Class 11 - Sensory disorders Flashcards
What can lesions to the postcentral gyrus cause?
High sensory thresholds, impaired position sense, astereognosis, afferent paresis
What is afferent paresis?
Clumsy finger movements because of lack of feedback about finger position
What is astereognosis?
Inability to recognize an object by touch
What is simultaneous extinction?
Failure to report a stimulus when two are delivered simuteneously on opposite sides of the body
What is blind touch?
Cannot feel stimuli but can report the location
What is asomatognosia?
Loss of knowledge or sense of one’s own bodily condition
What is anosognosia?
Unawareness or denial of illness
What is anosodiaphoria?
Indifference to illness
What is autopagnosia?
Inability to localize or name body parts
What is asymbolia?
Absence of normal pain reactions
What are the three deficits in Balint’s syndrome?
Oculomotor apraxia, simultagnosia, optic ataxia
What is contralateral neglect?
Neglect for visual, auditory and somesthetic stimulation on one side of the body or space
What are the two phases of recovery for contralateral neglect?
Allesthesia: respond to neglected stimuli as if they were on the other side of body or space
Simultaneous extinction
Where is the lesion in contralateral neglect?
Right inferior parietal lobe (right intraparietal sulcus and right angular gyrus). Can also be a lesion in frontal lobe (goal-directed behavior) and cingulate cortex (loss of motivation)
Where is the lesion in object recognition problems when patients are poor at recognizing unfamiliar views?
Right parietal lobe
What are the 4 symptoms of Gerstmann syndrome?
- Left-right confusion
- Finger agnosia
- Acalculia
- Agraphia
Where is the lesion in Gerstmann syndrome?
Left angular gyrus. Maybe some supramarginal (although mostly language)
What are 3 left parietal symptoms?
Disturbed language function, apraxia, right hemianopia (from optic radiations)
What is limb-kinetic apraxia?
Cannot make fine, precise movements (esp. fingers)
What is ideomotor apraxia?
Inability to plan or complete motor actions. Can explain how to perform the action though. Can do it automatically though
What is ideational/conceptual apraxia?
Inability to conceptualize a task and impaired ability to complete multistep actions
What are side are the parietal apraxia’s usually associated with?
Left parietal lesions, or even callosal lesions
What are ways to assess for apraxia?
Gesture to command, gesture to imitation, pantomine (see tool), actual tool use, serial motor acts
What is constructional apraxia?
Cannot copy pictures, build puzzles. Constructing something. Left hemisphere = details only, right hemisphere = global only
What is disengagement?
Shifting attention from one stimulus to the next
What hemisphere has the lesion when: you are unable to generate an image, unable to manipulate an image
Left and right hemisphere, respectively
What test can be used to test for somatosensory threshold?
Two-point discrimination
How can you test contralateral neglect?
Line bisection
How do you test apraxia?
Kimura
How can you test tactile form recognition?
Seguin-Goddard Form Board
How can you test visual perception?
Gollin incomplete figures, Mooney closure
