa, especially if parents smoke, are tired than usual, or have consumed alcohol or substances that promote fatigue
- Providing a smoke free environment during pregnancy and post-birth
Why does family play a role in sexuality in infants?
their attitude and behaviours
- more in later childhood
