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PSYC 479 > Class 12 - Temporal Lobe > Flashcards

Class 12 - Temporal Lobe Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the ventral stream of visual information?

A

Inferotemporal cortex (BA 20, 21, 37, 38)

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2
Q

What is in the subcortical temporal lobe?

A

Limbic cortex, amygdala, hippocampal formation

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3
Q

Where is the multimodal/polymodal area?

A

Under superior temporal sulcus (auditory, visual, somatic)

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4
Q

What is in the medial temporal cortex?

A

Amygdala and adjacent cortex, hippocampus and surrounding cortex, fusiform gyrus

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5
Q

What are the afferent and efferent projections of the temporal lobe?

A

Afferent: sensory systems
Efferent: parietal and frontal association regions

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6
Q

What is the hierarchical sensory pathway?

A

Incoming auditory and visual information (stimulus recognition)

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7
Q

What is the dorsal auditory pathway?

A

From auditory cortex to posterior parietal lobe (detection of spatial location/movement of sound)

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8
Q

What is the polymodal pathway?

A

From auditory and visual areas to polymodal cortex (stimulus categorization)

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9
Q

What is the medial temporal projection?

A

From auditory and visual areas to medial temporal lobe, limbic cortex, hippocampal formation, and amygdala (learning and memory)

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10
Q

What are the frontal lobe projections?

A

Auditory and visual cortex to frontal lobe (movement control, working memory, affect)

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11
Q

What are the functions of the temporal lobe (4 main functions)?

A
  1. Processing speech, music, auditory stimuli (primary and secondary auditory cortex)
  2. Visual object recognition (secondary visual cortex)
  3. Long-term storage of information (hippocampal and perrihnal cortex)
  4. Affective responses (amygdala)
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12
Q

What is cross-modal matching?

A

Process of matching visual and auditory information (depends on superior temporal sulcus)

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13
Q

What is biological motion and what part of the temporal lobe is involved?

A

Movements relevant to a species (connection to “theory of mind”. STS (superior temporal sulcus) involved

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14
Q

What direction does someone have to be moving to most activate your STS?

A

Towards you

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15
Q

Why do neurons in the temporal lobe form columns?

A

To respond to categories of complex features and shapes. These neurons are easily altered by experience.

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16
Q

What side of the temporal lobe is more important for facial recognition?

A

Right side

17
Q

How does speech differ from other sounds?

A

Speech sounds come from only 3 frequencies, vary from one context to another (still percieved as the same), change very rapidly in relation to one another

18
Q

What are the three characteristics of music?

A

Loudness, timbre (distinctive characteristic of a sound), pitch

19
Q

What are the two forms of pitch?

A

Fundamental (periodicity) pitch and spectral pitch

20
Q

What side is dominant for extracting pitch (prosody)?

A

Right

21
Q

What side is for temporal grouping of rhythm? What side is for meter/beat?

A

Left and right, respectively

22
Q

What side and area of the brain is larger for those with absolute pitch?

A

Left planum temporale

23
Q

What side of the temporal lobe is for verbal memory and speech processing? Non verbal memory (maybe) and face processing?

A

Left and right temporal lobe respectively

24
Q

What is cortical deafness?

A

No hearing, but can still detect a sound

25
Q

What is impaired auditory processing?

A

Trouble discriminating speech sounds

26
Q

What is congenital amusia?

A

Being tone deaf

27
Q

What affects rhythm discrimination?

A

Right posterior temporal gyrus

28
Q

What affects meter discrimination?

A

Anterior damage to either the right or left temporal lobe

29
Q

What impairs recall of visual stimuli in the right visual field? Both visual fields?

A

Left and right temporal lobe respectively

30
Q

What lesions can lead to difficulty in recognizing specific word categories?

A

Posterior temporal lobe lesions

31
Q

Does temporal lobe damage impair the use of context?

A

Yes

32
Q

What type of amnesia is usually caused by temporal lobe damage?

A

Anterograde amnesia

33
Q

What is antereograde amnesia?

A

Cannot remember new info (bilateral removal of medial temporal lobes)

34
Q

What is responsible for conscious recall of information?

A

Inferotemporal cortex

35
Q

What is responsible for verbal memory?

A

Left temporal lobe

36
Q

Where do you stimulate to produce feelings of fear?

A

Stimulation of anterior and medial temporal cortex

37
Q

What is “temporal lobe” personality?

A

Egocentricity, pedantic speech, overemphasizes petty details, paranoia, aggression

38
Q

What is Kluver-Bucy syndrome and how is it caused?

A

Hyperphagia (eating), hypersexuality, hyperorality, visual agnosia docility. Caused by bilateral anterior temporal lobe lesions

39
Q

What is a complex-partial seizure?

A

Auditory and olfactory aura precede seizure

PSYC 479 (19 decks)

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